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Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie were shot to death by a Bosnian Serbian nationalist

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Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, beginning World War I. After the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife.

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Germany invades Luxembourg and Belgium. France invades Alsace. British forces arrive in France. Nations allied against Germany were eventually to include Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Rhodesia, Romania, Greece, France, Belgium, United States, Canada, Serbia, India, Portugal, Montenegro, and Poland.

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Austria-Hungary invades Russia.
After declaring war on Serbia (Russia's Allie) they also had to fight Russia so they invaded.

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First Battle of the Marne was the first major battle of WW1 and Allied forces halt German advance into France.

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Allied forces land on the Gallipoli Peninsula of the Ottoman Empire. Landings begin on the Gallipoli Peninsula at Cape Helles (British 29th and Royal Naval divisions) and at ANZAC (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) Cove. The attempt to force the Dardanelles and capture the Ottoman capital at Constantinople (now Istanbul) is a disaster almost from the outset. Altogether, the Allies suffered more than 200,000 casualties during the subsequent nine-month campaign. The failed offensive becomes the war’s signal event for Australian and New Zealand troops and eventually leads to the collapse of the British government.

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German submarine sinks the passenger liner Lusitania during crossing from New York to Liverpool, England, killing 128 Americans.

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Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary.
Italy is an Allie and due to the alliances with Serbia and Russia they declared war on Austria-Hungary because they invaded Russia.

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Battle of Verdun
The Battle of Verdun begins. Over the next 10 months, the French and German armies at Verdun, France, suffer over 700,000 casualties, including some 300,000 killed. By the battle’s conclusion, entire French villages had been wiped from the map; they were subsequently memorialized as having “died for France.” More than a century after the battle’s conclusion, over 10 million shells remained in the soil around Verdun, and bomb-clearing units continued to remove some 40 tons of unexploded munitions from the area annually.

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Battle of Jutland
Naval Battle of Jutland takes place between British and German fleets.

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Battle of Somme
The First Battle of the Somme begins. The British offensive is intended to draw German attention from Verdun, and in that regard only could it be considered a success. The nearly 20,000 killed in action on July 1 marks the single bloodiest day in the history of the British army. By the time the Somme campaign ground to a halt some four and a half months later, the combined casualties of both sides topped 1,000,000.

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Battle of Verdun ends with 550,000 French and 450,000 German casualties.

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United States severs diplomatic relations with Germany.

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The United States declares war on Germany. In his address to Congress four days earlier, U.S. Pres. Woodrow Wilson had cited Germany’s practice of unrestricted submarine warfare and the “Zimmermann Telegram” as key reasons behind the abandonment of his long-standing policy of neutrality.

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American combat forces arrive in France.

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President Woodrow Wilson presents to Congress his outline of Fourteen Points required for peace.

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Bolshevics ended the war with Germany by signing the punitive Treaty of Brest Litovsk .

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Russia signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany.

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Germany begins its final offensive of the war.

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United States forces are victorious in the Battle of Cantigny, the first independent American operation.

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American forces stop German attempt to cross the Marne River at Chateau-Thierry.

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The Russian Imperial Romanov family, including their four daughters and their son and all those who chose to accompany them into exile were shot in Yekaterinburg

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Second Battle of Marne

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American First Army attacks St. Mihiel salient.

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Allied forces begin the attack at Meusse-Argonne, the final offensive of the war.

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Germany signs the Armistice at Compiègne, ending World War I.

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Treaty of Versailles is signed

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The First Meeting Of The League Of Nations The Assembly of the League of Nations meets for the first time in Geneva, Switzerland. The US is notably absent, the Senate having voted against joining the League in November 1919.

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Benito Mussolini Is Made Italian Premier King Victor Emmanuel declares Mussolini premier in an attempt to head off violent conflict between the Fascists and the Communists.

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Vladimir Lenin Dies
Joseph Stalin becomes leader of Soviet Union

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The Great Depression

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Stock Market crash in the USA This was the most devastating stock market crash in the history of the United States (acting as the most significant predicting indicator of the Great Depression)

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Japan invades Manchuria The Japanese invasion of Manchuria began on 18 September 1931, when the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria immediately following the Mukden Incident

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Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany On this day in 1933, President Paul von Hindenburg names Adolf Hitler, leader or fÜhrer of the National Socialist German Workers Party (or Nazi Party), as chancellor of Germany.

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Italy invades Ethiopia The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a colonial war from 3 October 1935 to 5 May 1936 between the armed forces of the Kingdom of Italy and those of the Ethiopian Empire

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Anti-Comintern Pact between Germany and Japan This agreement concluded between Germany and Japan directed specifically against the Soviet Union.

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Hitler annexed Austria.
On this day, Adolf Hitler announces an “Anschluss” (union) between Germany and Austria, in fact annexing the smaller nation into a greater Germany.

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Germany annexes and occupies Czechoslovakia. The German occupation of Czechoslovakia began with the German annexation of Czechoslovakia's northern and western border regions, formerly being part of German-Austria known collectively as the Sudetenland

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Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact.
This was a neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939

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Germany invades Poland
On this day in 1939, German forces bombard Poland on land and from the air, as Adolf Hitler seeks to regain lost territory and ultimately rule Poland. World War II had begun.