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The Supreme Court ruling in the Brown v board of Education of Topeka case, which declared that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. This decision overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that had permitted Jim Crow laws to mandate separate public facilities for Black and white Americans. The Brown decision only applied to schools, but it suggested that segregation in other public places was also unconstitutional.

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1955 - Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott

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1955 - Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott

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The African American activist refused to give her seat for a white person in the bus. Because she refused to give her seat she was arrested and after that the boycott started, lead by Martin Luther King.

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1957 -The Little Rock Nine and the Little Rock Central High School Integration

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1957 -The Little Rock Nine and the Little Rock Central High School Integration

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September 1957, when nine African American students attempted to attend Little Rock Central High School, which had previously been all white. Upon their arrival, they faced opposition from a large white mob and Arkansas National Guard soldiers sent by Gov. Orval Eugene Faubus. Over the course of 18 days, the situation was discussed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, Gov. Faubus, and Little Rock's mayor, Woodrow Mann. The students returned on September 23 and 25, protected by US soldiers, but faced violence and harassment. Despite this, eight of the nine students completed the academic year. The events received international attention and highlighted the struggle between federal and state power in the United States regarding civil rights.

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1960: The Greensboro Four and the Sit-In Movement

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1960: The Greensboro Four and the Sit-In Movement

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The sit-in movement began on February 1, 1960, when four African American students from the Agricultural and Technical College of North Carolina sat at the "whites only" lunch counter at a F.W. Woolworth department store in downtown Greensboro. They were refused service and asked to leave, but they remained seated until closing and returned the next day with about 20 other Black students. The protest grew in the following weeks, with protestors taking every seat in the establishment and spilling out of the store. As protestors were arrested, others took their place. The sit-in movement spread to other cities, leading to the desegregation of facilities throughout the country. The Greensboro Woolworth's began serving African American patrons in July.

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On August 28, 1963  Martin Luther King, Jr., led an interracial peaceful assembly of about 250,000 people close to the Lincoln Memorial to demand equal justice for all people.

The culmination of the March was King’s inspiring and historical “I Have a Dream” speech which he said on, he wished that someday his kids will not be judged by the color of the skin but judged by their personality

King used the speech to link black people to civil and human rights with the traditional american political values.

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In february 21 of 1965, The Black leader named Malcolm X was assassinated in Harlem, New York

Malcolm X spoke out on the civil rights movement, demanding it move beyond civil rights to human rights

His speeches and ideas contributed to the development of Black nationalist ideology and the Black Power movement.

There was a disturbance before the incident and as Malcolm X and his bodyguards tried to quell the disturbance, a man rushed forward and shot him once in the chest with a sawed-off shotgun

Malcolm X was pronounced dead at 3:30 pm, shortly after arriving at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital.