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1609: Galileo Galilei created the microscope 

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1609: Galileo Galilei created the microscope 

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In 1609 Galileo Galilei built the first simple microscope but it was Cornelius Drebbel a physicist that created a two-lens microscope in 1617 to 1619

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Galileo Galilei was born February 15, 1564. He was a physicist, astronomer, philosopher and mathematician.

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1665: The first person who saw the cells 

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1665: The first person who saw the cells 

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Hooke saw the cork cells with a microscope that he created,
He said that they looked like cells and that's why he called them cells but he couldn’t saw them alive
It was Robert Hooke who drew the structure under its cork structure

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Van Leeuwenhoek was the first to see alive cells, he said that they looked like tiny animals and that is why he called them animacules. He saw different types of cells because he observed different things.

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The microscope that Van Leeuwenhoek used

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The microscope that Van Leeuwenhoek used

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He discovered that the plant cells are separated into individual units by intercellular space

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Robert Brown was a botanist who discovered and designated the nucleus of the cell stating that it was the most important part of the cell. He discovered it by observing spots in the center of an orchid cell.

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What is Cell Theory? - Definition, Timeline & Parts - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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What are Cells?

You've probably heard of a cell. If you look down at your arm, you know that it is made up of cells - but you can't see them with your eyes. Cells are extremely tiny and must be viewed with a microscope.

If you ask a scientist what a cell is, they will tell you it is the smallest unit of structure and function. But what does that actually mean?

Living things share certain traits. They can take in nutrition, reproduce, use energy, grow, as well as respond and adapt to their environment. A cell is the smallest part of a living thing that can do all of those things. A living thing can be just a single cell. Most living things are made up of many cells. But how did we learn about cells when they are too small to see without the help of technology?

Let's take a journey through the history of how scientists have learned about cells. Scientists have combined new knowledge with information learned in the past to develop something called cell theory.

Cell Theory: A Definition

A theory in the science world is an idea supported by many tests that have been repeated over and over to prove the same result. In this case, cell theory is a collection of ideas and conclusions from many different scientists over time that describes cells and how cells operate.

What we know about cells has continuously evolved over time as new technologies have emerged and new information has been collected by scientists. Popular knowledge throughout history, such as that cells can grow spontaneously, has been disproved, and cell theory has been revised to reflect the new information.

Parts of Cell Theory

Cell theory tells us three important things about cells:

1) All living things are made up of cells.

2) A cell is the smallest unit in a living thing.

3) All cells come from other cells.

Let's look at these in a bit more detail. Living things can be very simple, such as an amoeba, shown below, which is made up of just one cell.

Within the single-celled amoeba are structures that allow nutrients and materials to enter and exit the cell, reproduction to happen, and the occurrence of energy to be used for growth and response to the environment.

Larger organisms, such as a dog or a tomato plant, are also made up of cells. You could take a small tissue sample and place it under a microscope to see one actual cell within the larger living thing.

Finally, cells reproduce to form new cells. This is how organisms reproduce and grow. For example, cells are constantly being replenished in our skin to replace older cells, and new cells are produced as young babies grow in a mother's womb.

A Timeline

This story began in 1665 with Robert Hooke, an English scientist. He was the first to view and describe cells and in doing so, gave them their name. He examined a slice of cork using a primitive microscope and saw tiny boxes, which he thought looked like small rooms and led to him calling them cells. Before this discovery, scientists knew that some things were living, but lacked the technology to know for sure what living things were made of. Soon, many people worked on inventing more sophisticated microscopes.

Shortly after, in 1674, a Dutchman named Anton van Leeuwenhoek looked at pond water through a powerful magnifying lens he created. To his surprise, he saw tiny organisms in the pond water! He also looked at other samples to view single-celled organisms that he named animalcules. This was a breakthrough for scientists because for the first time they could view microscopic living things, and scientific understanding grew about how cells live and grow.

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timeline & parts - video & lesson transcript | study.com

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What is Cell Theory? - Definition, Timeline & Parts - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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You've probably heard of a cell. If you look down at your arm, you know that it is made up of cells - but you can't see them with your eyes. Cells are extremely tiny and must be viewed with a microscope.

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He created the first electric microscope.
It works by taking up electrons and no light needed for sample result. It is used to display images with more magnification than they have and these images are displayed by a computer.

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Teoría ENDOSIMBIÓTICA⚡ [Lynn MARGULIS] EVOLUCIÓN en 5 minutos

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Teoría ENDOSIMBIÓTICA⚡ [Lynn MARGULIS] EVOLUCIÓN en 5 minutos

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UNAM scientists observed a nucleolus in unicellular organisms. It is located inside the cell nucleus.
The participants in this discovery, excluding the university researchers, were: Christian Voolstra, Anny Cárdenas and María Mosqueria.

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Científicos de Facultad de Ciencias y Arabia Saudita cambian paradigma de la biología celular al descubrir el nucleolo en procariontes

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In this link are more information of the discovery 

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In this link are more information of the discovery 

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Científicos de Facultad de Ciencias y Arabia Saudita cambian paradigma de la biología celular al descubrir el nucleolo en procariontes

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Parsifal Islas afirma que este resultado le da una inmensa alegría y refuerza su pasión que como universitario tiene por generar conocimiento nuevo, porque es una investigación que por un lado es original, que tiene un impacto fuerte en la biología, pero por otro lado es algo que no hubiera sido posible sin un ambiente de libertad de investigación como el que se propicia en el Laboratorio de Nanobiología Celular y que también encontraron en Arabia Saudita, un país en desarrollo que está apostando todo por la ciencia.