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October 17, 1887: France makes Indochina a colony

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October 17, 1887: France makes Indochina a colony

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Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia were controlled by France and were referred to as French Indochina. Indochina became one of France's most important colonies because of its natural resources and geographical location which would be important strategically later on.

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1920s: Ho Chi Minh studies communism in the Soviet Union

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1920s: Ho Chi Minh studies communism in the Soviet Union

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Ho Chi Minh was the founder and leader of the Vietnamese communist movement. Around the 1920's he began to study communism and on December of 1920 he joined the French Communists when they withdrew from the Socialist party. For the next several years, he would be involved in militant activity that would eventually lead to his presidency of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam from 1945 to his death in 1969.

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December 19, 1946: Viet Minh begin a guerilla war against the French

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December 19, 1946: Viet Minh begin a guerilla war against the French

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In 1946, the Viet Minh, a communist front organization founded by Ho Chi Minh, began to rebel against the French government using guerilla warfare in what was known as the First Indochina War. Guerilla warfare is a type of warfare that is fought by civilians who are often trying to overthrow an existing government or military using surprise attacks, ambushes, and raids.

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March 12, 1947: Truman Doctrine is issued

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March 12, 1947: Truman Doctrine is issued

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The Truman Doctrine was President Harry Truman's foreign policy that committed the United States to actively provide political, military, and economic assistance to democratic countries that were threatened by communist forces. This was to prevent the expansion of communism and to preserve the integrity of democratic nations.

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August 4, 1953: President Eisenhower proclaims the Domino Theory 

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August 4, 1953: President Eisenhower proclaims the Domino Theory 

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On August 4, 1953, President Dwight Eisenhower made a speech that would invoke a theory called the "Domino Theory" which states that if one domino falls over, it would cause all of the following dominoes after it to fall over as well. Eisenhower suggests that the fall of Indochina to communism would lead to the fall of other Asian nations such as Burma, Thailand, Indonesia, and even Japan.

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May 7, 1954: French are humiliated at Dien Bien Phu

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May 7, 1954: French are humiliated at Dien Bien Phu

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The Battle of Dien Bien Phu was fought from March 13 to May 7, 1954, which ended in a Vietnamese victory that led to the separation of the country into North and South Vietnam. The French were defeated in the northwest town in Vietnam called Dien Bien Phu by Ho Chi Minh's Viet Minh forces. This victory signified the end of French control over in Indochina and allowed for the division of Vietnam, which would eventually set the political framework for the Vietnam War that followed.

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July 21, 1954: The Geneva Accords divides Vietnam in two

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July 21, 1954: The Geneva Accords divides Vietnam in two

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The Geneva Accords were a series of documents that were issued from the Geneva Conference of April 26-July 21, 1954. The documents consisted of 3 military agreements, 6 declarations, and a Final Declaration of the Geneva Conference, which brought an end to the Indo-China War that France, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam have been involved in since 1946. The Geneva Accords also led to the formation of several states such as the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), the State of Vietnam (South Vietnam), the Kingdom of Laos, and the Kingdom of Cambodia.

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May 1961: President John Kennedy sends helicopters and 400 Green Berets to South Vietnam

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May 1961: President John Kennedy sends helicopters and 400 Green Berets to South Vietnam

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In May of 1961, President Kennedy agreed to send 400 United States Army Special Forces, called the Green Berets, and 100 U.S. military advisers to South Vietnam to assist the pro-Western government. On the same day, he also ordered the start of an clandestine (undercover) warfare against North Vietnam through South Vietnamese agents. This action would lead to a larger conflict and the Green Berets would soon gain a bigger role in combat and become one of the most highly decorated units of the Vietnam War.

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June 11, 1963: A 73-year-old monk immolates himself while sitting at a major city intersection in protest

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June 11, 1963: A 73-year-old monk immolates himself while sitting at a major city intersection in protest

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Thich Quang Duc was a Vietnamese Buddhist monk who was protesting against the persecution of Buddhists in South Vietnam. In a plea for the president of South Vietnam (Ngo Dinh Diem) to show compassion for all religions, Duc publicly burned himself to death at a busy intersection in downtown Saigon with the help of monks to pour gasoline on him. The immolation was considered an act of defiance against the corrupt government and helped to change the public opinion on South Vietnam.

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November 22, 1963: President Kennedy is assassinated

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November 22, 1963: President Kennedy is assassinated

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President John F. Kennedy was riding in a motorcade in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963 when he was assassinated. His alleged killer was a man named Lee Harvey Oswald, who was a former U.S. Marine that supports Marxism. Although being accused for the crime, Oswald never stood trial for murder because he was shot and killed by Jack Ruby who was distraught Dallas nightclub owner.