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1.) My thoughts on the introduction of this e-book are that it was very well written and informative but sort of falls flat and comes off as monotone. The introduction goes into better detail of the behind-the-scenes of the gold rush.
2.) The Chapter I chose was "We all live more like brutes than humans": Labor and Capital in the Gold Rush. I chose this chapter because it talks about labor and the workforce during the gold rush.
3.) My first impression of the introduction of this chapter is that it makes it sound interesting to read. The first few sentences talk about how historians glorify the gold rush, which made it sound more interesting to read.
4.) In the subtopic The Miners Fight Back: Strikes and Unions, The miners create labor strikes, the creation of labor movements, and who played huge parts in them.

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I thought the introduction was OK. We ended up finding out that Martial wasn’t the one who actually discovered the goal, but maybe the natives.
I chose chapter 5 it is called environmental changes before and after the Gold Rush. The only reason I picked this was because I like wildlife, so it caught my attention.
After reading, I realize that it wasn’t really talking about my life more, so how do you environment was affected by the gold rush.
I chose this picture because it shows the before of the rise of population during the gold rush. Because during the gold rush, a lot of the forces were caused to be cut down due to build more room for the growing population.

Mia Pardo

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1) The beginning of this e-book was very interesting since it challenges the notion of Marshall being the first person to discover a gold nugget. According to historian Hubert Howe Bancroft, a Native American mill worker was the first to uncover a gold nugget.
2) Environmental Changes Before and After the Gold Rush - I chose Chapter 5 because I was curious about the types of environmental changes that happened as a result of the Gold Rush.
3) I disagreed with the introductory comment, "It is tempting to blame the Gold Rush for beginning the process of severe environmental damage in California." It goes on to claim that human activity and migration to California are to blame, but I believe the Gold Rush should not be fully blameless.
4) Subtopic: Forest changes- This subtopic describes how the increase in population meant that people sought to own a home. As a result, redwood trees were cut down around San Francisco Bay and southward in the Santa Cruz Mountains, so that forest around gold camps and new places had vanished. The Comstock silver mines in Nevada prompted the destruction of pine forests on the Sierra east of Lake Tahoe. All of these events had terrible consequences, but at least some forest land received government protection, one of which was the Yosemite Valley in 1864.

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1. What interested me was that there is very little to know about the discovery of gold in general.

2. The chapter I chose is chapter 8 because I was intrigued with the elephant.

3. Once I read the introduction it's crazy to think that everyone gave up their lives in search of gold. They were so urgentin the need for it to make their lives easier. Also, the expression "seeing the elephant" means multiple things.

4. Many artists were famous and celebrated in multiple countries including England and America. Also the search for gold became very intense and fight for it. Many lives were lost because of the search for gold.

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1: The introduction was good and very informative. The introduction gives a few facts about the gold rush such as how it started and how it became what it is.
2: I chose chapter 5 "Environmental changes before and after the Gold Rush". I picked this chapter to learn how the environment/ wildlife was affected by the gold rush.
3: After reading the introduction I realized that the introduction does not really talk about the environment but more about the gold rush.
4: I chose the forest changes, it shares how because the rise of population during the gold rush it caused more houses to be built. With more houses being built is caused forest to be destroyed and cutting down trees.

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1) I enjoyed the introduction! As an audience, we find out that Martial wasn't the one who discovered the gold, but a native. The introduction discusses the possible controversy between who discovered the gold, when it was found, and where.
2) I chose to read the chapter titled  "5— Environmental Changes before and after the Gold Rush."
I picked this chapter because the sub chapters throughout discuss things I read about in the California History Textbook, so I figured I would be familiar with the topics.
3) After reading the introduction, I noticed that despite being about the environment, the intro seems to not talk about the environment at all. This shows that the environment was not taken into consideration much back then, sadly.
4) The subtopic I chose is about the Forest Changes, the third subtopic. Near the San Francisco Bay, Redwood trees were cut down and the Red Wood forest dissapeared entirely.

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The introduction  to this e-book explains the many aspects that there is to Gold Rush other than it just being gold fever and people getting wild over it. The chapter I choose for this was 4 because it focuses on environmental factors that changed during the Gold rush. I mostly ended up picking this chapter because it truly focused on how mostly the animals at the time were treated during and after the Golf Rush. My first impression of this chapter is that the grizzly bear is going to be a MAJOR topic spoken through out the subtopics of chapter 4 BUT it also focuses on other animals that are famously known to California like deer, beavers and seals. For my subtopic I choose wildlife changes; This topic talks about how animals and human had lots of interaction even prior to the Golf Rush events. There were the natives and how they incorpoorated the animals into their way of life. There is a specific group in which the Chumash people would use the animals as deities and considered them sacred in their culture. During the 20th century, there was a fight for many leathers such as seal and many would set up ports to grab these animals and kill them for their leather. This brought imbalance in the food chain in California for that period of time because there were less prey and more predators in the Californian ecosystem (specifically the marine and forests animals)

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1. My thoughts on reading the introduction of the book is that it gives a very good overview of the story of discovering gold and how that one little "metal"found in the river helped establish the reputation that California has today, and the innovations that came with the discovery of the gold.

2. I picked chapter 4, " We all live more like brutes than humans". I picked this chapter, because just by reading the title i can get an idea on what it is about, how many people idolized the gold rush, when really there was a dark side to the hunger for wealth.

3. My first expression after reading the chapter, is that is talks about how many historians "glorified"the gold rush, but really how it caused a decline in the fortunes for most miners, which caused an increase in social tensions between labor and capital.

4. It is significant that strikes and unions in California gold mines occurred after the first successful organizing wave by hardrock miners at the Comstock Lode in Nevada and that the major conflicts occurred at quartz mines employing a relatively large number of miners.  Many strikes didnt start due to the racial diversity between the workers, that they couldn't get the support from their community, and the isolation of their work.

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1. Something I find interesting about Chapter 8 is how many people left their fair jobs to go to California in search of gold.

2. I selected Chapter 8 because the name seemed exciting and how it could tie into the gold rush.

3. My first impression was the lots of information about how California was looked at like the Promise Land.

4. many people left their jobs, and hometowns to come to California in search of gold and the many opportunities California had to offer.

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think the introduction is very interesting because it gets to the point, which I like. It talks about who, where, when,and how gold was discovered in California which was  in 1848 by James Wilson Marshall, a master carpenter working at Sutter's Mill on the South Fork of the American River.  I picked chapter 8 “Seeing the elephant” it really just caught my attention cause of how unique the name of the chapter is and how much it stood out. After reading the introduction of the chapter I think once again it gets very straight to the point of what the chapter is going to be about which makes it way more interesting and easy to read. I thought it was really crazy and cool that so many people from all over the world went to California in search of gold. But the people the author talked about was In 1848, artist George Holbrook Baker joined a group of 11 other young gentlemen from Boston to form a mining company and travel to California to seek their fortune in gold. But after a lot of hardship and finding nothing Baker He left the mines after less than two weeks and went to Sacramento City, satisfied with having "seen the elephant," which was a popular expression at the time with various meanings. But I think the meaning of “seen the elephant” is like after seeing all the hype around something you're ready to go on to the next thing. There was no subtopic so I decided to give a summary about page 177. Page 177 talked about all the mental and physical hardship people dealed with. Drowning was common on the California Trail, with the Platte River claiming the most lives. It also talked about the overland trail which was a journey of over 2,000 miles and some five months, requiring both physical and mental toughness, with travelers facing various risks, including disease, accidents, and Indian attacks.

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1) The e-book introduction proved that the Gold Rush is such an important topic, and a huge part of our history yet there is so much information we do not know about. The promise of great wealth and opportunity in California attracted many, and "the world rushed in" as J. S. Holliday says. California soon became the home of the nation's most ethnically diverse population, due to all the interest in gold being found in California. I also read more into the whole phrase "Seeing the Elephant" and realized that it means that a man "sees the elephant" when he basically has given up all hope, has seen enough, and just wants to return home.

2) While reading through the list of titles, “Seeing the Elephant” stood out to me the most because it was the one that seemed to not belong.

3) After reading the introduction, I realized that a lot of people gave up their lives in search of benefiting off of the gold like many others were. For example Artist George Holbrook Baker caught the gold fever and moved to create a gold mining company in hopes for a large benefit.

4) With more than 30,000 seeking for gold, things got very competitive, in fact in 1849, 28 people lost their lives by the North Fork river in search of gold.

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1) I find it interesting that there are multiple supposed discoverers of gold in California. I believe I read in the text book that Marshall supposedly found gold by giving it to his wife who was making soap by boiling lye. The gold changed color and this is how he found out it was gold, as well as reading about it and putting the pieces together. It's very interesting that there are multiple stories though.
2) For my chapter I chose "Environmental changes before and after the gold rush". I chose it because the topic of environmental changes due to an event is pretty interesting event. We always talk about environmental changes or social changes due to events, but for once I'd like to know the impact this event had on the environment of California.
3) I like the perspective that the intro takes on the topic, as it mentions that most people's attention is diverted from the environmental impacts of the gold rush by the fun parts of it like having parades, dressing up as pioneers, and consuming alcohol. I don't ever celebrate the gold rush of all things, but it is interesting to know that a lot of people do, as well as the diversion it creates.
4) The subtopic of "Wildlife Changes" demonstrates the changes in animal wild life due to the influx of people during the gold rush. The wildlife, like bears, jaguars and otters were being killed and hunted. The Native Americans who were there only hunted for food, and would never waste any part of the animal since they respected them completely and coexisted with them. But the Spaniards and Russians would kill animals for profit and their skins since they become popular in other parts of the world. Their hunting was unethical.

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1.  Something interesting about the text is that historian Hubert Howe Bancroft contradicts the widely accepted fact that James Marshall discovered gold. Hubert wrote that a Native American mill worker actually discovered the gold instead of James Marshall.

2.  I chose Chapter 4 to learn about the different labor systems and how life was searching for gold.

3.  The gold rush help California both economically and technologically with the immigration of many fortune seekers.

4.  As I was reading, I noticed that many gold seekers had the help of indentured servants and slaves to search for gold. There was a diverse group of people who came to California in search of gold.

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1. I think the introduction is a good example of how inconsistent historical texts and evidence can be. It helps to explain what historical experts have to deal with when researching certain events throughout history. As huge as those events were at the time, records and documents may still be scarce.

2. I chose chapter 5: "Environmental Changes before and after the Gold Rush." I chose it because I want to know how those pressure mining tools (and other methods to find gold) impacted the environment.

3. The intro to this chapter explains that many miners during the Gold Rush had little regard for anything that got between them and the possibility of gold. This led to the destruction of the environment because basically nobody cared about the long-term effects it would leave on the state.

4. I chose subtopic 1: "Wildlife Changes." It describes how the Natives in California interacted with the wildlife based on the reports of early explorers and such. There was apparently a harmony between the Natives and the animals, with the wildlife described as being tame. This is especially true with bears, as there were Natives that went berry picking with the large creatures. After the Spanish came to CA, the relatively tame nature of the animals was less apparent.

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I learned that San Francisco was not the only area that contained gold, rather all throughout California mainly near river banks it was more commonly found. I chose chapter 3 because of the title, I wanted to learn how capitalism affected the Gold Rush era. After reading the chapter's intro, I found it interesting how community leaders and elected officers were the ones who ran the mining companies. Before the Gold Rush partnerships were a dominant form of commercial enterprise.

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1) What I found interesting about the introduction is learning that Marshall was not the first person to initially discover gold in California.
2) I chose chapter 5: Environmental Changes before and after the Gold Rush. I chose this chapter because I don't think I've learned much about the environmental impact of the Gold Rush and I thought it would be interesting to learn a little bit about it.
3) I found the disregard of the environment during the Gold Rush age interesting, but not surprising. The introduction states the severe disregard of the environment during the Gold Rush, because miners would do anything it took to get to the gold. If that meant damaging the environment and hurting animals, it was normalized and something that they found necessary in order to reach their goals.
4) In order for the miners during the Gold Rush to thrive and to continue working, they had to find ways to peacefully coexist with wildlife that roamed California, especially grizzly bears.

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1)It is a good way to start off a book and hook readers. It gives good information at the beginning and dates.

2)I chose chapter two(Making Old Tools Work Better) because the title is the most intriguing out of all of them. After reading a little it gives good information about the topic and is not too long.

3)My first impression is that the Gold Rush still impacts us today, especially the technology that we have used in the past and currently.

4)Some people chose to take risks in finding/mining gold because of all the economic instabilities that came with it. Working inn factories, this was a very laborious activity with a lot fo work.

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Something interesting about the introduction was that it wasn't Marshall who discovered the gold nugget like everyone had thought . I chose chapter five because it seemed the most interesting and I really wanted to know about the changes that happened with the Gold Rush. My first impression after reading the intro is how sad it was that there was no care or worries about ruining the environment when gold mining, all the people were just greedy and didn't care what they were doing to the land or the animals. The subtopic I chose was wildlife changes. The chapter pretty much just talked about how before people came to California and started hunting for fun and profit or killing for the Gold rush the animals lived at peace with the Indians.  The animals weren't wild like they are now and were pretty tame and lived in harmony with the Indians.

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I found the introduction interesting. It provided the information that it might have been a native who found the gold nugget on the sawmill. It doesn't surprise me that the introduction mentions a lot of contradictions when it comes to who and when gold was found in California. I chose chapter 4 to read. The title of the chapter is what got me to read it. The title starts with a quote, "We all live more like brutes than humans." The first paragraph of the chapter starts talking about how glamorized the gold rush was and it wasn't all good and a great time as historians depicted. The subtropic in this chapter that I read was called
"Why they Went." As the title suggests, it explained why some many people migrated to California during the gold rush. A huge factor was of course the tempting notion that you will strike rich in the mines, but what led them to chase that wealth. The decline of the agriculture industry in the northeastern section of the United States left farmers struggling. Historians also agree that the ideologies associated with laissez-faire encourage this mass migration. The access of ports, modes of transportation, and connection to global trade lured people to California.

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1. I think the intro is a bit boring because it is very informative. It starts off with a lot of facts about the Gold Rush, maybe too many.

2. Chapter 4: "We all live more like brutes than humans": Labor and Capital in the Gold Rush. I chose this chapter because I want to understand more of the quote and it's meaning.

3. My first impression is that the book will be boring but it will be loaded with information about CA and how it became a state.

4. The miners fight back section. It talks about how there weren't so many strikes before the 1st major Labor strike occured. It also talks about why the 1st major strike occured and where it occured. It occured in the Grass Valley in 1869.

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The e-books introduction was interesting because it talked about what happened before Gold Rush. I chose chapter 4 named "we all live more like brutes than humans" because I want to know what his phrase meant. I think that this chapter would be interesting because of what the intro had to say. the subtopic I selected is The Miners Fight Back: Strikes and Unions. This subtopic talks about the strikes of California gold miners were sporadic until 1869, due to itinerant workers, isolation, animosities, absentee mine ownership, and lack of experience with strikes and unions.

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1.My thoughts on the introduction of this introduction book is that it was very foward and direct.I however am iffy about Marshall being the first person ever to find gold.I feel as though there is something off about Marshalls story.I also feel like the introduction helped me gain a better understanding of why  finding gold was so important worldwide.

2.The chapter i chose is evaluation,I chose this chapter because it seemed interesting and because it was short.

3.My first impression after reading the intro was that this book would help me if i ever need to do a project on the gold rush.

4.¨evolution¨ To summarize this chapter up,it basically states the enviromental effects the gold rush caused.For example the mining affected the grasslands.Another example,the migration of the gold rush caused a great demand for milk,meat,wool,hides and many other livestock products.

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1) I found it interesting how the people of California during that time knew of gold already but they didn't think anything of it. But once Marshall made the "discovery" and announced it, it became this big thing where people all over the world started traveling here. What also stood out to me was that most of the people that were traveling to the golden state were people with little education and nut much going with their life.
2) The chapter I selected is chapter 2. I chose this chapter because it goes over the development of mining tools during that time. I'm curious to see how they came up with things to help them during this time because I'm sure they came up with a whole lot of new technology.
3) After reading the intro I got excited because it is comparing the advancements to the advancements that we have today. Like, with computers, phones, house accessories, cars, etc. It tells us how the advancements are/were unpredictable and just really helped back then.
4) The topic I picked is, "American Mining Technology at Mid-century." It conveys that during this time science and technology merged together and shot up in terms of material growth. Because of the Gold Rush, the next fifty years had a magnificent change in the mining industry as the industrial revolution took place as well. Transportation, consumer goods, new sources of power, etc. all increased.

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1.) The introduction was very interesting through the description of how many believed that the gold nuggets were just tall tales during the first reports of gold.
2.) I choose Chapter 4 to learn about the working conditions at the time.
3.)My first impression is that the gold rush was seen as an opportunity for a fortune for the common man.
4.) People choose to take risks in looking for gold due to economic instability working in factories where hours were long and labor intensive.

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Some thing I read in the introduction was that the participants in the gold discovery were simple people who had little education and felt little incentive to keep written records. I picked Chapter 3, Environmental Changes before and after the Gold Rush because I wanted to know what happened after. My first impression after reading the intro to the chapter was that it was crazy that there wasn't really no concern for the environment. Anything that stood in the way of the gold seeker was pushed aside or even destroyed. The Gold Rush is to blame for starting the process of environmental damage in California. The subtopics I chose were Forest Changes. Redwood forests were cut down in the hills surrounding San Francisco Bay, and the forest soon disappeared. There was also a removal of pine forests east of Lake Tahoe

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1) I think the discovery of gold initially by somebody other than Marshall was the most interesting, however this theme is common throughout history so it did not surprise me.
2) I selected chapter 5: Environmental changes before and after the Gold Rush- I chose this chapter because it seems the most intriguing.
3) I am pretty surprised by the topic of celebration and alcohol being brought up immediately in a chapter about the environment.
4)Habitat destruction, water pollution, and other intense environmental changes and issues caused by the use of technology during the Gold Rush left a profound impact on wildlife, both animals and plants, and their ecosystems during this time.

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I learned something. Ever since I was young I was told that Marshall discovered the first gold on Sutter's Mill. However, this chapter contradicts that. It tells a story about how a native Indian might have found it. I picked the chapter called "I am resolved not to interfere, but permit all to work freely":
The Gold Rush and American Resource Law." I picked this chapter because I hope to learn about some laws and rules during the Gold Rush. In the introduction I learned the people coming to California for the Gold Rush were corrupt. They were mining illegally on government land. Yet, they proceeded to make their own rules and boundaries.
"Water Law"
Miners could use water as long as it was beneficial. This led to the destruction of dams, the draining of rivers and ravines, and injuries.  Water companies formed to make money on the miners. The miners would go against court laws and government laws. They did what they wanted, not what was legal.

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Something interesting about the introduction is that a native originally found a gold nugget and not Marshall. I choose chapter number 4 because the title interested me. After reading the introduction my fist impression is to read more because some of the things they talk about i haven't heard before. the sub-chapter that i chose talks about the life of the men who mined. it talks about the equal opportunity that there was because nothing was guaranteed even if you weren't a minority. it also talked about the tools that were used to mine and how some of them required multiple men to be able to use it.

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1) I find it interesting how Marshall was not the first one to discover gold in California, since other people had found gold as well, but regarded it with little interest.
2) Making Old Tools Work Better: Pragmatic -Adaptation and Innovation in Gold-Rush Technology // I chose this one because it was the first chapter I saw when looking at the index.
3) The Gold Rush helped technological improvements in mining and rapid change is inevitable and unpredictable.
4) The Legacy of California's Gold-Rush Technology // After the rush, in the late 1850s industrial mining had started a new era, with thing such as new technology mining for lower-grade massive deposits and substantial capital investment. However, in smaller mines, technological improvements were slower, mostly because high-grade ore extraction was the main focus in those mines. John Hittell says that California miners might have not been the "heroic architects of western technology" in a publication he wrote in 1861.

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1. I find it surprising that the discovery of gold in California wasn't truly recorded and many people claim that different person discovered gold in California for the first time.

2. I chose The Gold Rush and the Beginnings of California Industry because I want to read about how the Gold rush affected California's industries.

3. I find it interesting that right before the Gold rush California's population was on a decline and so were the ranchos/missions there. I found that interesting because I thought that they were doing fine right before the Gold Rush

4. The sub chapter The California Economy on the Eve of the Gold Rush explains how the population of California impacts its economy. It talks about how before the Gold Rush the population was steadily declining and so was the economy with cattle sold for $4-6.  During/after the Gold Rush the population increased drastically and the cost of things also went up.

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1) What are your thoughts on the introduction of this e-book?
2) Select ONE chapter - Why did you pick that chapter?
3) After reading the intro, what is your first impression?
4) Select ONE subtopic from that chapter and summarize its contents.
5) Insert a picture that represents the topic that you learned about.
6) Change the color of your post