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Confucius, renowned as Kong Fuzi or Kongzi, stands as a towering figure in ancient Chinese history, philosophy, and culture. This erudite philosopher, educator, and statesman devoted his life to unraveling the complexities of human morality, governance, and social harmony.

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Confucius is China's most well-known educator, philosopher, and political theorist, whose concepts have had a significant impact on both Chinese and other East Asian civilizations.

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Chinese literature stretches back to the hieroglyphics utilized between 1700 and 1050 BC throughout the time of the Shang Dynasty. The literature of ancient China is a broad discipline with an extensive history that can be traced during the five periods, including the ancient period (Pre-Qin Dynasty), in which the earliest Chinese writings were found on oracle bones and bronze vessels. Next is the classical period (Han Dynasty to Tang Dynasty), in which Confucianism emerged and substantially influenced Chinese literature. Moreover, the third period is known as the Song Dynasty, which was characterized by the strong influence of Neo-Confucianism in Chinese literature. Further, the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties marked the flourishing of drama, the revival of classical poetry, and the production of notable works. Lastly, the modern era was characterized by the influence of western ideas on Chinese writers.

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A Wife Mourns for Her Husband by Confucius

This poem details the pain of losing someone and the power of unconditional love.

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Wife
A widowed woman is mourning in the grave of her husband

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Remembering loved ones

True and unconditional love

Crying and mourning

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Never forget the people that have become a big part of your life. Treasure them as much as you can even they have passed away already but before someone passes away, always let them feel how much you love them so there will be no regrets when the time comes.

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This poem captured my heart and tapped my emotions. It imparted to me that loving someone unconditionally means loving them wherever they are, even if they are no longer here physically, the love will remain the way it used to be. Further, this literary piece also opened my eyes to the reality that losing someone we loved is painful; we cannot really move forward for their passing, but we are just getting used to it and we are just living with the hope that someday we can reunite with them in the afterlife.

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The Five Classics and Four Books have played a crucial role in shaping the ethical, intellectual, and cultural foundation of Chinese society, and their influence can still be felt in various aspects of modern Chinese life.

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1. Classic of Poetry (詩經 or Shijing): The poems cover a wide range of themes, including love, nature, politics, and morality.

2. Classic of Documents (尚書 or Shangshu): These documents cover topics like political principles, governance, ethics, and social customs.

3. Classic of Rites (禮記 or Liji): The text provides detailed descriptions of various rituals, from daily life to important state ceremonies.

4. Classic of Changes (易經 or Yijing): It has been used for divination, guidance, and philosophical contemplation throughout Chinese history.

5. Spring and Autumn Annals (春秋 or Chunqiu): It provides a concise account of major political and military events.

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1. Great Learning (大學 or Daxue): It emphasizes the importance of maintaining social harmony by starting with personal improvement.

2. Doctrine of the Mean (中庸 or Zhongyong): It advocates for avoiding extremes and finding balance in all aspects of life.

3. Analects of Confucius (論語 or Lunyu): It offers insights into Confucius's teachings on ethics, education, governance, and the virtues of a noble person.

4. Mencius (孟子 or Mengzi): The book elaborates on Confucian ideas and focuses on the inherent goodness of human nature.

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Overall, the Five Classics and Four Books have played a crucial role in shaping the ethical, intellectual, and cultural foundation of Chinese society, and their influence can still be felt in various aspects of modern Chinese life.

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The five classics and four books have shown us the richness of the ethical, intellectual, and cultural foundations of Chinese society. It offers an avenue for us to learn more about the insights and teachings of Confucius. Confucius is one of the Chinese writers that I like because of his incomparable wisdom, which leaves a remarkable influence in many countries around the world. Moreover, this literary piece explores the teachings of Confucius, which were helpful towards building social harmony, righteousness, and good governance. By exploring this book, you can gain wisdom that will help you practically in life.