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John Macdonald first prime minister of Canada.

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Canada like the United States wanted to expand Westward, in the 1800s. As Canada grew to leaders John Macdonald and George-Etienne Cartier wanted a Confederation. They wanted a Confederation because as the United States kept growing they thought the U.S was going to dominate Canada. So they built the Confederation with Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, British Columbia, and Upper and Lower Canada's. It took some convincing, but in 1867 Britain agreed to the plan and passed the British North America Act and the Dominion of Canada was made.

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George-Etienne Cartier Minister of Militia and Defence, June 1871.  

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During the conference the Father of Confederation was going to call Canada the "Kingdom of Canada." But the British Government thought the name would offend the United States and with the tension of the Civil War the British decided to change it. From New Brunswick, Leonard Tilley Came up with the idea "Dominion of Canada" he thought of it because it came from the Bible from Psalm 72:8 that is how they came up with the name "Dominion of Canada."

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Samuel Leonard Tilley, Brought New Brunswick into the Confederation.

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John Macdonald was the first prime minister of Canada he was born 10 or 11 of January 1815 in Glasgow, Scotland died June 6 of 1891 in Ottawa. Macdonald was the one who created the British North America Act. His government ruled politics for a long time, while he was prime minister he set policy goals for generations to come. Macdonald's parents brought him to Canada when he was 5 years old he grew up in Kingston. He went to two different schools one of them being Midland District Grammar School, the other school John went to was a private school in Kingston he learn rhetoric, Latin, Greek, Arithmetic, and geography. When Macdonald was 17 he worked at a branch of legal office at 19 he opened his own office in Kingston. From then on John Macdonald worked in law with different partners for the rest of his life.

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George Cartier was born September 6th 1814 in Saint-Antoine that is in Lower Canada, he died May 20th 1873 in London, England. Cartier was the first prime minister of Militia and Defence. Also Cartier was in charge of bringing French Canada and British Columbia into the Dominion. George Cartier came from a wealthy family of grain exporters and millers George graduated from the school Sulpician. But in 1835 he joined the radicals to fight against a small group of officials. In 1837 Cartier was fighting in a battle called the battle of St.Denis after almost dying Cartier returned to Canada and practiced law in Montreal. In 1841 hr became Louis Hippolyte LaFontaine Campaign Manager. In 1848 Cartier decided to run and he won, he was a Liberal Reformer in Vercheres. After Cartier moved to Montreal East in 1861 he soon became a co-premier with John Macdonald.

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I chose this topic because it is interesting to me to see how a country can form. When I was reading about this topic I thought there was going to be a war between two people and that is how they would decide who gets Canada like the Colonies and Britain. But when I started to do more research I learned it was just two people who started to expand Canada and get help from other people. When I learned that it was just two people who started the expansion of Canada I thought that it had to be hard to expand Canada and get a group together to get on board with the idea. Also I thought of how Britain and the colonies were together and then had a war so after the war and the British lost did they move to Canada and help them right after. When I was researching my project I really enjoyed learning about the Dominion of Canada and Padlet made it very easy to do so.

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“Canada Day.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 9 Feb. 2010, https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/canadian-independence-day.

“Discover Your Legislature.” 1867 - Dominion of Canada Created, July 1, https://www.leg.bc.ca/dyl/Pages/1867-Dominion-of-Canada-Created-July-1.aspx.

“Dominion of Canada.” The Canadian Encyclopedia, www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/dominion. Accessed 12 Oct. 2022.

Published by Dennis Gruending Dennis Gruending is an author and blogger and a former Member of Parliament based in Ottawa, et al. “Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine on Self Government, 1840.” Great Canadian Speeches, 9 Nov. 2019, https://greatcanadianspeeches.ca/2019/08/18/louis-hippolyte-lafontaine-on-self-government-1840/.

“Sir George-Étienne Cartier.” The Canadian Encyclopedia, https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-george-etienne-cartier.

“Sir John A. Macdonald.” The Canadian Encyclopedia, https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-john-alexander-macdonald.

“Sir Samuel Leonard Tilley.” The Canadian Encyclopedia, https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-samuel-leonard-tilley.