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We often take our ability to enjoy the varied colors of nature for granted. Statistics show that 1 in 12 men and 1 in 200 women can't fully distinguish these colors due to a condition called color blindness. This condition affects around 300 million people globally.

Color blindness used to be an untreatable and debilitating condition. But now, colored lenses and colorblind glasses are available to help you cope with color blindness effectively.

Although these glasses can't permanently cure color blindness, they can compensate for your vision deficiencies, leading to an improved quality of life.

Once this technology is fully developed and the glasses can be mass-produced at low costs, the prices could eventually stabilize.

Colorblind glasses are currently priced at around $200 to $250, but they can cost as much as $450 or higher. Clip-on versions of these glasses are also available for lower prices of less than $100. Comparatively, colorblind glasses for children are much more affordable.

Colorblind glasses are usually not covered by health insurance because they don't affect your overall health and aren't considered necessary. But these expenses could be covered through funding plans like a flexible spending account or health savings account.

In certain cases, the expense of colorblind glasses could even be partially covered under the insurance for general prescription glasses, but you may need to confirm this with your insurance provider.

So, are colorblind glasses worth it? There is no clear-cut answer to this question, as there are many factors that you need to consider before making a decision. These factors include the type and severity of your color blindness, your age, your activities, the cause of your color blindness, and your financial condition. Colorblind glasses may also lower your night vision and might not be suitable for outdoor activities like driving.

A wide range of styles of indoor and outdoor colorblind glasses with or without a prescription are available today.

Choose the best colorblind glasses for you only after adequate research and a consultation with your health care provider.

Colorblind glasses don't treat your eyes directly. They're spectacles with specialized tinted lenses that can improve the accuracy of recognizing and distinguishing colors.

The human eye contains three photopigments - red, blue, and green - in the receptors of the retina. These receptors detect the different wavelengths of colored light and send signals to the brain. The brain then deciphers this information and sends you feedback to help you identify and distinguish colors. You then perceive a precise visual image.

Colorblind people either lack some photopigments or have photopigments that don't function as well as they're supposed to. Colorblind glasses increase the vibrancy of objects by increasing the saturation of the colors that you find difficult to identify. These enhanced hues can make it easier to differentiate between the various colors of your surroundings.

Anyone with a mild to moderate degree of color blindness can benefit from wearing colorblind glasses. But these glasses can't help if you have extremely severe color blindness or if you can't see any colors at all. This is because colorblind glasses only improve the color saturation of the surroundings, so a baseline level of color perception is necessary for them to work.

Colorblind glasses usually don't require a prescription. They act like sunglasses in terms of limiting your field of vision.

Recent research suggests that the long-term use of colorblind glasses could improve the eye's response to these lenses, resulting in greater effectiveness of wearing colorblind glasses.

Colorblind glasses can be quite expensive because they're a newly developed technology that requires costly materials. Research is still ongoing in this field, and companies that make and sell these glasses direct most of the money they charge for them toward funding more studies to optimize this technology.

Color blindness is a condition in which some of the color-sensing receptors (i.e., the retinal cones) in your eye don't function properly or are absent, leading to an inability to see or distinguish between certain colors.

The degree of color blindness can range from mild to severe. The complete inability to see any colors except white, black, and gray is called achromatopsia. But this is rare. In most cases, you can still see colors, but they appear dull or muted.

You can inherit color blindness from your parents. This type is more common in men. Women are usually carriers of the condition, which means that they don't experience symptoms but can pass color blindness on to their children.

It can also occur due to injury to your optic nerve. Color blindness is associated with certain conditions like glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, and diabetic retinopathy, which involve optic nerve damage. Some medications or toxic chemicals can also result in color blindness as a side effect.

Human color vision requires the presence and proper functioning of the red, blue, and green photopigments in the eye.

The three main types of color blindness are red-green color blindness, blue-yellow color blindness, and total color blindness ( achromatopsia).

Red-green color blindness occurs when you can't distinguish between red and green. It is subcategorized into four types:

1. Protanopia. This involves an absence of red cones, so you won't be able to perceive red color.

2. Deuteranopia. This involves an absence of green cones, making it difficult to perceive green color.

3. Protanomaly. This involves a decreased ability to perceive red light. Red appears greenish and muted.

4. Deuteranomaly. This is the most common type and involves a decreased ability to perceive green light. Green appears red in this case.

Blue-yellow color blindness occurs when you can't distinguish between blue and yellow. It is subcategorized into two types:

1. Tritanopia. This involves an absence of blue cones. You can't tell the difference between blue and green, purple and red, and yellow and pink.

2. Tritanomaly. This is extremely rare and involves a decreased ability to perceive blue light. You can't differentiate blue from green and yellow from red.

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Find out what you need to know about color blindness, its types, and how you can use colorblind glasses for this condition.

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How Do Colorblindness Glasses Work? | Sharp HealthCare

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Colorblindness glasses enhance the colors a person has trouble perceiving.

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There are two main types of color blindness. Deutan and Protan. Deutan is the most common form but the best way to know for sure is to have your giftee take our color blind test here.

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An average person with normal vision typically sees millions of shades of color. In the eyes of someone with color blindness, there is a greater overlap of the red and green cones' sensitivity, reducing the number of shades seen to just a fraction of that and causing frequent color confusion.

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How Common is Color Blindness?

1 in 12 men have some form of color blindness compared to 1 in 200 women, with a total estimate of around 350 million people world wide.

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Robopets are artificially intelligent machines created to look like an animal (usually a cat or dog, but they can be any animal). There are numerous robopets on the market right now, being sold to consumers as "pets" or companions. There is an especially fervent effort being made to set caregivers' minds at ease by buying these robopets for older adults to replace their deceased or surrendered companion animals.

Animal lovers will tell you they would rather have nothing than have a robot for a pet. While a robopet can be programmed to simulate the actions of a real animal, people know it is fake.

There should be a pivot from the companion-based marketing strategy for robopets - which has deep ethical issues associated with replacing emotional bonding between living beings - to address the needs currently being met by service animals.

In my research on the effects of the human-animal bond on human health, participants point out the reciprocal nature of their relationship with pets. The human showers the animal with love, yummy food, cuddles, scratches and pats, and the animal, in turn, responds with unconditional love. The vast majority also say that the non-human animals in their lives are family members, integral to their happiness and well-being.

It is condescending to present an adult with a robot and suggest that it will take the place of a loved one - whether that loved one is human or non-human.

New markets

However, there is a huge and, as of yet, untapped market for robopets and other social robots to perform the role of service robots. Let's call them Serv-U-Bots. These personal service robots are different from those developed to replace humans in some manufacturing and service sectors.

Serv-U-Bots would be much like a robotpet - small, portable and intended for personal use - and would employ many of the technologies already built into social robots. These onboard sensors could include cameras for observation, microphones for audio recording, temperature sensors, communication technologies and even autonomous motion, moving around based on programming rather than human input.

Serv-U-Bots would be programmed to replace service animals, which are currently raised and trained to support human mobility and independence. However, this is an expensive endeavour.

Many organizations that provide service animals have breeding programs, training facilities and huge budgets that are subsidized by donors or get charged back to governments, insurers or families. The Canadian Guide Dogs for the Blind graduates approximately 23 dogs per year from its training program, at an average operating cost of more than $74,300 per dog.

These dogs are not considered pets by the organizations that breed and train them. They are service dogs, trained to provide assistance. If their current placement ends due to death of the person they were helping or for other reasons, they are generally returned to the organization for another placement.

Robots as service animals

But what about replacing service dogs with Serv-U-Bots: social robots that are programmed to perform service related functions? We have the technological know-how to create Serv-U-Bots that can increase independence through programming that can provide an alert if the toast is burning, the kettle boiling, the doorbell ringing and so on. They could even take on the functions of medical alert dogs which can detect medical issues such as a seizure or low blood sugar, or alert the user to the presence of allergens.

Serv-U-Bots could even support older adults to continue to enjoy the companionship of animals by feeding them, checking that they have water and even cleaning the litter box.

If an automobile can be programmed to drive itself, avoiding obstacles and life forms, why not program a Serv-U-Bot to guide people around the city? They could also be programmed to facilitate actual interactions with living beings. This technology can save and enrich lives and help people to be mobile.

Serv-U-Bots would be able to support the independence and mobility needs of humans without exploiting non-human animals.

__________________________________________________________________________

L.F. Carver, Assistant Professor, Queen's University.

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

The Conversation is seeking new academic contributors. Researchers wishing to write articles should contact Melinda Knox, Associate Director, Research Profile and Initiatives, at knoxm@queensu.ca.

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Don't try to replace pets with robots - design them to be more like service animals

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Robopets are artificially intelligent machines created to look like an animal (usually a cat or dog, but they can be any animal). There are numerous robopets on the market right now, being sold to consumers as "pets" or companions.

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This project is about building a new mechanism that ensures the safety of wheelchair users going up and down an escalator. This is done by modifying the current escalators bed (upper layer in which we place our foot). The main concern of wheelchair users going upward on an escalator is a small backward force on the wheelchair or instability results in a very bad accident and could flip the wheelchair backward. So usually peoples on the wheelchair grab the handrails tight going upward and downward. This is very risky because if the hands of the percent slip we are looking at some serious damage. Aside from this risk, it is not comfortable on the ride and many public services are not still easily accessible for wheelchair users.

This project solves this problem. This project is about building a new mechanism that ensures the safety of wheelchair users going up and down an escalator by modifying the current escalators bed (upper layer in which we place our foot). Since the main concern of escalators for a wheelchair is buckling, we will give the mechanism anchoring mechanism. Since using a manual attaching and detaching mechanism is very time consuming and is not applicable for places where there are many users of the escalators, I have designed an automatic anchoring bed which works on a spring mechanism. As seen in the figure the bed is made up of many small rectangular rods that have spring in each one of them. The spring goes up and down according to pressure difference exerted on them. Also, the strength of the spring is made to be different on the forward force and backward force. Meaning for escalator going up the backward force of the bed of escalator is very high acting as an anchor for wheels of the wheelchair to prevent it from going backward when moving up. And for escalator going down the forward force of the bed of escalator is very high acting as an anchor for wheels of the wheelchair to prevent it from going forward when moving down. The mechanism will work perfectly as intended and there are no problems that will be caused by using this mechanism.

All the design has been done and all the calculation has been done and it checks out. The next step is building the prototype.

For more information please visit https://www.globalinnovationexchange.org/innovation/escalator-which-ensures-safety-of-wheelchair-users

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Escalator which Ensures Safety of Wheelchair Users

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The Create the Future Design Contest was launched in 2002 by the publishers of NASA Tech Briefs magazine to help stimulate and reward engineering innovation. The annual event has attracted more than 8,000 product design ideas from engineers, entrepreneurs, and students worldwide.

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Who Needs a Wheelchair?

Kids can need wheelchairs for many different reasons. Some have had injuries either to their legs or spine, which controls leg movement. Others have disabilities due to muscular dystrophy or cerebral palsy. In some cases, kids have wheelchairs but don't need to use them all the time. For example, they might be able to walk with the aid of crutches or a walker sometimes.

What Does a Wheelchair Do?

Today's wheelchairs are light, fast, and easy to use. Many use computer technology and offer better support for a person's back, neck, head, and legs. They also include safety features such as automatic brakes and anti-tipping devices.

Power wheelchairs have many advantages for kids who need them. Electronic controllers can help a kid who uses a wheelchair drive smoothly, brake easily, and make the wheelchair move with the touch of a hand or even by puffing on a special straw! Some hand controllers look like a joystick used to play video games and are easy to operate.

What's Life Like?

Kids who use wheelchairs usually fall into two categories: kids who use them for a short time (for instance, kids who broke a leg or had surgery) and those who use them for a long time, or permanently. Even though kids who use a wheelchair for a short time may feel frustrated or sad about relying on others to get around, they know that someday the wheelchair won't be necessary.

For kids who depend on a wheelchair for the long term, life is different. They'll need to learn how to use the wheelchair in lots of different situations - at home, in school, while away on vacation. In some cases, it will be hard to use the wheelchair or it might take a long time. That can be frustrating, but wheelchairs are getting better all the time.

People who use wheelchairs can shop, work, go to school, play, drive cars - even compete in some special types of sports competitions. But they also must look for handicapped-accessible buildings, special ramps, parking places, and environments that are wheelchair-friendly.

Sometimes, a person who uses a wheelchair may be teased, feel left out, or get treated differently than other kids. So the next time you see a kid using a wheelchair, try to be a friend. Usually, kids in wheelchairs don't need to be pushed around, but they might need other kinds of help. Opening a door or clearing the path will be appreciated.

But the best help of all is to be kind and friendly and not to tease or stare. People who use wheelchairs are the same as everyone else. They just get around on wheels instead of feet!

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Wheelchairs are a way for some people to be independent, despite illnesses or injuries. Find out more in this article for kids.

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Home Sweet (Accessible) Home by Bridget Rolek As parents of children with disabilities and medical complexities, our daily lives are complicated by the reality that the homes we live in do not meet our needs.

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Together We Can Make the World More Accessible for All

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Together We Can Make the World More Accessible for All by Amanda Upton I have always thought the idea of accessibility was good, but if you would have asked me before becoming a mom of children with medical needs what accessibility meant, I would have probably talked just about wheelchair ramps.

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No Elevator, no problem...(?) - Accessible Japan

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What happens for a wheelchair user when there is no elevator at a train station in Japan? Wheelchair stair lifts, climbers, and even escalators are waiting.

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People with impaired mobility who move around in wheelchairs, people who are transporting bulky loads and all other users will be able to travel upwards and downwards without assistance using the innovative escalator designed by Jesús Sánchez, a student at the School of Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering of Terrassa (ETSEIAT) of the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC).

The new escalator design was developed for a final thesis and received awards from the College of Industrial Engineers of Catalonia and the Universia Foundation. It affords savings of energy, construction materials and installation costs.

Conventional escalators do not completely solve accessibility problems for people with impaired mobility such as people using a wheel chair, the elderly, and people with pushchairs or bulky loads. Escalators are just another obstacle that these people have to avoid, often with the help of other people, which requires a great deal of effort and wasted time. ETSEIAT student Jesús Sánchez has designed a new escalator that all users can use self-sufficiently for his final thesis, which was directed by lecturer David Huguet.
How the escalator works
Jesús Sánchez began with an initial concept that is similar to the current escalator design but on which he has made a series of outstanding innovations. Users without impaired mobility will be able to use the escalator in the same way as they use the current ones. However, when a person with impaired mobility who uses a wheelchair needs to use the escalator, he or she will press a button to make three stairs of the escalator move together vertically to form a flat platform that can accommodate the wheelchair. Once the user is on the platform with the wheelchair perfectly positioned the escalator will move until the user reaches the end. When the user leaves the escalator, the platform will convert back into three independent stairs.

Jesús Sánchez has also thought of a remote command system for people with disabilities who due to physical limitations would not be able to press a button to activate the platform. This innovative escalator design also incorporates light and acoustic signal systems to enable people with vision or hearing impairments to use it.

User safety is another important element of the design. The escalator includes a backup battery system to supply energy in the case of a power cut when the user is in the middle of the trip so that the user will always be able to reach their destination without problems.
Energy and cost savings
The stair belt that moves between the upper and lower levels of the slope is the same for the ascent as it is for the descent. That is, it works with a closed circuit, similar to the luggage transporters at airports, but on a slope, which means the same escalator can be used for transporting people in both directions. Current escalators require one installation for ascent and another for descent because the stair belt is designed for movement in a single direction only. According to the creator of the innovative design, "the main technical difficulty that I had to overcome was to find a way to make the stairs turn at the end of the slopes, but in the end I managed it".

The system designed by Jesús Sánchez saves on energy and the costs of installation and materials when compared with current systems. He reckons that the energy saving obtained will be 30% compared with current escalators and that the economic saving will be 35%. "Often municipal councils and companies think of lifts as the way to provide access for people with disabilities who have impaired mobility, but my system is cheaper and more sustainable than installing a lift. It is a design that solves accessibility problems in areas with slopes, where the typical solution would be to install steps and, although this is often very expensive or practically impossible, a lift", says Jesús Sánchez.
5.6 million people with mobility difficulties
This is a much-needed design because in Spain today there are 3.5 million people with some kind of disability and 5.6 million people who have difficulty walking up or down stairs. Other beneficiaries might be people with circumstantial mobility difficulties caused by a shopping cart, pushchair, ambulance stretcher, etc. For this reason, Jesús Sánchez and lecturer David Huguet from the UPC Terrassa Campus got to work on designing a new concept in escalators that is suitable for all users.
A patented design seeking investors
At this time the author has already received the award for the most creative final thesis at the ETSEIAT from the College of Industrial Engineers of Catalonia. The design is also patented and now investors must be found to fund the construction of this innovative escalator.

More information: http://www.upc.edu/saladepremsa

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disability; elder care; healthy aging; today's healthcare; construction; energy technology; engineering and construction; civil engineering

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Student Designs Innovative Escalator That Is Accessible To All Users

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People with impaired mobility who move around in wheelchairs, people who are transporting bulky loads and all other users will be able to travel upwards and downwards without assistance using the innovative escalator designed by Jesús Sánchez, an industrial engineering student in Spain.