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Pain or aching in the feet, especially in the heel or arch

Swelling along the inside of the ankle

Fatigue or pain in legs after standing or walking for long periods

Difficulty standing on tiptoe

Uneven wear on shoes

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Genetic predisposition (present from childhood)

Weakening of tendons and ligaments with age

Injury or trauma to the foot or ankle

Obesity or pregnancy (increased pressure on the arches)

Medical conditions such as arthritis or diabetes

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Doctors usually diagnose fallen arches with a physical examination of the foot and ankle. Tests may include:

Observation of foot alignment while standing or walking

Asking the patient to stand on tiptoes

Imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI to evaluate bone and tendon structure

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Supportive shoes and custom orthotic inserts to relieve pain

Stretching and strengthening exercises for foot and ankle muscles

Weight management to reduce stress on the arches

Pain relief with rest, ice, or anti-inflammatory medications

In severe cases, surgical intervention to repair or reconstruct the arch

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Mayo Clinic. "Flatfeet." https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/flatfeet

American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. "Flatfoot." https://www.foothealthfacts.org/conditions/flatfoot