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GROUP 1: IDOLS OF THE MIND

Francis Bacon created the "Idols of the Mind" to explain the false thought patterns that prevent individuals from seeing reality. He called them idols because they defy human logic and act like illusions. Bacon made a distinction between four types of idols. All people make mistakes, including superstition and trusting our senses when they are not speaking the truth. These are the Idols of the Tribe. Errors that are unique to each person due to their own experiences, education, or tastes that influence how they view the world are known as idols of the cave. Every individual's "cave" influences how they view the world. Communication errors are discussed in The Idols of the Marketplace. Examples of this originate from typical linguistic misconceptions that tend to change, combine, or intensify the meaning of various sentences into something they shouldn't be. Idols of the theatre are misconceptions that we blindly adopt by deferring to customs, ideologies, or authorities. Ideas are performed without question, much like actors on stage. These "scripts" deflect us from reality by limiting our capacity for autonomous thought and evidence-based reasoning. Bacon emphasized the need to overcome these idols through critical thinking and observation to achieve true knowledge.

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GROUP 5: "KNOWLEDGE IS POWER"

Alimorong, Shannia Avryl

Espiritu, Glynne

Quiña, Elijah Jude

Valera, Mark Daniel

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Group 2 - Empiricism

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Group #3 - 'True Knowledge'

Growing up, most of us believed nearly everything elders told us—accepting information without testing it ourselves. Francis Bacon defined true knowledge as knowing things as they truly are, not as they are colored by belief or bias. It is built on S.E.E.—Skepticism, Experience, and Experimentation. As our mnemonic suggests, we too must see things for ourselves rather than blindly accepting what ancient books or tradition say.

However, observation alone is not enough, as it is prone to human biases or “idols” of thought. Knowledge becomes true only when grounded in empirical evidence. For example, as children we were told that swallowing watermelon seeds would cause a plant to grow in our stomachs—but experience taught us that this was impossible, as plants need soil and sunlight.

True knowledge frees us from erroneous ideas and misconceptions, allows better decision-making, and requires constant challenge and examination. More importantly, it solves problems and fosters discoveries that benefit mankind.

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Group 4 - 'Novum Organum'

“Novum Organum” is the contradictory idea of Francis Bacon to Aristotle’s deductive method where in he wants to prove that knowledge should be constructed with a trustworthy foundation of empirical evidence that can be taken with careful observation and experimentation. This is the book wherein he introduced the method of induction, in which we draw general observations from specific experiments and observations. It was Francis Bacon’s breakthrough idea of a new tool for gaining true knowledge, relying on hands-on observation and inductive thinking instead of old-school logic, and meant to push humanity forward. This laid the foundation for the scientific revolution, as it laid the groundwork for modern scientific methodology. It marked a shift from reliance on authority and tradition to evidence and reason.

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Group 17 - Knowledge

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