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The style of art in Brazil was baroque art.

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Realism was a very popular art form during the Italian Unification

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Romanesque and gothic art were very popular in Germany

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When the German unification started Germany was split into hundreds of different states. Early on some of the people of Germany formed the German confederation to try and tame the rivalry between Austria and Prussia as well as unify some of the states. They did not succeed and the confederation dissolved. Prussia ended up beating the Austrians which meant they took leadership of the German states. The king of Prussia appointed Otto Von Bismark who united Germany through "Blood and iron." Bismark beat the Austrians once again which united the north and south. Bismark also went on to expand the German empire to other continents.

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Count Cavour used the ideas of real politic to unify Italy. Count Cavour had control of Piedmont at the time. He had a three step plan. His first part was to make Piedmont stronger-he succeeded. The second part was to find allies and unify the north-he succeeded. And the last part was to finish the unification. During the last step he ran into Giuseppe Garaibaldi. Garaibaldi was trying to unify the south at the same time Cavour was unifying the north. He was also succeeding at unifying the south. Garaibaldi conquered Sicily which unified most of the south of Italy. Cavour then went to Italy and told him to stop. He did stop and the two powers decided to unify the south and the north which then unified Italy

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The Italian unification came shortly after Napoleonic times. Leaders in Italy were inspired by the ideas of a unification in one country. Giuseppe Garaibaldi was a main leader in the unification of Italy. He led his army in unifying the south before the joined with the north unifying all but a small portion of Italy.

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Risorgimento, (Italian: "Rising Again"), 19th-century movement for Italian unification that culminated in the establishment of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861. The Risorgimento was an ideological and literary movement that helped to arouse the national consciousness of the Italian people, and it led to a series of political events that freed the Italian states from foreign domination and united them politically. Although the Risorgimento has attained the status of a national myth, its essential meaning remains a controversial question. The classic interpretation (expressed in the writings of the philosopher Benedetto Croce) sees the Risorgimento as the triumph of liberalism, but more recent views criticize it as an aristocratic and bourgeois revolution that failed to include the masses.

The main impetus to the Risorgimento came from reforms introduced by the French when they dominated Italy during the period of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars (1796-1815). A number of Italian states were briefly consolidated, first as republics and then as satellite states of the French empire, and, even more importantly, the Italian middle class grew in numbers and was allowed to participate in government.

After Napoleon's defeat in 1815, the Italian states were restored to their former rulers. Under the domination of Austria, these states took on a conservative character. Secret societies such as the Carbonari opposed this development in the 1820s and '30s. The first avowedly republican and national group was Young Italy, founded by Giuseppe Mazzini in 1831. This society, which represented the democratic aspect of the Risorgimento, hoped to educate the Italian people to a sense of their nationhood and to encourage the masses to rise against the existing reactionary regimes. Other groups, such as the Neo-Guelfs, envisioned an Italian confederation headed by the pope; still others favoured unification under the house of Savoy, monarchs of the liberal northern Italian state of Piedmont-Sardinia.

After the failure of liberal and republican revolutions in 1848, leadership passed to Piedmont. With French help, the Piedmontese defeated the Austrians in 1859 and united most of Italy under their rule by 1861. The annexation of Venetia in 1866 and papal Rome in 1870 marked the final unification of Italy and hence the end of the Risorgimento.

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Risorgimento | Italian Unification, Nationalism & Revolution

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Risorgimento, (Italian: "Rising Again"), 19th-century movement for Italian unification that culminated in the establishment of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861. The Risorgimento was an ideological and literary movement that helped to arouse the national consciousness of the Italian people, and it led

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The Portuguese royal family came to find safety in Brazil during the Napoleonic wars. After the war the king remained in Brazil thinking his presence would stop the revolts. Later on he was ordered back to Portugal to restore order. When he left he appointed his son Pedro as the leader of Brazil. There were still revolts going on throughout Brazil at this time. Not long after being appointed leader Pedro declared Brazil's independence from Portugal. Brazil and Portugal fought before Portugal surrendered to their armies. After Brazil became an independent country there was still civil wars throughout the country and wars with their neighboring countries.

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Brazilian Independence | 3 Minute History

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Under Portuguese control the people of Brazil were unable to speak for themselves. If they spoke up there was a chance of very harsh punishments. After Napoleon invaded Portugal important members of Portuguese society fled to Brazil for safety. After the king returned to Portugal Brazilian independence became a heated topic. There were many different opinions on the matter. Pamphlets were spread with information about independence. In the end through the Brazilian Revolution the people of Brazil gained their independence.

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Brazilian Independence: a Bicentennial Commemoration from Afar, Above and Abroad invites you to see the world as José Silvestre Rebello saw it as he wrote in his pamphlet

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The Prussian's gained power and land which meant that they took over the German states. Bismark took power over the North German Confederation. His goal was to be the main powerhouse leader in Europe. Bismark went on to unify the German states setting the land for the country of Germany.

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France declared war against Prussia on 19 July 1870. On 2 September the French forces in Sedan surrendered, and Prussia invaded France. On 19 September the siege of Paris began, and the first troops arrived at Versailles. On 5 October Wilhelm I and Bismarck entered the city and prepared the proclamation of the German Empire in the Palace.

After its campaigns against Austria and Denmark in the mid-1860s Prussia had increased its territory and grown stronger, and it now stretched from the Rhine to Russia. Chancellor Bismarck intended to federate the other German states around Prussia to build an empire at the expense of its rival, the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Bismarck's aim was to become the new major power in the centre of Europe, between France and Russia. He constituted the North German Confederation, which united all the states except those in the south, and which was joined in 1870 by Hesse, Baden, Bavaria and Württemberg. King Louis II of Bavaria refused to join the other German princes at Versailles, perhaps out of respect for the location and the legacy of Louis XIV. Whatever the reason, his brother Othon negotiated in his place. The proclamation of German unity had begun.

On 16 December 1870 a delegation from the parliament of North Germany arrived at Versailles to beg the Prussian king to accept the title of Emperor of Germany. The Confederation was dissolved on the 20th, and the proclamation of the Empire was set to be delivered on 18 January 1871 in the Hall of Mirrors. An altar was installed in the centre for a religious ceremony, and a platform was built near the War Room, opposite to where Louis XIV's throne had once stood. Six hundred officers and all the German princes were present, except for Louis II. After the Te Deum the proclamation was read out by Bismarck, dressed in a cuirassier uniform. At the end the Grand Duke of Bade cried: "Long live His Majesty Emperor Wilhelm!"

Anecdote

Following the surrender by the French army in Sedan, which marked the fall of the Second Empire, the Germans arrived in Versailles and occupied the town. The King of Prussia took up residence in the Prefecture. The Palace was closed to the public, and the Hall of Mirrors was turned into a military hospital.

Shouts of "Hurrah!" rang through the hall. The chancellor had achieved his dream, beneath the paintings by Le Brun extolling the victories of Louis XIV over the Rhine, and had got his revenge for the Battle of J ena in 1806. The Germans then made way for the deputies of defeated France.

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At the end of the War of 1870, France lay defeated and invaded by its enemies. Chancellor Bismarck proclaimed the German Empire in the Hall of Mirrors. Following the humiliations meted out by Louis XIV and Napoleon I, Germany finally had its revenge.