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Odysseus’ Ordinary world was in Ithaca with his wife Penelope and his dog Argus. He was the king of Ithaca. "My home is on the  peaked sea-mark of Ithaca." (Homer line 21)

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The call to adventure was the Trojan war. He didn't want to leave his wife and newborn son but he had no choice. So he went to war "While he fought only to save his life. to bring his shipmates home" (Homer line 8-90).

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Odysseus’s mentors are Athena, Circes, and Teiresias. Athena, the main mentor, helps Odysseus when he prayed for wisdom from Athena so she brought ALL the sheep in "By some sheep herding whim or a god's bidding-none were left outside" (Homer lines 287-288). So Odysseus would figure out that he could escape under them. She also played a big part in his return home. Circes helped Odysseus When "Odysseus returns to Circe's island. The goddess reveals his course to him and gives advice on how to avoid the dangers he will face" (Homer 580). Teiresias Told Odysseus "Anguish lies ahead: the god who thunders on the land prepares it" (Homer lines 633-634).

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Crossing the threshold was when Odysseus left the original world to the new world (land of the dead). "Circe informs him that in order to reach home he must journey to the land of the dead, Hades" (Homer 576). The Value Odysseus violated was death. "Do not abandon me unwept, unburied, to tempt the gods" (Homer lines 602-603).

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In the Battle of the Cicones the men violated the value of greed and feasted on "Stores of wine. Sheep after sheep they butchered" (Homer line 48-49). After the god, Zeus became mad "So doom appeared to us, dark work of Zeus for us, our evil days" (Homer lines 55-56).

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Odysseus arrived on the "Coastline of the Lotus-Eaters" (Homer line 89). There was no gods/goddesses involved but the value that was upheld was leadership and intelligence. He showed that when they arrived, he "Sent out two picked men and a runner" (Homer line 92). He did that because he would rather lose 3 men instead of everyone.

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Odysseus upheld the value of hospitality by bringing "A goatskin full of that sweet liquor" (Homer line 136). The gods/Goddesses involved are Poseidon because The cyclops prayed to his dad "Let him lose all companions" (Homer line 192). Athena helped him by bringing ALL the sheep in "By some sheep herding whim or a god's bidding-none were left outside" (Homer lines 287-288). So Odysseus would figure out that he could escape under them.

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Test: Island of Aeolia (encounter with Aeolus) 

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Test: Island of Aeolia (encounter with Aeolus) 

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"Odysseus and his men sail to Aeolia, Where the god Aeolus, king of the winds, sends Odysseus on his way with a gift: a sack containing all the wind except for favorable west wind" (Homer 576). When the men open the sack and let loose a storm they didn't violate a value but they were just stupid.

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When "They sail for seven days and arrived in the land of the Laestrygonians, a race of the cannibals. These creatures destroy all of Odysseus’s ships except the one he is sailing in" (Homer 576). We can infer the Laestrygonians violated the greek value of hospitality because they destroyed all Odysseus' ships.

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In the Defeat of Circe, "She transforms half of the men into swines" (Homer 576). The reason Odysseus didn't get turned into a swine was that the god Hermes had him "Protected by a magic herb" (Homer 576).

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In Resisting the Sirens "The goddess Circe reveals his course to him and gives advice on how to avoid the dangers" (Homer 580). During this episode, Odysseus put earwax in the men’s ear so they didn't hear the sirens and demanded "Tie me up, tight as a splint" (Homer line 695). There was no Greek value is violated or upheld.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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Charybdis' enormous whirlpool threatens to swallow the entire ship. instructed by Circe, Odysseus "Sent them toward Scylla" (Homer line 783). By doing that he upheld the value of intelligence. As he and his men stare at Charybdis on the other side of the strait, the heads of Scylla swoop down and gobble up six of the sailors. The god "Zeus helped us pull away before we founder" (Homer line 776).

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In Escaping Calypso. "Calypso detained me in her hall. But in my heart I never gave consent." (Homer lines 33-34). The god involved is Hermes "Calypso later told me of this exchange, as she declared that Hermes has told her" (Homer lines 920-921).

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Odysseus Allies are
The Phaeacian- helped Odysseus get home "Young Phaeacian noblemen conduct him home by the ship" (Homer 595). Telemachus- helped him fight the suitors. "But with A spear throw from behind Telemachus hit him between the shoulders" (Homer 612). Eumaeus- Also helped fight the suitors "Aided by Athena, Telemachus, Odysseus, Eumaeus, and other faithful herdsmen kill all the suitors" (Homer 612)

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The Suitors are Odysseus' Enemies "Pressed by one of the suitors to choose a husband from among them" (Homer 607).

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The Ordeal                 (Cattle of the Sun Gods)

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The Ordeal                 (Cattle of the Sun Gods)

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Odysseus and his men were told not to eat the cow’s but when Odysseus went to sleep he woke up to his men eating the cattle. Lord Helios wanted revenge and asked Zeus to punish Odysseus and his men. "‘O Father Zeus and gods in bliss forever, punish Odysseus’" (Homer Lines 908-909). The Greek value shown in this is greed because they “Knifed the kine and flayed each carcass, cutting the thighbones free to wrap in double floods of fat” (Homer 886-888).

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Odysseus prayed to Apollo that he make the 12 axes handled sockets but he then shot Antinous. He then confessed that he was Odysseus and one of the men told him that they would pay them back for eating his food and drinks but also pay him with more cattle, But Odysseus wanted revenge. Odysseus, Telemachus, Eumaeus, and Athena fought against the suitors. "Think of a catch that fishermen haul into a half-moon bay in a fine-meshed net from the whitecaps of the sea: how all are poured out on the sand, in throes for the salt sea, twitching their cold lives away in Helios’ fiery air: so, lay the suitors heaped on one another." (Homer lines 1535-1539)

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Odysseus was with the Phaeacian and they got him the things he needed and sent him on his way to Ithaca. "...young Phaeacian noblemen conduct him home by the ship" (Homer 595).  When he got to Ithaca Athena turned Odysseus into a beggar so that no one would notice that he was home. Antinous, the most hated among all the suitors, was being very hostile and not following the greek value of hospitality. “These men have bread to throw away on you because it’s not theirs” (Homer 1215-1216).

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The reward for Odysseus was his wife Penelope and his son Telemachus. He was finally reunited with his family "Odysseus is reunited with his father" (Homer 616) “Athena makes peace with all the slain suitors' families” (Homer 616).

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Odysseus is considered an epic hero because he continuously shows the heroic traits of leadership, intelligence, bravery. He shows leadership "While he fought only to save his life, to bring his shipmates home" (Homer lines 8-9). He also showed leadership when he "Sent out two picked men and a runner" (Homer line 92). He showed  intelligence in the Cyclops when he almost killed the Cyclops. "If i killed him we perished there as well, for we could never move his ponderous doorway slab aside" (Homer 248-250). Lastly, in part two, he showed Telemachus bravery by telling him that you have to be brave and confident if you want to fight. "You must think hard if you would conjure up the fighting strength to take us through" (Homer 1106-1107).