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FLOCAB ANCIENT EGYPT!!!

http://www.flocabulary.com/ancient-egypt/

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HEY! Behave yourselves while I'm not here!!!

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HEY! Behave yourselves while I'm not here!!!

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Now that the PADLET is complete with notes from all sections,

take a sheet of notebook paper, label it ANCIENT EGYPT, and take notes

(i.e. WRITE DOWN WHAT YOU SEE) fore each section. If you have any questions, you can

refer back to the original site.

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Shops where jewelry were made broken into several sections, similar to an assembly line.

They used materials such as clays, glasses, gold, and semi-precious stones.

They used crude tools that represent modern ones in their shops. Such as; the bow drill, saws, the adze (an axe-like tool), and other similar tools.

They used papyrus string to string together bracelets, necklaces, and other jewelry.

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Trades were done with types of coins and even gems could be traded for certain items, learning a trade was one of the main ways to earn respect around the Egyptian community. To learn a trade meant that you were a higher member of society.

Carpenters and many Egyptians learned at a very young age to start to build simple items and then move on to harder items like building boats that would influence trades. many trades routes would be influenced from the Nile River because of how it went into the Mediterranean Sea which would lead into more neighboring countries.

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It took more than forty days to complete and this preserved the body for hundred to even thousands of years. The internal organs were the first to be removed since they decompose the quickest.

This organs were all given to different jars and a new and different god for each jar. The body was actually placed with its most prized possessions, even including pets or any jewelry.

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* Protective spells were written in hieroglyphs on coffins for their journey through the underworld.

* Collars were painted on the coffins of popular and important people in ancient Egypt.

* The ritual "opening of the mouth" is performed to allow the deceased to eat and drink again in the afterlife.

* Next to the coffin, they would have Shabtis (small figures). They would magically come to life and work instead of their master or mistress in the afterlife.

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Egyptians believe in many gods and

goddesses. Each god had its own duty and job.

Atum spat out Shu, god of air and Tefnut,goddess of moisture. Shu and Tefnut had two children

Geb, the god of earth and Nut, the goddess of the sky

Nut and Geb had 4 children.

Osiris: King of Earth

Isis: Queen of Earth

Seth: was jealous of his brother, because he wanted to rule earth, so he killed him

Osiris became King of the Underworld and Seth became King of Earth.

The son of Isis and Osiris, Horus fights Seth and takes the throne and became King.

Thoth: God of writing

Bes: Protector of Pregnant Women

Seshat: Goddess of Writing and Knowledge

Ma'at: Goddess of Truth

Amun: King of God's

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Scribes were writers. They used it in school, in the fields, in tombs, army, government, and temples. Some females were scribes too because they were doctors and needed to read medical text. Priests were scribes and when sacred rituals were performed for gods and goddesses, they needed to be able to read the instructions on carved walls and papyrus rolls. The most famous Egyptian scripts are hieroglyphics and there are three other scripts with different purposes.

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"The Teaching of Duaf's son Khety" was a story about a father taking his son to scribe school. He is trying to convince him that its the best profession.

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The Egyptians had 360 days a year with 5 days to celebrate Osrisi's birthday. They did not anticipate the 1/4 extra day per year. The Egyptians had created this calendar for rituals. This calendar was fixed. It was literally written in stone. The Egyptian priests weren't able to comprehend the situation, and the calendar became so inaccurate that the calendar would read summer, but would be winter. However the Egyptian farmers had their own calendar that was based on the alinement of stars which allowed them to anticipate when to plant and harvest crops.

3100 BCE Hieroglyphic script began

2700 Earliest modern Mummies are created

2600 BCE Pyramids of Giza, and Sphinx are built

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-Temples were the homes of Gods and Goddesses.

-Every temple was dedicated to a god or goddess and they were worshipped there by the temple priests and pharaohs.

-The large temples were made of stone so that they could last forever.

-The 6 main parts were the pylon, the court yard, the hypostyle hall, the second hall, the sanctuary, and the sacred lake.

-The pylon was the large gate in front of the temple.

-The court yard was a wide open room without a roof.

-The hypostyle hall was a large room with columns.

-The second hall was filled with columns and was very dark.

-The sanctuary was the most important part of the temple. Only the high priests and pharaohs could enter.

-The sacred lake was a pool of water next to the temple.

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Pyramids were made from quarries , dragged by farmers during their flooded season. There was a ramp built to help build the levels on top of the base level. At the top of the pyramids there was a pyramidion which is a block of stone covered with thin sheet of gold or electrum. Casing blocks were then used to trim and smooth the outer layer of the pyramid. A special pyramid is the Pyramid of Giza which includes three pyramids, pits that had boats buried, a mortuary temple, a causeway, a valley temple, small "satellite" pyramid, and mastabu tombs.

Causeway-a walkway that joined the valley temple and mortuary temple.

Mortuary Temple- a place where rituals were carried out for the Pharaoh.

Mastabas-several hundred tombs of nobles, helps keep nobles close to their pharaohs

Valley Temple- Where the Pharaoh's funeral began

Air shafts were put in place to allow ventilation.

Kings Chamber- burial chamber, all that was left was granite sarcophagus tomb robbers stole the rest.

Grand gallery-

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Bonomi visited the temple at Beit al-wali and tried to make a plaster mold of the scenes depicted on the walls but he screwed up. When he took the mold off it took some of the original paint off. So he made a cast of it and then painted the rest based off the notes he took. Later the actually temple had to be moved because of the water rose where it was

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Before methods of mummification were made, bodies were buried in the dry desert sand and were naturally preserved.

There were four different "canopic jars" that held and projected different internal organs.

Simple incisions were made on the bodies stomach to remove the internal organs. For the brain, however, Egyptians used a long metal hook to grab and pull the brain out through the body's nose. \m/

Over one hundred yards of linen were used on a single body.

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-Ancient Egyptians thought of Egypt being divided into the black land and the red land.

-The black land was the fertile land on the banks of the Nile.

-The red land was the barren desert.

-The deserts separated ancient Egypt from other countries.

-An oasis is an area of land in the middle of a desert with natural water source.

-Quarries were like statues that the Egyptians made from different stones.

-Mines produced important natural resources.

-The Delta is several branches of water that are at the tip of the Nile before it reaches the sea.

-The Nile is a river that runs through Egypt entirely.

-Pyramids were very close together.

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Noble Men had clothes made of fine linen. They had servants to do chores and take care of the family. Both noblemen and farmers had to give portions of their harvest to the pharaoh. The difference is farmers did all the work themselves and noblemen had land overseers. Both family's also ate small bread and fruit for breakfast; and the men shared a meal of bread, meat, and beer between meet ups. Farmers and wives did all the work needed to be done.

Wine was a common, popular drink in Ancient Egypt.

Figs were a common fruit.

An assistant inspector collects a landowners harvest for the pharaoh as tax.

Boundary stones marked where a landowner's field begins and ends.

Bread was a main food eaten.

Lotus flowers grew out of water and bloomed and were given to guest.