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1. Rhetorical Question
-ex. "In this sense they have been rather publicly “nonviolent.” But for what purpose?".
2. Metaphor
-ex. "Abused and scorned though we may be, our destiny is tied up with the destiny of America".
3.Pronouns to include the audience.
-ex. "We will reach the goal of freedom in Birmingham and all over seasons for action; the nation, because the goal of America is freedom".

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Ethos: By stating that Martin believes that the men are genuine, even after they criticized him, makes the King sound and look good.
-ex. "But since I feel that you are men of genuine good will and that your criticisms are sincerely set forth, I want to try to answer your statement in what I hope will be patient and reasonable terms.".
Pathos: MLK appeals to his whole audience by mentioning the goal of the protests.
-ex. "We will reach the goal of freedom in Birmingham and all over seasons for action; the nation, because the goal of America is freedom".
Logos: MLK brings in a name that brings up the point, there is no point in doing something good for the wrong reason.
-ex. "...T. S. Eliot has said that there is no greater treason than to do the right deed for the wrong reason".

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Tolerant/Thoughtful:
MLK used a tone by being tolerant and thoughtful of his words. He was very open-minded and reflective on what he wrote.
-ex."If I have said anything in this letter that is an overstatement of the truth and is indicative of an unreasonable impatience, I beg you to forgive me".
Impartial/Informative:
The King was not biased, and he put details in why he would disagree with a certain statement. He was educational with his words, teaching the clergymen something they may have not known.
-ex. "I don't believe you would so quickly commend the policemen if you would observe their ugly and inhuman treatment of Negroes here in the city jail...".

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Subject: Written by Martin Luther King Jr.

Was a American Christian Activist

Leader in the civil Rights Movement.

Occasion: When MLK was in jail.

He wrote it in response to criticism.

April 16, 1963

Audience:

The text is directed to the clergymen

Purpose:

To respond to the clergymen's statement

Subject:

To try to explain the misunderstood motives of the protests

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Summary: The letter from Birmingham city jail is a letter that was sent to the clergymen who criticized the King's work. The letter contains a ton of information, including some that might have changed your mind on how police are good. Martin Luther King Jr writes about the background of what the clergymen talk about, what the true meaning of the protests is. The letter was not meant to anger the clergymen, but to hopefully open their eyes to see what MLK was seeing. The letter describes what life is like in the eyes of a black man, and it shows them that maybe not everything is the same for everyone.

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1. Pronouns to include the audience.
-ex."We recognize the natural impatience of people who feel that their hopes are slow in being realized."
2. Metaphor.
-ex."However, we are now confronted by a series of demonstrations by some of our Negro citizens..."
3. Parallelism
-ex. "Just as we formerly pointed out that "hatred and violence have no sanction in our religious and political traditions..."

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Ethos:
The clergymen tried to make the police sound like they are only doing good.
-ex. "...and the law enforcement official to remain calm and continue to protect our city from violence".
Pathos:
The clergymen state, "...and to unite locally in working peacefully for a better Birmingham". Trying to get everyone to stop the protests, to work towards a better life for everyone.
Logos:
The clergymen try to make it seem like the Negroes efforts are for nothing.
-ex. "however technically peaceful those actions may be, have not contributed to the resolution of our local problems".

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Accusatory:
The authors use an accusatory tone, blaming the Negroes for the protests.
-ex. "However, we are now confronted by a series of demonstrations by some of our Negro citizens, directed and led in part by outsiders".
Subjective:
The clergymen are clearly biased, they want peaceful solutions and they are trying to get the Negro community to believe that as well.
-ex. "Just as we formerly pointed out that "hatred and violence have no sanction in our religious and political traditions..."

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Speaker: The eight white clergyman

they are all white men

They are protestant, catholic, and jewish

Occasion: It was during a Civil Rights movement.

April 12, 1963

Made to voice the clergymen's disagreement with the King

Audience:

It is directed to the King and all of Birmingham

Purpose:

The clergymen want the Negroes to stop acting in protests, and to act with common sense.

Subject:

Stopping the protests, because they are untimely.

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“Letter to Martin Luther King from a Group of Clergymen” 

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“Letter to Martin Luther King from a Group of Clergymen” 

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Summary: The group of Clergymen wrote a letter saying that the Negroes protests are violent and unwise. The "violent" acts are getting them nowhere, and Negroes should handle their business in courts and not in the streets. The clergymen believe that the court should be able to handle everything. The text as a whole can put the point across as the Negroes are only doing bad, and that they need to stop their protests for the community to be able to come together as a whole. The text is very accusatory and subjective as a whole and it was practically asking the King to respond.