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The OS manages how data is organised into files. This makes it easier for the user to see files using programs like the Windows File Explorer or Mac OS X Finder. The OS organises where and how files are stored, deleted, read, found and repaired. It detects errors such as missing disks or incorrect file names, and informs the user that errors have occurred.

Each file has a unique name and the OS maintains a set of look-up tables that relate file names to locations on storage drives.

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The OS uses programs called device drivers to manage connections with peripherals.

A device driver:

handles the translation of requests between a device and the computer

defines where a process must put outgoing data before it can be sent, and where incoming messages will be stored when they are received

wakes up the device when it is needed and put it back to sleep when it is not

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The OS manages how main memory is used. It decides:

how memory is shared between processes

what happens when there is not enough main memory to get the job done

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The OS provides a user interface (UI), an environment for the user to interact with the machine. The UI is either graphical or text-based.

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An operating system (or 'OS') controls the general operation of a computer, and provides an easy way for us to interact with computers and run applications.

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- System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs.