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SITI NUR ATHIRAH  ZORAZILI BG16110178 HE20 AIN SYAFIQAH MANSOR BG16110216 HE20 MOHD ZUL AFFANDY BIN ADI BG16110362 HE20 NAJIHA PUTRI ZAIMI BG16110101 HE20 NURUL NABILAH TALIB BG16110581 HE20 SITI NURATIQAH RAZALI BG16110253 HE20

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SITI NUR ATHIRAH  ZORAZILI BG16110178 HE20 AIN SYAFIQAH MANSOR BG16110216 HE20 MOHD ZUL AFFANDY BIN ADI BG16110362 HE20 NAJIHA PUTRI ZAIMI BG16110101 HE20 NURUL NABILAH TALIB BG16110581 HE20 SITI NURATIQAH RAZALI BG16110253 HE20

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Monopolistic competition is a type of imperfect competition such that many producers sell products that are differentiated from one another (e.g. by branding or quality) and hence are not perfect substitutes.
L'oreal is the one of example monopolistic competition which is monopolistic competition is an industry which has large number of sellers and it is easy to entry and exit. This industry produces differentiated products and they are price-maker. For instance, shampoos have several kinds of brands in the market. There are shampoos for men, women and even young children like Head & Shoulders,  Sunsilk and many more.

These firms are competing with each other by using tricks such as different packaging, scent, product attributes and vitamins, to have buyers differentiate between the competitive products. The companies as a whole are the price-maker because an equilibrium market price is non-existent as they might follow their competitors’ price or their cost of production to set the price. For instance, if L'Oreal set their price at RM13.99 per bottle then  Sunsilk may opt to follow the trend or increase the price by a little, they may even drop the price a little.

Apart from that, in this industry, the firms are earning three types of profits when they’re in the short run, supernormal, subnormal and normal profits.Supernormal profit means that the firms are earning more profit, subnormal profit basically means that the firms are having economic loss whereas normal profits means that there is no increase or decrease in the firms’ profits. If Head & Shouldersare having supernormal profit that means the firm are earning more profits in the short run.

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KRISTIE CELESTINE LIONG BG16110545 HE20        FATIN AMANINA BT SAIZAN BG16110623 HE20         NUR FATIN AFRINA BT MOHD RIDZUAN	BG16110112 HE20                                                            SITIAISHAZANIZA BG16110193 HE20	                           STEVE PATRICK ANAK LUKAS	BG16110348 HE20   SUZIENNE BINTI ROSIKAN BG16110568 HE20

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KRISTIE CELESTINE LIONG BG16110545 HE20        FATIN AMANINA BT SAIZAN BG16110623 HE20         NUR FATIN AFRINA BT MOHD RIDZUAN	BG16110112 HE20                                                            SITIAISHAZANIZA BG16110193 HE20	                           STEVE PATRICK ANAK LUKAS	BG16110348 HE20   SUZIENNE BINTI ROSIKAN BG16110568 HE20

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Monopolistic competition is a market structure in which a large number of firms will compete. Each firm produces a differentiated product. Firms compete on product quality, price, and marketing. Firms are free to enter and exit the industry. The presence of a large number of firms has implications for the firms in the industry. Consequently, each firm has only limited power to influence the price of its product. Each firm’s price can deviate from the average price of other firms by only a relatively small amount. A firm practices product differentiation if it makes a product that is slightly different from the products of competing firms. A differentiated product is one that is a close substitute but not a perfect substitute for the products of the other firms. Some people are willing to pay more for one variety of the product. For example, Adidas, New Balance, Nike, Puma, and Reebok all make differentiated running shoes. Competing on Quality, Price, and Marketing Product differentiation enables a firm to compete with other firms in three areas: product quality, price, and marketing.

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Ar Nickazmie Bin Ahmad BG16110478 HE20                       Mohd Amir Ruzaidi BG16110618 HE20                                         Akmal Bin Roslan BG16110397 HE20                                                      

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Ar Nickazmie Bin Ahmad BG16110478 HE20                       Mohd Amir Ruzaidi BG16110618 HE20                                         Akmal Bin Roslan BG16110397 HE20                                                      

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Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney. Known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts. Pizza Hut is example of Monopolistic Competition since they have perspective that an ideal rivalry aside from their item are not precisely looks like with their rivals or replicating from the contenders, for example, Domino, Pezzo, Papa John's Pizza, Smokin Joes Pizza and so on. The item separation is the genuine seen contrasts between contending items in a similar industry.

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NUR ALIA SHAFIRA BINTI ALI  BG16110582         TENGKU NOORHAZMIRA BINTI TENGKU ABDUL HALIM  BG16110551                                                                      CHAI FOH NYEN BG16110392                         MUHAMMAD HAKIM BIN HUSIN BG16110145 MUHAMMAD SYAFIQ BIN ABDUL MANAP BG16110270 PARVATHY SALVAM BG16110325

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NUR ALIA SHAFIRA BINTI ALI  BG16110582         TENGKU NOORHAZMIRA BINTI TENGKU ABDUL HALIM  BG16110551                                                                      CHAI FOH NYEN BG16110392                         MUHAMMAD HAKIM BIN HUSIN BG16110145 MUHAMMAD SYAFIQ BIN ABDUL MANAP BG16110270 PARVATHY SALVAM BG16110325

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Characteristics of monopolistic competition
- there is large firms compete.
- they  compete with different price and quality of the services
- they are free to enter or exit the market.

Lazenda hotel compete with others companies in Labuan town, and they provide the room services at different rate and different facilities compared to others company and this is called As monopolistic competition which lazenda hotels compete with other company by providing the customer room services but at different price and rate for different types of room with different facilities

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Shell is popular petroleum industry in the world. The market structure of this petroleum industry falls under monopolistic competition. It has largely number of suppliers and sellers around the world. The petroleum brands that competitive with Shell is Petronas, Petron, Caltex and etc. Every petroleum brand produce same product with name of "petrol" but difference in litter and quality. Other than that, the difference between this kind of petrol is power and smoothness given by petrol to engine of the car. Although shell is well known petroleum company, but the market prices only can controlled by Government. Government is price maker for all petrol not only shell, although shell hold 70% percent market in petroleum industry.

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KESAVAN A/L KUMARAN(BG16110052) CARMILA SUMBA AK CLIFF(BG16110605) IVY TIFFANY TONY(BG16110439) FITRI NUR 'AIN BINTI MOHD DZULKARNAIN(BG16110530) KHAVIARASY A/P RAMAN(BG16110475) ERICA ELYSSA MARTIN (BG16110091)

# data[].attributes.subject
KESAVAN A/L KUMARAN(BG16110052) CARMILA SUMBA AK CLIFF(BG16110605) IVY TIFFANY TONY(BG16110439) FITRI NUR 'AIN BINTI MOHD DZULKARNAIN(BG16110530) KHAVIARASY A/P RAMAN(BG16110475) ERICA ELYSSA MARTIN (BG16110091)

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COLGATE is the popular toothpaste brand in the world. The market structure for the toothpaste industry falls under monopolistic competition because it characterized by a relatively large number of sellers and has differentiated products and has many close substitutes and also it is freedom of entry and exit from the industry. With numerous firms in an industry, there are many brands of toothpaste in the market. For example DARLIE, SENSODYNE, AQUAFRESH, CREST, and others. Each of the firms produces similar but slightly different product. The toothpaste industry turns out a variation of product which is differentiated by texture, flavor, services, promotion, product attribute, brand names, and packaging. Since there are many firms in a monopolistic competition industry, firms will utilize promotional tools such as advertisements to encourage and influence people to purchase their product. For example, COLGATE company are doing some promotion to attract more customer to seek the maximize profit. They are trying to create some clever advertisements, for example, COLGATE has to target in children and adult and put in an effort to promote better children’s   oral hygiene and dental care.
The COLGATE is only the small part of the total industry in monopolistic competition. Therefore, COLGATE brand firm has limited power to control the market price of the total industry. If the price of toothpaste rise will result in consumers switching to another brand. Although in monopolistic competition, there is price maker the Colgate firm cannot set the price too higher because other people can’t afford the cost of goods with a higher price.

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LOGA NAYAGE KATHIRESAN(BG16160647)MAGLILYN LIEW SHI LING(BG16110407) THIEN FUI CHING(BG16110156) PAMELA FINA ABEN (BG6110326) AIVY WONG (BG16110043)

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LOGA NAYAGE KATHIRESAN(BG16160647)MAGLILYN LIEW SHI LING(BG16110407) THIEN FUI CHING(BG16110156) PAMELA FINA ABEN (BG6110326) AIVY WONG (BG16110043)

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Starbucks and Coffee Bean is an example of monopolistic competitive firms. There is a large number of firms worldwide in the bar and beverages industries like San Francisco coffee and Caravan but each of them is different in terms of products, store ambiance, and many other aspects. These differences can browse through the company websites where it displays how differently Starbucks and Coffee Bean advertise and market their products.
Additionally, they are different in terms of social responsibility where Starbucks encourages customers to reduce their use of paper cup by giving a discount on beverages if consumers use their tumblers. They also carry out campaigns like ‘Earth day’ in Korea which is shown in the news article.While for Coffee beans their main focus is on foundations and charity events.
Due to the barrier of entry, it makes them competitive in the industry, in order for Starbucks and coffee bean to make a supernormal profit, they have to be innovative and develop their product. For instance, Starbucks implements new drinks and food every season and have different themes of tumblers for the different festival in different country worldwide. In my opinion, the entry to the monopolistic competitive market is not as easy as what the theory has taught. Due to product differentiation, some big company has already established their brand name and have loyal customers. It is costly and difficult to advertise and stand out from these established businesses.

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NURFARAHIN ATIQAH BT. JAIS ( BG16110079 ) HE20ELZIE SHERRY YUJIN@MIJIN	(BG16110536)	HE20FRENNIE LEA PINIHING	(BG16110183)	HE20MOHD. SYAZRIN BIN MAT SAID	(BG16110123)	HE20VALENTINA ANAK MAWAN	(BG16110462)	HE20

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NURFARAHIN ATIQAH BT. JAIS ( BG16110079 ) HE20ELZIE SHERRY YUJIN@MIJIN	(BG16110536)	HE20FRENNIE LEA PINIHING	(BG16110183)	HE20MOHD. SYAZRIN BIN MAT SAID	(BG16110123)	HE20VALENTINA ANAK MAWAN	(BG16110462)	HE20

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NUR ATILIA ADRIANA BINTI MOHD JULAIDIE(BG16160663) NUR FATIN SYAHIDAH BINTI MAILI@ASNAN(BG16160668) SAPBRINA SAPIE(BG16160661) AMYLING BINTI MOSIRING ( BG16160662) MASLINA BINTI MOHAMAD ALI(BG16160665) THARANEETA APPARAO (BG16160656) WE'RE FROM HE21

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NUR ATILIA ADRIANA BINTI MOHD JULAIDIE(BG16160663) NUR FATIN SYAHIDAH BINTI MAILI@ASNAN(BG16160668) SAPBRINA SAPIE(BG16160661) AMYLING BINTI MOSIRING ( BG16160662) MASLINA BINTI MOHAMAD ALI(BG16160665) THARANEETA APPARAO (BG16160656) WE'RE FROM HE21

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Monopolistic competition is a type of imperfect competition such that many producers sell products that are differentiated from one another such as by branding or quality and hence are not perfect substitutes. In monopolistic competition, a firm takes the prices charged by its rivals as given and ignores the impact of its own prices on the prices of other firms. In the presence of coercive government, monopolistic competition will fall into government-granted monopoly. Unlike perfect competition, the firm maintains spare capacity. Models of monopolistic competition are often used to model industries.Monopolistic competition exists where there are a large number of sellers, each with a small market share, little interdependence among firms so that they can price their product with little regard to how the competition will react and little possibility for collusion to fix prices.

Books are an excellent example monopolistic competition because they vary in their prices, quality of workmanship, readability, quality of illustrations or the lack thereof, and differ according to target audience and subjects, such as college textbooks and novels. Each major category will have many minor categories and the minor categories are also distinguished by the writing styles of the authors. A new front of monopolistic competition occurs among online retailers. In this case, their location does not really matter. What matters is the convenience of shopping online, how well the products are described, and reviews of the products by consumers who actually bought the product. Other important qualities include trustworthiness of the firm and return policies.

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Lydia Lojiti@Lojuti (BG16110097), Sulpika Abdul Salim (BG16110520), Nur Fatihah Mazlann (BG16110436) Chew Li Chin (BG16110172), Puteri Arnidah Arpah (BG16110586)

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Lydia Lojiti@Lojuti (BG16110097), Sulpika Abdul Salim (BG16110520), Nur Fatihah Mazlann (BG16110436) Chew Li Chin (BG16110172), Puteri Arnidah Arpah (BG16110586)

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Social Media is a market most of us have never considered ripe for a monopoly, but over 71% of online adults use Facebook. Twitter, Google+ and, heh, MySpace are no match for Facebook, which has around 900 million unique monthly visitors compared to Twitter’s 310 million and Google+’s 120 million. Facebook has an annual net income of about $ 1.5 billion and even bought Oculus Rift for $2 billion.

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HE21- NUR HAFIZA BINTI MOHSIN (BG16110411)
Clothes are under monopolistic because we can choose according quality, colour, brand and not only based on basis of price only

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HE21- AFIF SATAR BIN ABDUL SATAR BG16110384, AMIRAHZUNAH BINTI AHMADI BG16110696, ASHROL FITRIE BIN DZULKARNAEN BG16110580, MOHD AMIN BG16110593, MOHD IZWAN BIN MOHD NASIR BG16110446, MOHD MUNZIR BIN MOHD BASIR BG16110706.

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HE21- AFIF SATAR BIN ABDUL SATAR BG16110384, AMIRAHZUNAH BINTI AHMADI BG16110696, ASHROL FITRIE BIN DZULKARNAEN BG16110580, MOHD AMIN BG16110593, MOHD IZWAN BIN MOHD NASIR BG16110446, MOHD MUNZIR BIN MOHD BASIR BG16110706.

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As we all know, L'Oreal is a biggest company selling cosmetic, beauty and skin care products in the world. Thus, it’s classified as monopolistic competition under market structure. This is due to a large number of firms selling differentiated products and has many close substitutes. Other examples of firms that compete with L'Oreal are Revlon, Avon, Proctor & Gamble and Estee Lauder.

The characteristic of monopolistic competition states there’s low barrier to entry and exit the market. So, a firm will only earn normal profits in a long run.

L'Oreal had achieved sufficient product differentiation. A wide range of products from professional salon brands, mass retail brands to luxury brands have introduced by L'Oreal. So, other firms cannot duplicate them easily. L'Oreal also developed a well-known and strong brand name in the world by emphasizes advertising on its brands. Therefore, L'Oreal has sufficient monopoly power to realize modest economic profits in long run.

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HE2- LIEW TIAN HE BG16110461, STEWARD MANDIE ANAK JOSEPH BG16110372, ROSDIANA BINTI ABDUL SALLEH BG16160672, AMELYN SELAH ANAK GANYA BG16110595, LEARA GLORIA F. IBING BG16110395, SHALANI A/P N KRISHINAN BG1611036.

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HE2- LIEW TIAN HE BG16110461, STEWARD MANDIE ANAK JOSEPH BG16110372, ROSDIANA BINTI ABDUL SALLEH BG16160672, AMELYN SELAH ANAK GANYA BG16110595, LEARA GLORIA F. IBING BG16110395, SHALANI A/P N KRISHINAN BG1611036.

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Monopolistic competition is a market structure in which a large number of small sellers sell close substitute products. The SugarBun market are selling the goods produced and sold different, but they are close substitutes for each other. SugarBun have large number of sellers in this world. The goods that the SugarBun provide are differentiated.

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HE20-Pang Ka Yee bg16110377. Lee Pei Ching bg16110354, Norfiti Amelia Binti Ramli bg16110339, Cindy Chung Jia Ying bg16160644, Yap Ying Shiew bg16110375, Wang Yi Yan bg16110470

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HE20-Pang Ka Yee bg16110377. Lee Pei Ching bg16110354, Norfiti Amelia Binti Ramli bg16110339, Cindy Chung Jia Ying bg16160644, Yap Ying Shiew bg16110375, Wang Yi Yan bg16110470

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Monopolistic competition- Characterizes an industry in which many firms offer products or services that are similar, but not perfect substitutes. Barriers to entry and exit in the industry are low, and the decisions of any one firm do not directly affect those of its competitors. All firms have the same, relatively low degree of market power; they are all price makers. In the long run, demand is highly elastic, meaning that it is sensitive to price changes. In the short run, economic profit is positive, but it approaches zero in the long run. Firms in monopolistic competition tend to advertise heavily. In microeconomics, the first thought that springs to mind when we talk about perfect substitutes is Coca-cola and Pepsi. Since these two essentially taste the same and have similar pricing, we would expect that demand for both products are similar.  Coke and Pepsi are selling cola drinks with similar taste and color, therefore they are perfect substitutes. Both the companies have been competing strongly against each other for decades.

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ANISAHASNAH BINTI YAAKUF BG16110631 (HE20), CHEE POH YEE BG16110382 (HE20), FARAH SOON GEK CHIA BG16110038 (HE20), KASTHURI RAMASUNDRAN BG16160688 (HE20), NURAIN FATINAH ZULKARNAIN BG16110062 (HE20)

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ANISAHASNAH BINTI YAAKUF BG16110631 (HE20), CHEE POH YEE BG16110382 (HE20), FARAH SOON GEK CHIA BG16110038 (HE20), KASTHURI RAMASUNDRAN BG16160688 (HE20), NURAIN FATINAH ZULKARNAIN BG16110062 (HE20)

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A monopolistic market has the characteristics of a pure monopoly. Sabah Electricity Sdn. Bhd (SESB) is one of the example of a pure monopoly company. This is because SESB is the only supplier of electricity in Sabah and Labuan. In a monopolistic market, SESB has full control of the market. This makes them as the price maker. Since SESB is the only supplier that produce this service, they have the ability to controls the production and distribution of their services. This creates high barrier for other firms to enter the market. Therefore, there  are no substitutes for this services. It can be said that SESB, a monopoly company has absolute product differentiation because there is no other comparable goods or services.

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Vithiya Chandrasekaran, BG16110389 (HE21), Salam Binti Bini, BG6110370 (HE21), Nasiruddin Amir Bin Sharsham BG16110577, Vilasini Rawichandran, BG16110452 (HE21), Rinamuana A/P Jamaluddin, BG16110500 (HE21), Rynna Eryiana Binti Salim, BG16160664 (HE21)

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Vithiya Chandrasekaran, BG16110389 (HE21), Salam Binti Bini, BG6110370 (HE21), Nasiruddin Amir Bin Sharsham BG16110577, Vilasini Rawichandran, BG16110452 (HE21), Rinamuana A/P Jamaluddin, BG16110500 (HE21), Rynna Eryiana Binti Salim, BG16160664 (HE21)

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Our group choose Blackberry company and Apple. Monopolistic Competition is a market structure where a large number of firms compete, each producing differentiated products based on the quality of the product, price, and marketing strategies. Firms are also free to enter and exit the industry. In this competitive market, firms compete with other using various ways and strategies, such as giving out free ‘goodies’, increasing discounts, also attacking each other indirectly or directly via commercials and advertisements. These are the ways for the firms to survive in the industry with the pressure from the competitive competition, but are only efficient to a certain extent. Besides, monopolistic competition also to make their products seem more in demand and much better than the competitor’s, the retail company might downgrade the competitor’s product in their commercial or advertisements  to make their product seem more attractive, and as said earlier, it may be indirectly, or directly. For an example for this is when the Blackberry Company attacked Apple indirectly in their television commercial where a blackberry went straight through an apple. Apple later on came up with a comeback via a television commercial as well, indirectly attacking them where the blackberry fell apart upon hitting the apple.

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KAYSHNU SARAVANAN BG16110420, TINISSHA BALAN BG16110113, DARVINTIRAN SUBRAMANIM BG16110485, RADIKA FIADI BINTI OREFIADI BG16110300, EVLYNE SUMOI BG16110390 

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KAYSHNU SARAVANAN BG16110420, TINISSHA BALAN BG16110113, DARVINTIRAN SUBRAMANIM BG16110485, RADIKA FIADI BINTI OREFIADI BG16110300, EVLYNE SUMOI BG16110390 

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Monopolistic competition between Iphone and Samsung is a type of imperfect competition such that Iphone and Samsung producers sell products that are differentiated from one another and hence are not perfect substitutes.

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ELFIRA RUBIN BG16160675 HE21 ROCHELLE VINSON TINDI BG16160676 HE21 NURUL SYAZWANI BINTI MANAN BG16160691 21 LAWRANCE SINGAI ANAK LOK BG16110493 HE21 KANG KHAI WENG BG16110381 HE21 NURFAZRIENNA AMYZAN BINTI MOHD AJAN HE21

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ELFIRA RUBIN BG16160675 HE21 ROCHELLE VINSON TINDI BG16160676 HE21 NURUL SYAZWANI BINTI MANAN BG16160691 21 LAWRANCE SINGAI ANAK LOK BG16110493 HE21 KANG KHAI WENG BG16110381 HE21 NURFAZRIENNA AMYZAN BINTI MOHD AJAN HE21

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Starbucks is perfectly competing in a monopolistically competitive market structure. Because, it just need an espresso maker and some beans, market entry is easy. But to be successful, it need to be something unique-the monopolistic part. Starbucks, through its beans, its barista training and its store design competed successfully. Also, facing monopolistic competition in every states of Malaysia that needed Starbucks stores in every cities.

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LEE KAH FATT BG16110072, YONG YI MING BG16110321, CHIA CHANG THONG BG16110298, SURIANTY BINTI RAHIM BG16160646, NABILA BINTI MASAID DUA BG16160684

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LEE KAH FATT BG16110072, YONG YI MING BG16110321, CHIA CHANG THONG BG16110298, SURIANTY BINTI RAHIM BG16160646, NABILA BINTI MASAID DUA BG16160684

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Faber Castell is categorized as monopolistic market because it serves various of stationaries to differentiate with other brands of stationary companies in terms of their brands, design and quality. Faber Castell has great competition in the various markets of the world. Stabilo, Maped, Pronto, Tombow, Staedtler, Lyra, Bic and more are major competitors to the brand of Faber Castell. This is one of the factor that Faber Castell is belongs to monopolistic market with its own characteristics.Thank you

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LEE CHOY KEI BG16110504, TEO ZHI WEI BG16110451, WONG MAI THING BG16110503, NOR INTAN SHAFINAZ BG16110453, SHANICE TOH LEE FERN BG16110317, NG SI YING BG16110161, VIGNESH VASU BG16160679

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LEE CHOY KEI BG16110504, TEO ZHI WEI BG16110451, WONG MAI THING BG16110503, NOR INTAN SHAFINAZ BG16110453, SHANICE TOH LEE FERN BG16110317, NG SI YING BG16110161, VIGNESH VASU BG16160679

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Monopolistic market is one form of market in which there are many producers that produce similar goods but have differences in some aspects. Why laundry detergent belongs to monopolistic market structure? This is because sellers on the monopolistic market are not limited. Although the function of laundry detergent is the same to clean the clothing, but each product produced by different manufacturers have special characteristics, such as differences in aroma, colour difference, packaging, and others. There are many producers and many consumers in the market, and no business has total control over the market price.

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CHOO HUI SIN BG16110266,CHOK LI YEN BG16110502,THAM LAI YANBG16110483,TAN HUI XIN BG16110196,Jamunaa SubramaniamBG16110355,Lexchumy MagenthirenBG16110221,Pavithradevi A/P M. Aravinthan BG14160756 (HE21)

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CHOO HUI SIN BG16110266,CHOK LI YEN BG16110502,THAM LAI YANBG16110483,TAN HUI XIN BG16110196,Jamunaa SubramaniamBG16110355,Lexchumy MagenthirenBG16110221,Pavithradevi A/P M. Aravinthan BG14160756 (HE21)

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A monopolistic is a market structure that has the characteristics of a pure monopoly. In a monopolistic market, the monopoly has full control of the market. The monopoly power may exists when a single firm controls 25% or more of a particular market. Monopolistic competition can be categorized as imperfect competition where there will be many producers in the market where they sell and produce products and goods that are differentiated from one another. For our case Dettol and Lifebuoy are world top brands and it has a product differentiation characteristic. Both of the brand has a similar function which works as antiseptic and germs killing skin care products but it's not homogeneous from it's scents and other characteristics. Therefore the both brands are selling the similar function product but it have it's own element and characteristic to be differentiate in the Monopoly market.

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YONG YAU YAU BG16110371, DK SITI NUR HAZIQAH BINTI PG HJ ZAHARI BG16270708, HO PEI LIN BG16110309, KHOR ZHI SHIN BG16110367, LAWRENCE KONG CHONG TZEH BG16110189, LEE SIN YAN BG16110332.   (HE20)

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YONG YAU YAU BG16110371, DK SITI NUR HAZIQAH BINTI PG HJ ZAHARI BG16270708, HO PEI LIN BG16110309, KHOR ZHI SHIN BG16110367, LAWRENCE KONG CHONG TZEH BG16110189, LEE SIN YAN BG16110332.   (HE20)

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Monopolistic competition is a type of imperfect competition that has many producers selling the products and are differentiated from one another (e.g. by branding or quality) and hence are not perfect substitutes.

Monopolistically competitive markets have the following characteristics:

There are many producers and many consumers in the market, and no business has total control over the market price.

Consumers perceive that there are non-price differences among the competitors' products.

There are few barriers to entry and exit.

Producers have a degree of control over price.

Our group decided to use DiGi (a mobile network provider) as our example because there are a lot of companies that offer similar functions but are not perfect substitutes. It is also a market structure with many competitors but offers slightly different services. The different plans and benefits given to customers from each network provider make their own service that much more special compared to the others.

# data[].attributes.headline
YONG YAU YAU BG16110371, DK SITI NUR HAZIQAH BINTI PG HJ ZAHARI BG16270708, HO PEI LIN BG16110309 KHOR ZHI SHIN BG16110367 LAWRENCE KONG CHONG TZEH BG16110189, LEE SIN YAN BG16110332(HE20)

# data[].attributes.subject
YONG YAU YAU BG16110371, DK SITI NUR HAZIQAH BINTI PG HJ ZAHARI BG16270708, HO PEI LIN BG16110309 KHOR ZHI SHIN BG16110367 LAWRENCE KONG CHONG TZEH BG16110189, LEE SIN YAN BG16110332(HE20)

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Monopolistic competition is a type of imperfect competition such that many producers sell products that are differentiated from one another. The photo below can be category as monopolistic market structure because it characterized by a relatively large number of sellers,  has differentiated products and has many close substitutes,  it is freedom to entry and exit from the industry. With numerous firms in an industry, there are many brands of toothpaste in the market. For example: DARLIE, SENSODYNE, AQUAFRESH, CREST and others. Each of the firms produce similar but slightly different product. The toothpaste industry turns out variation of product which is differentiated by texture, flavour, services, promotion, product attribute, brand names and packaging.

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NG WEN QI BG16110474 HE21 LIEW YEN ER BG16110410 HE21 YAP SHEN PING BG16110469 HE21 LEE WAI SUM BG16110296 HE21 NUR AMIRA SYUHADAH BINTI AMIRRUDIN BG16110045 HE21 RATNA SUSANTI BINTI JAINI BG16110059 HE21

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NG WEN QI BG16110474 HE21 LIEW YEN ER BG16110410 HE21 YAP SHEN PING BG16110469 HE21 LEE WAI SUM BG16110296 HE21 NUR AMIRA SYUHADAH BINTI AMIRRUDIN BG16110045 HE21 RATNA SUSANTI BINTI JAINI BG16110059 HE21

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Monopolistic competition is a market form. Like with perfect competition, there are many buyers and sellers. But the market is not perfect. This is because the products are not homogeneous, or because the buyers have explicit or implicit preferences. This market form quite common. As an example, take a bakery. There are many bakeries in the town, but one of those bakeries can demand a slightly higher price for bread, because it is the only one in a certain part of the town. Monopolistically competitive firms are able to gain a greater degree of market share and as a result, increase prices. If a particular bakery is known for selling the best pies and pasties in town, they can increase their prices for pies and pasties as they know consumers will pay slightly more for a superior product. This is known as establishing a brand name and brand loyalty.

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ANGELINE LIEW TSAI KEI BG16110509 HE21 TAI YEE GEING BG16110346 HE21 LIEW JIA YI BG16110337 HE21 THAM WAI HENG BG16110428 HE21 JI XING ZHAO BG16170001 HE21 SENG XIN YI BG16110117 HE21

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ANGELINE LIEW TSAI KEI BG16110509 HE21 TAI YEE GEING BG16110346 HE21 LIEW JIA YI BG16110337 HE21 THAM WAI HENG BG16110428 HE21 JI XING ZHAO BG16170001 HE21 SENG XIN YI BG16110117 HE21

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On our opinion, Monopolistic competition are characterized by a huge number of related small manufacturers compete to sell similar but different products in a market, which the entry of a new manufacturer is possible with less-than-perfect information. The below photo can be categories to monopolistic market structure due to the similar but differentiated products which have the same function but different efficiency. These products are produced by huge number of manufacturers. For example, Dynamo, TOP, Fab, Kuat Harimau and etc are from different manufacturers but similar products. These manufacturers does not involve in pricing competition because they are selling their products at the same price range. Besides, the detergent market is free to entry and exit without any barrier, as long as they can bear with the losses and production cost.

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WAN AZIAN BINTI JAMRI (BG16110426), MUHAMMAD KHAYYUM BIN HASSAN (BG16110575), MUHAMMAD ZULKIFLI BIN JAMIN (BG16110621), AISYATUL ASYIKIN BINTI DZULKIFLI (BG16110356), SYAWAL ALMIZAH BINTI RAININ (BG16110521), ANI NURUL ASMIRA BINTI ABDULLAH (BG16110553)

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WAN AZIAN BINTI JAMRI (BG16110426), MUHAMMAD KHAYYUM BIN HASSAN (BG16110575), MUHAMMAD ZULKIFLI BIN JAMIN (BG16110621), AISYATUL ASYIKIN BINTI DZULKIFLI (BG16110356), SYAWAL ALMIZAH BINTI RAININ (BG16110521), ANI NURUL ASMIRA BINTI ABDULLAH (BG16110553)

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EXPLANATION: We choose Starbucks to be an example of monopolistic competition. This is because, there is a large number of firms worldwide in the bar and beverages industries like San Francisco coffee and Caravan, but each of them is different in terms of products, store ambiance, and many other aspects. So, same like Starbucks and Coffee Bean that has much different in how they advertise and market their products. This difference makes them be monopolistcompetitive in the industry.

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MARIE TAN SUK CHO BG16110497; CHOW SIT KUAN BG16110492; JONG CHUI LING BG16110269; YONG WON FONG BG16110071; NORAZWA BT MOHD RAZALI BG16110557

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MARIE TAN SUK CHO BG16110497; CHOW SIT KUAN BG16110492; JONG CHUI LING BG16110269; YONG WON FONG BG16110071; NORAZWA BT MOHD RAZALI BG16110557

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Kraft Foods Group has large influence to the economy. Everyone loves the delicious products produced by Kraft Food Group. This has created  many job opportunities to the public to maximize economic profits for the company. This is because both the employees and consumers receive profits when the company has employment. The quality of our lifestyles has also improved due to the positive economic growth as a result of the employment opportunities and family’s income. Moreover, Kraft Foods Group is very different from other food and beverage company. This can be clearly seen when Kraft Foods Group contribute to the society and economy besides making a lot of profits. The products that other company produced are similar to each other but they are not homogenous or identical to each other unlike perfect competitive firms that produce homogeneous or identical products.There are many similar company that sell the similar products but Kraft Food Group offers the highest quality product to their consumer.

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IZUAN BIN MAKLIN BG16110610 ARTHUR WILSON BG16110592 MOHD DIGADONG SABAHRUDIN MASRIN  BG16160645 MOHAMMAD YUSRI BIN UTOH, BG16110629 MOHD FAIZ BIN SARAWALIH,  BG16160666 ASRUL BIN MAHMUDDIN BG16160669 

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IZUAN BIN MAKLIN BG16110610 ARTHUR WILSON BG16110592 MOHD DIGADONG SABAHRUDIN MASRIN  BG16160645 MOHAMMAD YUSRI BIN UTOH, BG16110629 MOHD FAIZ BIN SARAWALIH,  BG16160666 ASRUL BIN MAHMUDDIN BG16160669 

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Why this picture belongs to monopolistic market structure?

In technology world, there are a lot of producers and consumers which producer manufacture product vary by branding. Microsoft rival tech company such as Apple and Samsung also has no total control over the market. In technology world also, there is a few barriers that new competitors had to face and Microsoft have a degree of control over price. Their rival as mentioned above also differentiate their product by compete who has the latest and newest technology over each others. Another reason fulfilling their monopolistic market structure is this giant technology company also had their own independent market decision making, which in definition making them free to make their own rules of branding, price, marketing and other executive functions and a slight control over government law as they usually cooperate with lawmakers with stuff related to technology

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NUR FAZIRATUL AMIRA BT RAMLEE BG16110449 (HE21), FAJARRATULNUR BT MOHD FADIL BG16110522 (HE21), ALICESTER EPAU BG16110435 (HE21), UMINIAH BT SAHARI BG16110273 (HE21), AFIF ASYRAF BIN MOHAMAD JAIS BG16110615 (HE21), MARY JOY  GENOL BG 16160707 (HE21).

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NUR FAZIRATUL AMIRA BT RAMLEE BG16110449 (HE21), FAJARRATULNUR BT MOHD FADIL BG16110522 (HE21), ALICESTER EPAU BG16110435 (HE21), UMINIAH BT SAHARI BG16110273 (HE21), AFIF ASYRAF BIN MOHAMAD JAIS BG16110615 (HE21), MARY JOY  GENOL BG 16160707 (HE21).

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Nike is an american corporation which designs, develops, manufactures, and markets footwear,apparel,equipment, and services to multiple nations. Nike is example of Monopolistic Competition  because they have aspect that a perfect competition except their product are not exactly  looks like with their competitors or copying from the competitors  such as Adidas, Puma, New Balance, Under Armour, etc. The product differentiation is the real perceived differences between competing products in the same industry

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CLEARANCE NG KHAI SIANGBG16160685, YUEN WEI LING BG16110262, CHONG SOKE PING bg16110343 , CLARION EMBOURUS BG16110590, TAN JIE DINGBG16110278, EMILLY SAPOK BG16110583

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CLEARANCE NG KHAI SIANGBG16160685, YUEN WEI LING BG16110262, CHONG SOKE PING bg16110343 , CLARION EMBOURUS BG16110590, TAN JIE DINGBG16110278, EMILLY SAPOK BG16110583

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Apple’s iPhone is one of the most recognizable brands in the smartphone sphere. Of all of these examples of monopolistic competition, Apple is perhaps the most obvious.

Although outsold by Android, the iPhone and the iOS operating system garners a hugely loyal customer base that comes back for each new iteration of the product. The iPhone changed the way smartphones were made and consistently makes Apple a dominant player, even if they are second place in market share.

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Rebecca Kueh BG16110267 HE21 Phuah Chun Horng BG16110480 HE21 Choi Vivian BG16110424 HE21 Lim Chong Po BG16110398 HE21 Albert Chieng Tai Liung BG16110421 HE21 Fua Jiun Kai BG16110399 HE21

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Rebecca Kueh BG16110267 HE21 Phuah Chun Horng BG16110480 HE21 Choi Vivian BG16110424 HE21 Lim Chong Po BG16110398 HE21 Albert Chieng Tai Liung BG16110421 HE21 Fua Jiun Kai BG16110399 HE21

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This picture belong to monopolistic competition. Monopolistic competition are related to non-price competition which means a way of how firms attract consumers with factors other than price, such as style, service, or location.
Burger King and McDonald's are differentiate their hamburger and they are not made exactly the same. Let say if Burger King raises their prices, some of their customers will begin eating at McDonald's, while others will remain loyal to Burger King. This is a function of the downward demand curve that firms in a monopolistic competitive market structure experience.

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Laura Ling Teck Eng BG16110512 HE21                                              Keoy Tzyy Jiun BG16110406 HE21             Lee Jia Yi BG16110444  HE21                      Jerome Voo Pink How BG16160692 HE21ZHANG LUXIN  BG15170650  HE21Kirijah D/O ManyrajuBG16160674 HE21Charuka D/O SubramaniamBG16160694 HE21

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Laura Ling Teck Eng BG16110512 HE21                                              Keoy Tzyy Jiun BG16110406 HE21             Lee Jia Yi BG16110444  HE21                      Jerome Voo Pink How BG16160692 HE21ZHANG LUXIN  BG15170650  HE21Kirijah D/O ManyrajuBG16160674 HE21Charuka D/O SubramaniamBG16160694 HE21

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This picture is belong to monopolistic firm. In today’s modernized world, everyone owns at least one television set in their homes making the satellite television business very profitable. Satellite television or cable television has several providers in other countries for example; the United Kingdom has four cable television providers making them monopolies that face competition. However, in Malaysia only one provider dominates the entire cable television industry, which is none other than, Astro.

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OOI CHUN HUNG BG16110315/ SU WEI YANG BG16110078/ NEOH BOAK DENG BG16110396/ JYROME JEREMY HEE KIAN VUN BG16110380/ CHRISTINE LYDIA JUSTIN BG16110620/ EKKA SUZIKA MARUDA BG16110137

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OOI CHUN HUNG BG16110315/ SU WEI YANG BG16110078/ NEOH BOAK DENG BG16110396/ JYROME JEREMY HEE KIAN VUN BG16110380/ CHRISTINE LYDIA JUSTIN BG16110620/ EKKA SUZIKA MARUDA BG16110137

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The reason why this picture belongs to monopolistic competition market structure because there are a lot of company offered products or services that are similar function, but not perfect substitutes. It also describes a common market structure in which firms have many competitors, but each one selling a slightly different products. Physical product differentiation is common method used by company in the market where the market use size, design, colour, shape, performance, features to make their products different.

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This picture is belong to monopolistic market structure because each firm must carry out non-price competition such as advertising to increase sales because the firm is different and is the replacement for almost one another. Firms can use advertising, packaging, design more attractive, improve product quality, and also provide free offers.

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Explanation: Clothes are under monopolistic competition because consumers can choose according to the brand, quality, location, design, colour, not on the basis of price only

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Dear students,
By using the same group for your assignment, kindly take ONE picture that belongs to the monopolistic market structure. That picture should be upload HERE and you need to put a brief explanation on "Why this picture belongs to monopolistic market structure?". Check out the sample below. Have fun (^_^)

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Explanation: XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX