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7 day table
get burges
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Google

Abraham Lincon was a big name during the name civil war he was the president at the time and was

Robert E. Lee was one of the most successful U.S generals in the Union army at the time

Ulysses S. Grant He severed as a commander Cheif in the unions army in the civil war

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the USS Sargent sung alobam

ships were always considered to be girls and still are to this day

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Confederacy used  privateer for main use of ships

CSS Alabama was the name  of  a famous ship that not only got guns from Europe  but also destroyed or captured 69 ships

Union tried to make  as many as they could in 100 days of the "Monitor (as Ericsson's ship was called—a name soon applied to all steel-built or ironclad vessels with gun turrets, especially those designed for coastal bombardment)"

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A lot of people think that the war was over Slavery It was but not fully it was because the economics of slavery and political control

the Civil War was the bloodiest war in american history

the Union had almost double the amounts of troops as the Confederates

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Source-Civil War Weapons, Tactics, and Strategy by Tim Cooke

Lack of supplies drove many Confederates defend bases to surrender due to disease/starvation.

The Confederates main strategy during sieges was to defend with fortifications but this proved to not work and it was a weakness.

The soldiers were forced to dig these trenches under fire so they created a shield of woven saplings and earth called a sap-roller or a "bullet stopper"

Soldiers dug trenches closer and closer to the enemy's defenses and waited for the artillery to created a breach so they could attack.

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(luke) Strengths and Weaknesses the north and south

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(luke) Strengths and Weaknesses the north and south

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Strength, the Union had a bigger army and more money than the Confederates

Weakness, in the beginning the Union had horrible leaders to train them and to bring them into battle

Weakness,  lots of people in the North didn't support the war and they were fighting the Confederates with unfamiliar land in the south

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Source-Civil War Weapons, Tactics, and Strategy by Tim Cooke

Sometimes breaches were made by armies digging tunnels under the enemy base and blowing it up with gunpowder the Union used this method.

This method was used in Vicksburg and Petersburg

After this gap was created the soldiers rushed forward but were stopped by the crater created by the explosion

The Confederate knew about this tactic and dug under the tunnel so when it exploded the crater would be try large to get through.

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US History.org

The Unions had 5 major strategy that helped them win the battles one was tactic to win the war was they wouldn't all emerge at once with the Confederate army

The ANACONDA PLAN was a plan that they ended up not using but they were gonna, the plan was to eliminate any chance of Confederates getting help from abroad

Another plan was to Capture RICHMOND, Without him the Confederates line of command would be destroyed

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both governments used actual gangs to attack non military targets such as homes, buildings, and towns

most cavalry was used by the south the most famous was lead by general Nathan B. Forrest which would perform hit-and-runs on camps and deports

known outlaws such as Jesse James would kill any union soldiers they saw

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Source-Civil War Weapons, Tactics, and Strategy by Tim Cooke

The first step of a siege was to surround the enemy and cut off all paths of escape or resupply

The first step sometimes end the siege because if the people defending the base could beat the people attacking the were either forced to surrender or died a slow painful death from starvation.

Mortars were common in sieges because that's what they were made to do

Mortars launched shells straight over the enemy's defenses and the enemy could do nothing about it

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Quar

One way is the shooting, your artillery and small arms gain more range to shoot and you see more of there body than they do yours so its harder to shoot up

Moving is a way that there better because It's harder for Soldiers to fight going up hill and easier to fight down hill also Soldiers that fight going up hill tend to lose momentum if some thing happens

High ground also helps with communication because if your at high ground at use your Radio to talk to someone you get a better signal

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Source

Burnside ordered General William B. Franklin to send part of the army to flank Lee and when they did it worked but Franklin failed to send 50,000 troops into enemy lines giving time for a counterattack and that's what happened.

While this was happening the reinforcements came and attacked the rest of the Union army and overpowered them with their artillery. (Marye’s Heights)

This forced the Union to retreat and lose the battle which boosted Confederate moral

Burnside was eventually replaced by Joseph Hooker.

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Source

The Union commander was Ambrose Burnside but he was given the position because the Commander before him didn't do very well and Lincoln lost his patience ( George B. McClellan).

The Union needed to cross the Rappahannock River but it was too deep to cross so they had to build bridges however the materials were delayed due to miscommunications

These miscommunication let the Confederates prepare for the attack

Robert E. Lee used his army to try and slow down the large force of the Union in order to give time for reinforcements to arrive and when they did they spread the Confederate army out to 3 miles in lenght.

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Source

This battle happened because the Union's goal changed from trying to defeat Robert E. Lee's army to taking away supply and communication routes to  the Confederate capital at Richmond VA.

Petersburg was a railroad junction for 5 railroads that helped supply Richmond

Grant attacked because he know it was important to take away supplies from Richmond in order to capture it.

Reinforcements arrived when the Union attacked and caused the Union to lose because Petersburg was heavily defended

The Union wouldn't be able to take Petersburg without a siege.

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Where and what was the best cover and advatages

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Where and what was the best cover and advatages

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courant.com

hills or ridges were the best spot to be at because you can shoot down and see more of the enemy and they have to shoot up which is harder they can't see your whole body

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(Luke)How did the terrain's effect battles 

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(Luke)How did the terrain's effect battles 

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EARTH MAGAZINE

When soldiers don't have hills or ridges that they can use as cove they are a easy target to the enemy

terrain with hills and/with  ridges that provide soldiers a good places to to take cover in and be more safe

In Gettysburg the union had a hill that they used to their advantage and used it as cover and easier for them to shoot and harder for them to get shot because they had to get up the hill and shoot up it which is harder than shooting down it

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to defend the DC  the union constructed 20 miles of trenches and 68 artillery forts

placed obstacles on top of earthworks to stop enemy from advancing

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Source-Civil War Weapons, Tactics, and Strategy by Tim Cooke

Both sides had similar tactics during the war because most generals had been trained at the same schools while the U.S. was still together.

Also field officers were mostly volunteers so they followed handbooks like Hardee's Tactics meaning that the same type of maneuvers were used on both sides

The most common tactic used in the beginning was to send lines of regiments/brigades towards the enemy with about 25 feet of space between them. The front line was used to cover the lines behind it.

When defending something armies used trenches to get out of the way of enemy fire.

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Source-Civil War Weapons, Tactics, and Strategy by Tim Cooke

-Fort Sumter and Fort Pulaski were both forts that had very good fortifications with 5 feet high bricks walls that could withstand cannon balls from battleships.

Since the Rebels had a lot of rivers/waterways that were vital to the armies because of communication and trade they built 20 foot high walls of dirt and tree trunks to defend key points along the river.

Fortifications were used because of lack of soldiers on both sides.

Troops would put obstacles in front of them like Chevaux-de-frise (logs fitted with pointed stakes and gabions (wicker baskets packed with earth)

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the north wanted malvern hill which was three miles from the James river

they did not try to wait out the south instead they used their superior firearms to take the hill

unfortunately that did not go according to plan with the south not only winning the battle but capturing 30,000 muskets as well as cannons

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(Luke)How the environment effected The Battle of Gettysburg A Journey in time by William A. Frassanito 

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(Luke)How the environment effected The Battle of Gettysburg A Journey in time by William A. Frassanito 

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July 2nd Culp's Hill, In this battle the Union had the up hill advantage which helped them defeat the the confederate shooting up hill is a lot harder than shooting down hill

July 3rd Picket's charge The Union had another up hill advantage that they used to their advantage they won the battle the confederate but that didn't make it an easy battle, the confederate   sent almost all their men to fight

July 2nd Cemetery ridge their was a clump of trees that the union also used to defeat the confederate the trees provided cover for the union so they could stay behind them and have more safety than standing in the open

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Chattanooga, Battle of

-  Battle took place in the city of Chattanooga which is on the border of Tennessee also had a railroad running through it.
-the city allowed the north to open a supply line ruing the through the city called  “cracker line”
- 5,800 and northers  6,700 southerners  died over the battle

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Source-Civil War Weapons, Tactics, and Strategy by Tim Cooke.

-A doctor named Albert J. Myer created a system of sign language known as wig wagging to help armies communicate on the battlefield. Used flags during the day and lamps during night.

-Wig wagging was used in Allatoona, Georgia by the Union to call in reinforcements.

The Confederates were the first to use wig wagging in the First Battle of Bull Run and it helped them to know about the Confederates flanking them.

Armies used powerful telescopes to see the big flags from far distances.

Since army lines could be so long there was signal posts usually in high places along the line

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Source

The South won battles during the war but since they had so little men/supplies they couldn't keep control of the area.

Since the Union were able to control the environment they got an advantage and won the war.

Spring of 1862 the Union launched an attack on Richmond but since they didn't navigate the terrain correctly the Rebels were ready and pushed them back to Washington, lengthening the war.

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Source
Source-Civil War Weapons, Tactics, and Strategy by Tim Cooke

-The plan was to have one army travel by land and the other down the Mississippi River to attack Vicksburg.

-The plan changed slightly because there was Confederate soldiers waiting for them.

-The Confederates were pushed back into Vicksburg and they then created a 7-mile ring of trenches and forts to push the Union back

The Union had about 220 pieces of heavy artillery (cannons/mortar) that pounded the city of Vicksburg

-The Union outnumbered the Rebels 2-1.

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Albert  Johnston, a confederate commander  had a 500-mile line to defend but was unequipped to hold the line with only 70,000 men to hold it

president did not even supply these men with supply's

Albert Johnson sadly did not protect the line and the north took  it over

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(LUKE)Battle of Gettysburg operation civil war

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(LUKE)Battle of Gettysburg operation civil war

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operation civil war

The battle of Gettysburg is one of the most well known battles of the civil war, This is know as "the turning point of the war".

The North or the Union won this battle witch was 3 days long, during this time 3155 Union soldiers died 14529 injured and  5365 captured/missing total of 23049 people. The south had 3903 deaths, 18735 injured, 5425 missing/captured, and 28063 total people this was the bloodyist battle in the war

The North had a bigger population, they were more industrialized, had access to more resources, and had an up hill  advantage.A disadvantage  was  that they didn't have very good generals.

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Source

-The Union planned to send 1/3 of it's army behind the Rebels so they couldn't retreat to Richmond but it failed due to lack of execution/experience by the soldiers and officers.

-McDowell also sent a force to attack during the night but they ran into the Rebels slowing down the attack and alerting the Rebels.

-At one point the Rebels were forced to retreat because of a surprise attack by Sherman but lack of experience didn't along the Union to take advantage.

- Near the end of the battle the Rebels captured some Union artillery and the Rebels got backup causing the Union to retreat and the Rebels to win the battle.

McDowell was replaced by George McClellan because of the lose

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Source

-This was a Union strategy proposed by General-in-Chief Winfield Scott.

-The plan was to try to block all the southern ports and cut the Confederacy in half using the Mississippi River.

-This occurred in the beginning of the war around 1861.

-Many Union officers didn't like the plan even though it was good because they thought it was too complacent.

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(LUKE) What were the most important battle

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(LUKE) What were the most important battle

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In 1861 the first battle was very important this battle was known as bull run, the Confederate beat the Union at the first battle

In 1862 the battle of Shiloh and Antietam the Unions had defeated the Confederate

In 1863 The battle of Gettysburg was very important in the war its known as "the turning point of the war" the battle was also known as "the bloodiest battle".

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Source

-After Scott's plan wasn't put into effect he retired at the end of 1861.

-One issue with the plan was that the Confederacy wouldn't have just stood there while the Union slowly cut them off from the outside world and also the Union navy wasn't that strong to pull off a plan that large at the beginning of the war.

-However eventually the tactics used later in the war were like Scott's original idea but they involved much more combat

-In theory if this plan had been put into effect it would have slowly let the Union win the war while still saving many lives.

Union only had 6 ships

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How did the environment impact the battle strategies during the Civil War

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good source
Environment Source /google

-The North usually named the battles after the closest piece of geography while the South named the battles after the closest town.

There were only 50 major battles in the war but there was 5000 minor battles

140,414 battle deaths