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- Computers made it easier to for students to take assessments.
- Receive the results immediately
- (Adaptive) For ?'s answered correctly, the next would be more difficult.

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-Examination & evaluation of testing and assessment.

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-Examination & evaluation of testing and assessment.

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-Increased testing ( school & military) lead to concerns.
-Instruments lead to bias, lack of fairness, & lack of accuracy.
- Limitations of existing instruments.
-1970's grassroots movement: competency testing.
-Enacted legislation requiring competency exams for high school.
-1974: Family Educational Rights & Privacy Act was passed (mandating parents to have the rights to review school records).
-Late 70's computers used to administers and interpret assessments results.

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- Increase in Computer generated reports, (Computer written reports)
- New instruments were designed for cultural sensitive, due to multicultural influence of the 60's and 70's

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-Began in late 1800's
-Francis Galton credited for launching the testing movement
Wanted to measure human characteristics of biologically related and unrelated individuals
-1869 Galton made significant contribution to statistics (correlations)
-Wilhelm Wundt- Psychologist with major influence in assessment
Cartel, (Wundt's student)expanded testing to include memeory and other simple mental processes
* 1st to use the term mental test

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-Multicultural Issues: Assessing individuals with different cultural backgrounds is complex.
-No Child Left Behind made assessments more accountable
-Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing revised
-revisions/publication in DSM 5 have influenced assessments

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- For multiple assignments teachers used the portfolio assessment, allowing them to view multiple projects/assignments at one time

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-U.S. military leaders during WWI were interested in group intelligence tests
-these were known as Army Alpha (routine testing) and Army Beta (non-language instrument, used with illiterate or non-English speakers)
-U.S. military released these tests to the public later on

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-developed one of the first approaches to career counseling
-3-step model: 1) understand the person, 2) understand the world of work, 3) match the person to the appropriate occupation in the world of work

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to study "educationally retarded" children

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30-items total and different from previous intelligence tests. It focussed on comprehension judgement and reasoning

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Test incorporated a ratio of mental age level to chronological age level

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two were developed one based on general tasks and another specific tasks

Interest in developing measures of intelligence continued

End of WWI - interest in identifying who was fit ti fight

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MMPI developed - empirically selected items

Standardized assessments became more popular in schools

The APA published defined standards for the use of standardized assessment instruments in education
revised 2014

Electronic scoring was introduced-quicker and reduced human error

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several countries adopted the test as well as L.M. Herman at Stanford University which became known as the Stanford-Binet Scale