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First off, how cool that you want to write Mo!

There are many incorrect Mo Willems fan mail addresses on the internet.

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, we are unable to receive physical mail.

We cannot guarantee that Mo will be able to personally respond to your e-mails, but every e-mail will receive a reply & link to a special download.

(Teachers: please do not use social media to invite Mo to attend events, skype, etc. via twitter with your students. This will only lead to unnecessary disappointment as Mr. Willems' social media accounts are neither monitored nor a forum to conduct business.)

Questions regarding rights/permissions? Contact the Wernick & Pratt agency.
NOTE: Any mail arriving to Mr. Willems' private residence is not opened.

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First off, how cool that you want to write Mo! There are many incorrect Mo Willems fan mail addresses on the internet. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, we are unable to receive physical mail. We cannot guarantee that Mo will be able to personally respond to your e-mails, but every e-mail will receive a reply & link to a special download.

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The Four Seasons: Change Marks the Passing of a Year

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Seasons are periods of the year with distinct weather conditions and day lengths. Earth's four seasons are spring, summer, autumn (fall) and winter.

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"My work in children's books really grew out of a desire to explore what I was feeling as a new father. At the time, I was working in comics -- a natural forum for expressions of angst and questioning one's place in the universe.

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Rick Emmer is the lead keeper of The RainForest at Cleveland Metroparks Zoo and an avid observer of amphibians. He provides the following answer.

Frogs are amazing animals. Despite their fragile appearance and inoffensive ways, they have countless strategies to deal with the most severe climates this planet has to offer. They can be found at the Arctic Circle, in deserts, in tropical rain forests and practically everywhere in between. Some of their survival strategies are nothing short of ingenious. Various frog species use two strategies to deal with environmental extremes: hibernation and estivation.

Hibernation is a common response to the cold winter of temperate climates. After an animal finds or makes a living space (hibernaculum) that protects it from winter weather and predators, the animal's metabolism slows dramatically, so it can "sleep away" the winter by utilizing its body's energy stores. When spring weather arrives, the animal "wakes up" and leaves its hibernaculum to get on with the business of feeding and breeding.

Aquatic frogs such as the leopard frog(Rana pipiens) and American bullfrog(Rana catesbeiana) typically hibernate underwater. A common misconception is that they spend the winter the way aquatic turtles do, dug into the mud at the bottom of a pond or stream. In fact, hibernating frogs would suffocate if they dug into the mud for an extended period of time. A hibernating turtle's metabolism slows down so drastically that it can get by on the mud's meager oxygen supply. Hibernating aquatic frogs, however, must be near oxygen-rich water and spend a good portion of the winter just lying on top of the mud or only partially buried. They may even slowly swim around from time to time.

Terrestrial frogs normally hibernate on land. American toads (Bufo americanus) and other frogs that are good diggers burrow deep into the soil, safely below the frost line. Some frogs, such as the wood frog(Rana sylvatica) and the spring peeper(Hyla crucifer), are not adept at digging and instead seek out deep cracks and crevices in logs or rocks, or just dig down as far as they can in the leaf litter. These hibernacula are not as well protected from frigid weather and may freeze, along with their inhabitants.

And yet the frogs do not die. Why? Antifreeze! True enough, ice crystals form in such places as the body cavity and bladder and under the skin, but a high concentration of glucose in the frog's vital organs prevents freezing. A partially frozen frog will stop breathing, and its heart will stop beating. It will appear quite dead. But when the hibernaculum warms up above freezing, the frog's frozen portions will thaw, and its heart and lungs resume activity--there really is such a thing as the living dead!

Estivation is similar to hibernation. It is a dormant state an animal assumes in response to adverse environmental conditions, in this case, the prolonged dry season of certain tropical regions. Several species of frog are known to estivate. Two of the better-known species are the ornate horned frog (Ceratophrys ornata) from South America and the African bullfrog (Pyxicephalus adspersus).

When the dry season starts, these frogs burrow into the soil and become dormant. During the extended dry season, which can last several months, these frogs perform a neat trick: they shed several intact layers of skin, forming a virtually waterproof cocoon that envelopes the entire body, leaving only the nostrils exposed, which allows them to breathe. These herpetological mummies remain in their cocoons for the duration of the dry season. When the rains return, the frogs free themselves of their shrouds and make their way up through the moist soil to the surface.

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How do frogs survive winter? Why don't they freeze to death?

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Rick Emmer is the lead keeper of The RainForest at Cleveland Metroparks Zoo and an avid observer of amphibians. He provides the following answer. Frogs are amazing animals. Despite their fragile appearance and inoffensive ways, they have countless strategies to deal with the most severe climates this planet has to offer.

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The only reason why certain animals hibernate, is to escape from the harsh weather in winter. Both warm and cold-blooded animals hibernate during winter. Certain species of fish, amphibians, and insects also survive the cold months of winter through the process of hibernation. Before the animals go into hibernation, they use the following adaptation techniques.

* Before the onset of winter, the animal eats a lot of food and stores it in the body in the form of fat. When it undergoes hibernation, the animal uses this fat to survive the chilling days.

* The body temperature drops to match the outside temperature.

* They go into a deep slumber and almost appear to be dead, with their breathing and heart rate slowed down.

It is also important to note that not all animals hibernate in winter. Aestivation or estivation, characterized by lowered metabolic rate and inactivity, is a response to the high heat and arid conditions. North American desert animals like tortoises, crocodiles, frogs, and salamanders go through the aestivation cycle.

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An Exhaustive List of Animals That Hibernate

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The only reason why certain animals hibernate, is to escape from the harsh weather in winter. Both warm and cold-blooded animals hibernate during winter. Certain species of fish, amphibians, and insects also survive the cold months of winter through the process of hibernation. Before the animals go into hibernation, they use the following adaptation techniques.

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How do animals sleep all winter? Learn which animals hibernate and how they do it.

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Guide to Creating Text Dependent Questions for Close Reading Lessons

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Guide to Creating Text Dependent Questions for Close Reading Lessons