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Imagery is using words to help create a visual for the reader.

In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee writes very detailed words to help the readers get a visual of the setting. A specific example is when Scout dreams about inanimate objects being an insane Boo Radley.

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A tragic hero is a protagonist that went face to face with a downfall.

In Allegiant, the final book of the Divergent trilogy, the main character, Tris Prior, goes through betrayal and loss. At the very end she ends up dying, leaving the people close to her in great grief.

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Allusion is when a work of literature makes a reference to something.

In the song "Death Should Not Have Taken Thee" by Vocaloid, they mention a past song that they have done before. The past song was "The Game of Life."

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Foil is when a character shows contrast with another character entirely.

In Lord of the Flies, Ralph and Jack are two completely different characters in contrast. Ralph supposedly represents good and Jack represents evil.

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Figurative Language is using figures of speech to make it sound better and impactful.

In The Odyssey, figurative language is used throughout the book. Some examples are of personification, epic simile, simile, and much more.

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A conflict is a struggle between two opposing forces such as the protagonist and antagonist.

In the Batman series, Batman has to protect Gotham City from the Joker. Batman and the Joker are the main fighting duo, making them the main protagonist and antagonist.

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Foreshadowing is when a line hints what is going to happen in the future.

In Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secret, Draco Malfoy teases Harry Potter that Ginny Weasley is his girlfriend. In the seventh book, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hollows, it is revealed that Harry and Ginny got married and became husband and wife.

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An inambic pentameter is a line consisting a pattern of five stressed and unstressed syllables.

The famous line  "Romeo, O Romeo, where art thou" from Romeo and Juliet is an example of inambic pentameter.

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A blank verse is a verse without rhyme and with inambic pentameter.

An example is Emily Dickinson's "Because I could not stop for Death." It is a free verse ("Because I could not stop for Death, he kindly stopped for me") and has inambic pentameter.

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Aside is when an actor talks directly to the audience.

In Captain Blood, there are three pirates who give a story directly to the audience while the rest of the actors are frozen in place or acting like they can't hear them.

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A soliloquy is the monologue of a person who is alone on stage. It expresses the person's thoughts.

In the beginning of the play Alice in Wonderland, Alice goes into a monologue of how she first fell into the hole before the first characters show up.

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Comic relief is the emotional break one has during a deep tension and a heavy mood in a play.

In Thriteen Reasons Why, the book carries a sad and depressing mood. Occasionally, the author includes funny dialogue to sometimes keep people's minds off of the heavy mood.