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A form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land.

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The period after the Civil War in which the states formerly part of the Confederacy were brought back into the United States. During Reconstruction, the South was divided into military districts for the supervision of elections to set up new state governments.

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A faction of American politicians within the Republican Party of the United States from about 1854 (before the American Civil War) until the end of Reconstruction in 1877.

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Granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."

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The amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War.

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"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

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a speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln at the November 19, 1863, dedication of Soldier's National Cemetery, a cemetery for Union soldiers killed at the Battle Of Gettysburg during the American Civil War.

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Was an executive order issued on January 1, 1863, by President Lincoln freeing slaves in all portions of the United States not then under Union control (that is, within the Confederacy).

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A league or alliance, especially of confederate states.

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Lincoln fought to maintain peace in the union trying to stop protests and come to a victory in the civil war.

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The action of withdrawing formally from membership of a federation or body, especially a political state.

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Held on Nov. 6,1860, in which Republican Abraham Lincoln defeated Southern Democrat John C. Breckinridge, Democrat Stephen A. Douglas, and Constitutional Union candidate John Bell

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16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

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Commonly referred to as the GOP (abbreviation for Grand Old Party), is one of the two major other being its historic rival, contemporary political parties in the United States, the he Democratic Party.

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Passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave-holding interests and Northern Free-Soilers.

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A controversial ruling made by the Supreme Court in 1857, shortly before the outbreak of the Civil War.

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The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 allowed citizens in the Kansas and Nebraska territories to decide locally whether to allow slavery.

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A package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850, which defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states regarding the status of territories acquired during the Mexican–American War (1846–1848).

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A historical name in the United States for the region of the modern day southwestern United States that Mexico ceded to the U.S. in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, but had not been part of the areas east of the Rio Grande which had been claimed by the Republic of Texas.

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A short-lived political party in the United States active in the 1848 and 1852 presidential elections, and in some state elections.

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the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.

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The action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.

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A war fought between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848. The United States won the war, encouraged by the feelings of many Americans that the country was accomplishing its manifest destiny of expansion.

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The 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.