# data[].attributes.body
Does the case of Feral Children support Nature or Nurture? Give at least two examples to support your view.
- It supports nurture because it shows how the feral children's upbringing is affected by what type of animal they are brought up by. It also supports through that Viktor couldn't learn language.
Which language theory is supported by this view? What items from this case support the theory?
- Skinner's language theory is supported because Viktor was unable to learn language which Chomsky argues is hardwired.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Denial

2. Anger

3. Bargaining

4. Depression

5. Acceptance

# data[].attributes.body
Crystallized Intelligence - accumulated knowledge and verbal skills
Fluid Intelligence - ability to reason speedily and abstractly

# data[].attributes.body
Imaginary Audience - Everyone's looking at me
Personal Fable - I'm invulnerable
G. Stanley Hall

Conflict with Parents

Mood Disruptions

Risky Behavior

Margaret Mead

Easy Transition - Not harsh and difficult, but an easy move

James Marcia

Identity Diffusion - Sense of having no choices; Unwilling to commit

Identity Foreclosure - Willing to commit to some things; Conform to expectations

Identity Moratorium - Identity crisis; ready, but unsure

Identity Achievement - Commitment to an identity; Resolved crisis

# data[].attributes.body
Authoritarian - Parents impose rules and expect obedience
Permissive - Submit to children's desires, make few demands, use little punishmen
Authoritative

Both demanding and responsive

set rules, but explain reasons and encourage open discussion

Uninvolved/Detached

Limited time/energy

Attachment issues and delinquency

# data[].attributes.body
Social interaction + cognitive development

Learning -> development is enhanced with new tasks

Scaffolding or Cognitive Apprenticeship Model

Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) help with others

Private Speech - Auditory talk to self
Inner Speech - In head

# data[].attributes.body
Why do children play?

Self-teaching by trail and error

Symbolic Representation

Piaget

Overcomes egocentrism

Learning through first-hand experiences

Vygotsky

Delaying immediate gratification

Practice self regulation; learn to think about own world

Critical Period - windows of opportunity for learning a language; as early as 6 years old

Chomsky

Language Acquisition Device - Born with internal mechanism for learning language

Whorf

Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis - Language determines how we think  or influences how we think

Lorenz

Imprinting - the process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life

Temperament - Easy, difficult, or slow to warm up child
Ainsworth

Stranger Anxiety + Attachment

Fear of strangers beginning around 8 mo.

An emotional tie found in young children

Secure vs insecure attachment

Anxious-resistant insecure attachment

avoidant insecure attachment

# data[].attributes.body
Level 1

Orientation of individual survival

Transition 1: from selfishness to responsibility

Level 2

Goodness as self-sacrifice

Transition 2: from goodness to truth

Level 3

The morality of non-violence

# data[].attributes.body
Preconvential Level
Morality of self-interests to avoid punishments or gain concrete rewards
Conventional Level
Morality of law and social rules: to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Postconventional Level
Morality of abstract principles: to affirm agreed-upon rights and personal ethical principles

# data[].attributes.headline
Erikson's 8 Stages of Man's Social Development

# data[].attributes.subject
Erikson's 8 Stages of Man's Social Development

# data[].attributes.body
Basic Trust

a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy

major task with each stage of life

responsive caregivers

Self-Concept - a sense of one's identity and personal growth
Infancy (1st Year)

Trust vs Mistrust

If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic trust

Toddler (2nd Year)

Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt

Toddlers learn to exercise will and do things for themselves, or they doubt their abilities

Preschooler (3-5 Years)

Initiative vs. Guilt

Preschoolers learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or they feel guilty about their efforts to be independent

Elementary (6 Years - Puberty)

Competence vs Inferiority

Children learn the pleasure of applying themselves to tasks, or they feel inferior

Adolescence (Teens into 20's)

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Teenagers work at refining a sense of self by testing roles and then integrating them to forma  single identity, or they become confused about who they are

Young Adult (20's to 40's)

Intimacy vs Isolation

Young adults struggle to form close relationships and to gain the capacity for intimate love, or they feel social isolated

Middle Adult (40's to 60's)

Generativity vs Stagnation

The middle-aged discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work, or they may feel a lack of purpose

Late Adult (60's to Death)

Integrity vs. Despair

When reflecting on his or her life, the older adult may feel a sense of satisfaction or failure

# data[].attributes.body
Assimilation - Interpreting new experiences in terms of one's existing schemas
Accommodation - Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information
Sensorimotor

Object Permanence

Stranger Anxiety

0 - 2 years

Preoperational

Pretend play

Egocentrism

Language Development

2 - 6 years

Concrete Operational

Conservation

Mathematical Transformations

7 - 11 years

Formal Operational

Abstract logic

Potential for moral reasoning

12 - adulthood

# data[].attributes.body
1A: 90
1B: 2
2A: 75
2B: 40
3A: 8
3B: 10
4A: 16
4B: 40
5A: 15
5B: 35
6A: 11
6B: 65
7A: 50
7B: 16

# data[].attributes.body
Laugh: 2 months
Pedal a tricycle: 2 years
Sit without support: 5-6 months
Feel ashamed: 2 years
Walk unassisted: 12 months
Stand on one foot: 4.5 years
Recognize + smile at parents: 4-5 months
Kick a ball: 20 months
Think about the unseen: 1 year
Make a two-word Sentence: 20-22 months

# data[].attributes.headline
I can understand developmental research designs

# data[].attributes.subject
I can understand developmental research designs

# data[].attributes.body
Cross-Sectional Research - Research done on many subjects of different ages at the same time
Longitudinal Research - Research done on one group of subjects of over many years
Attrition - Drop out rate of participants in a study