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Horizontal Type Tool. The Horizontal Type Tool creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer. ... While you are typing, the cursor looks like this , so you can adjust the typed text position without changing the tool. While you are typing, most of the other Photoshop functions are not available.

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a small illustration or portrait photograph which fades into its background without a definite border.

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HDR stands for High Dynamic Range imaging, and it's an old photography practice introduced to cameraphones like the iPhone and some Android devices a few years ago (and is available with the use of special apps).Jun 12, 2019

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A fisheye lens is an ultra wide-angle lens that produces strong visual distortion intended to create a wide panoramic or hemispherical image. Fisheye lenses achieve extremely wide angles of view.Wikipedia

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A macro lens is one which allows you to take sharp, detailed, close-up photos of small subject such as flowers, plants, insects, and products. A macro lens is a camera lens designed for photographing small subjects at very close distances.

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A reflector is a tool that helps a photographer to manipulate the light by providing another surface for the light to bounce off of. Reflectors are inexpensive tools that can make a big impact on your images.Sep 25, 2015

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Adjustment Layers are a special kind of Photoshop layer. Rather than having content of their own, they adjust the information on the layers below them. For example, you can use an adjustment layer to increase the brightness or contrast of a photograph without altering the original photo.Oct 13, 2016

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Layer masks are a fundamental tool in image manipulations. They allow you to selectively modify the opacity (transparency) of the layer they belong to. This differs from the use of the layer Opacity slider as a maskhas the ability to selectively modify the opacity of different areas across a single layer.

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The Gradient tool creates a gradual blend between multiple colors. You can choose from preset gradient fills or create your own. Note: You cannot use the Gradient tool with bitmap or indexed-color images. To fill part of the image, select the desired area.Nov 4, 2019

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The Smudge tool simulates the effect you see when you drag a finger through wet paint. The tool picks up color where the stroke begins and pushes it in the direction you drag. Select the Smudge tool . Choose a brush tip and options for the blending mode in the options bar.Feb 15, 2017

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Sharpen tool. The sharpen tool allows you to apply localized sharpeningeffects to an image. ... As with the blur tool, The Sample All Layers option is useful if you wish to carry out work with the sharpen tool on a new empty layer, sampling the pixels from all the currently visible layers.

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Behold the power of the Blur Image tool! With it's Paint feature, you have the ability to decide which parts of your photos you want to remain sharp and in focus, and which will fade away into the background. Use it to control depth of field and direct your audience's attention to what matters most in your image.

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The sponge tool is an amazing but not a well known tool that is incredibly useful. It allows you to chose a brush to desaturate or saturate a certain area on a picture. For those of you who do not know, desaturate is to take color away and to saturate is to add more color or brighten a picture.

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…is designed to darken areas without affecting hue or saturation. The icon looks like a fist, again something that traditional printers use when targeting specific areas with an additional exposure of enlarger light in order for them to print darker.Dec 7, 2015

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The Dodge tool and the Burn tool lighten or darken areas of the image. These toolsare based on a traditional darkroom technique for regulating exposure on specific areas of a print. Photographers hold back light to lighten an area on the print (dodging) or increase the exposure to darken areas on a print (burning).Feb 15, 2017

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The marquee tools let you select rectangles, ellipses, and 1‑pixel rows and columns. Makes a rectangular selection (or a square, when used with the Shift key). Makes an elliptical selection (or a circle, when used with the Shift key).Feb 15, 2017

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Select the Quick Selection tool in the Tools panel. Add a checkmark to the Auto-Enhance option in the Options bar. Click and drag over an area you want to select. The tool automatically selects similar tones and stops when it finds image edges.

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Photoshop's Polygonal Lasso Tool, another of its basic selections tools, is a bit like a cross between the Rectangular Marquee Tool and the standard Lasso Tool, both of which we looked at in previous tutorials. It allows us to easily draw freeform selectionoutlines based on straight-sided polygonal shapes.

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The Magic Wand Tool, known simply as the Magic Wand, is one of the oldest selection tools in Photoshop. Unlike other selection tools that select pixels in an image based on shapes or by detecting object edges, the Magic Wand selects pixels based on tone and color.

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The lasso is an editing tool available, with minor variations, in most digital image editing software. It is often accessed from the standard main menu, by clicking the icon of a dotted line shaped like a rope lasso, from which the common name arises. Wikipedia

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The move tool allows you to move a selection or entire layer by dragging it with your mouse or using your keyboard arrows keys. The move tool is located at the top right of the Photoshop Toolbox. When the move tool is selected, click and drag anywhere in the image.

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Photoshop's clone stamp tool allows you to duplicate part of an image. The process involves setting a sampling point in the image which will be used as a reference to create a new clonedarea. Select the Clone Stamp tool. , then check the settings in the options bar.

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The Patch Tool is part of the healing brush set of tools. These are the go-to tools for retouching and repairing your images. The Patch Tool is primarily used to repair larger areas of an image, or get rid of any distractions or blemishes. ... But, the Patch Tool uses selection-defined areas instead of a brush.

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The Healing Brush is similar to the Clone Stamp Tool in that it is used to sample from an image to correct or enhance other areas of the image. It samples the colour, luminosity and texture of the source area separately and blends it with the destination area.Nov 16, 2019

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The spot healing brush is the default healing tool inPhotoshop and can be used to clone areas from an image and blend the pixels from the sampled area seamlessly with the target area. The basic principle is that the texture from the sample area is blended with the color and luminosity surrounding wherever you paint.

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A brush tool is one of the basic tools found in graphic design and editing applications. It is a part of the painting tool set which may also include pencil tools, pen tools, fill color and many others. It allows the user to paint on a picture orphotograph with the selected color.

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The paint bucket tool fills an area of an image based on color similarity. Click anywhere in the image and thepaint bucket will fill an area around the pixel you clicked. ... A low tolerance means only very similar colors will be affected, a high tolerance means more pixels will be affected.

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Photoshop CS5 for Windows and Macintosh: Visual QuickStart Guide. When used with its Straighten option, the Ruler tool squares off a crooked image based on a line you drag and also crops the image to remove any blank canvas areas that result around its borders.Dec 6, 2010

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Aspect ratio describes the relationship between the width and height of an image. It's written as a figure, in this form – width:height (width always comes first). Virtually every digital camera comes with a sensor of one of two aspect ratios: 3:2.

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In photography industries, cropping means to remove unwanted areas from an image. This process is one of the most basic photo manipulation processes. This process is performed in order to remove an unwanted subject or irrelevant detail from a photo, change its aspect ratio, or to improve the overall composition.

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The Hand tool allows you to move your image around its window by dragging. Thetool is useful for maneuvering around an image to focus in on specific details within the picture.

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Digital zoom use the center area of the optical image to enlarge the image. By reducing the MP image size, using digital zoom can be done without image deterioration and some cameras has Undeteriorated image mode or at least has Image deterioration indicator.

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The move tool allows you to move a selection or entire layer by dragging it with your mouse or using your keyboard arrows keys. The move tool is located at the top right of the Photoshop Toolbox. When the move tool is selected, click and drag anywhere in the image.

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In photography and image processing, color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors).

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In photography the term 'saturation' describes the depth or intensity of color present within an image.Saturation is also referred to as 'chroma'; The moresaturated an image is the more colorful and vibrant it will appear, less color saturation will make an imageappear subdued or muted.

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The menu bar is used to open and save files, adjust the canvas size, access some of the editing tools, open and close various windows, and more. The menu bar consists of 11 items: File, Edit, Image, Layer, Select, Filter, Analysis, 3D, View, Window, and Help.Sep 21, 2019

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Photoshop Tools and Toolbar Overview. ... The Toolbar (also known as the Toolbox or the Tools panel) is where Photoshop holds the many tools we have to work with. There are tools for making selections, for cropping an image, for editing and retouching, and many more.

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The Options Bar is the horizontal bar that runs underneath the Menu Bar in Photoshop. You can turn it on and off through the Windows menu, so if you don't see it on your screen, you definitely want to turn it on with Window > Options. The job of the Options Baris to set the options of the tool you are about to use.Apr 1, 2010

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Palettes [shown right] are groups of tools used to edit and manipulate your image.Photoshop contains over two dozen palettes that can be shown or hidden by using the Window menu and selecting the palette you wish to reveal.Dec 11, 2018

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The Application bar across the top contains a workspace switcher, menus (Windows only), and other application controls. ... The Document window displays the file you're working on. Document windows can be tabbed and, in certain cases, grouped and docked. Panels help you monitor and modify your work.Oct 15, 2018

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In photography and cinematography, a telephoto lens is a specific type of a long-focus lens in which the physical length of the lens is shorter than the focal length.

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In film and photography, a prime lens is a fixed focal length photographic lens, typically with a maximum aperture from f2.8 to f1.2. The term can also mean the primary lens in a combination lens system. Confusion between these two meanings can occur if context doesn't make the interpretation clear.

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In digital photography, the crop factor, format factor, or focal length multiplier of an image sensor format is the ratio of the dimensions of a camera's imaging area compared to a reference format; most often, this term is applied to digital cameras, relative to 35 mm film format as a reference.

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Advanced Photo System type-C is an image sensor format approximately equivalent in size to the Advanced Photo System film negative in its C format, of 25.1×16.7 mm, an aspect ratio of 3:2.

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A full-frame camera uses a sensor that's the same size as a single frame of traditional 35mm film, measuring 36 x 24mm. The more popular APS-C sensor size found in most DSLRs and mirrorless cameras measures 22 x 15mm. This means afull-frame sensor has more than 2.5 times the surface area of an APS-C sensor.

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The amount of detail that the camera can capture is called the resolution, and it is measured in pixels. The more pixels a camera has, the more detail it can capture and the larger pictures can be without becoming blurry or "grainy."

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In cinematography and photography panning means swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position. This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right.

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Light painting, painting with light, light drawing, or light art performance photography are terms that describe photographic techniques of moving a light source while taking a long exposure photograph, .

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Time-lapse photography is a technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured is much more spread out than the frequency used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Post processing is process of editing the data captured by camera while taking the photo to enhance the image. ... There are more and more camera which have come into market which can capture RAW files. Raw files has much more data at pixel level which and help in post processing and enhancing the image.

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The term Sepia, when used in the context of photography refers to a monochrome image rendered in brown tones rather than the greyscale tones used in a traditional black and white image. Sepia images were originally produced by adding a pigment to a positive print while exposing an image captured on film.

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A highlight is a bright spot in a photograph. Normally it is assumed to be one of the brightest points in the image. Highlights are normally created by a bright or intense illumination or by various forms of diffusion or reflection. Highlights are created by any bright light source.

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mid-tones. Definition: That range of tones which lie between highlights with detail and shadows with detail. * Usually represents the portion of tone reproduction in which gradations change in proportion to change in brightness. * Compare with mid-tone.

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When talking about photography the term 'shadow' is used to describe the darkest parts of an image. ... Manipulation of the lighting and exposure of shadow within an image can be used to add or remove darkness from a scene, dramatically altering the overall feel and depth of a photograph.

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Set WB to your liking.

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The flash mode is required when there is inadequate lighting available. This mode helps pick the right White Balance under low light conditions.

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This mode is used for getting brighter and warmer shots while compensating for the cool shade of fluorescent light.

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This mode is used for light under a little bulb like tungsten, and it is often used while shooting indoors. The tungsten setting of the digital camera cools down the color temperature in photos.

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This mode is ideal for while shooting on a cloudy day. This is because it warms up the subject and surroundings and allows you to capture better shots.

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A shaded location generally produces cooler or bluer pictures, hence you need to warm up the surroundings while shooting shaded objects.

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This mode is for the normal daylight setting while shooting outdoors. Many cameras do not have the Daylight mode.

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The Auto setting helps in adjusting the white balance automatically according to the different lighting conditions, but you can try other modes to get better results.

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Monopod. A form of support for the camera. ... The monopod is used to hold the camera steady while in the field. It is not as steady as a tripod since it has only one leg. This allows movement in the horizontal plane, but prevents up and down movement.

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Shaky camera, shaky cam, jerky camera, queasy cam, run-and-gun or free camera is a cinematographic technique where stable-image techniques are purposely dispensed with.

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Motion blur is the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph or a sequence of frames, such as a film or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, due to rapid movement or long exposure.

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The Bulb setting on camera shutters is a momentary-action mode that holds shutters open for as long as a photographer depresses the shutter-release button.

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In photography, shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph. The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time.

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The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it is the inverse of the system's optical power. A positive focal length indicates that a system converges light, while a negative focal length indicates that the system diverges light.

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For many cameras, depth of field is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image. The depth of field can be calculated based on focal length, distance to subject, the acceptable circle of confusion size, and aperture.

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In photography, bokeh (/ˈboʊkə/ BOH-kə or /ˈboʊkeɪ/ BOH-kay; Japanese: [boke]) is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens. Bokeh has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light".

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In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An optical system typically has many openings or structures that limit the ray bundles.

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The f-number of an optical system is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil. It is a dimensionless number that is a quantitative measure of lens speed, and an important concept in photography. It is also known as the focal ratio, f-ratio, or f-stop.

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Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode or continuous high speed mode, is a shooting mode in still cameras. In burst mode, several photographs are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down.

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Normally, the vertical bar under the scale, known as the exposure level indicator, predicts a photo's exposure, relative to the standard exposure, taken with the current meter reading and using the current exposure settings. In autoexposure modes, the exposure level indicator stays pegged in the middle.

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Exposure compensation is used to alter exposure from the value selected by the camera, making photographs brighter or darker. In modes P, S, and A, the camera automatically adjusts settings for optimal exposure, but this may not always produce the exposure the photographer intended.

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In photography, bracketing is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings. ... Autobracketing is a feature of many modern cameras. When set, it will automatically take several bracketed shots, rather than the photographer altering the settings by hand between each shot.

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Autofocus points are what the camera uses to focus on a subject. You'll probably first notice them when you press the shutter halfway. Many cameras will emit a beep and some of the AF points will light up—often in a red or green color—in the viewfinder or on the display screen.

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Vibration Reduction (VR) is an image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake. Using a VR NIKKOR lens can result in sharp images in low light, under windy conditions or when using a physically large NIKKOR lens, at up to four stops slower with a VR lens than a non-VR lens.

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SOOC is an abbreviation of the photography term “Straight Out Of Camera”, simply meaning that an image can be good enough to print straight from the camera without further processing.

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Thumbnails are reduced-size versions of pictures or videos, used to help in recognizing and organizing them, serving the same role for images as a normal text index does for words.

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Metadata is "data that provides information about other data". In short, it's data about data. Many distinct types of metadata exist, including descriptive metadata, structural metadata, administrative metadata, reference metadata and statistical metadata.

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A digital single-lens reflex camera (digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, as opposed to photographic film.

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An image sensor is an electronic device that converts an optical image into an electronic signal. It is used in digital cameras and imaging devices to convert the light received on the camera or imaging device lens into a digital image.

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Film grain or granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons. ... It can be objectionably noticeable in an over-enlarged photographic film photograph.

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In photography, ASA and ISO are both measurements of film speed, or sensitivity to light. ASA is a scale created by the American Standards Association, but it is no longer widely used. Now, most film is labeled by ISO, which was created in 1987 by the International Organization for Standardization.

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Digital noise, or electronic noise, is randomness caused by your camera sensor and internal electronics, which introduce imperfections to an image. Sometimes, digital will have a clearly visible pattern, although it depends upon the camera. Both shot noise and digital noise are important in digital photography.

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In Digital Photography ISO measures the sensitivity of the image sensor. The same principles apply as in film photography – the lower the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain. ... By choosing a higher ISO you can use a faster shutter speed to freeze the movement.

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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av (for aperture value) on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value (f-number) while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by ...

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Shutter priority (usually denoted as S on the mode dial), also called time value (abbreviated as Tv), refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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Program mode (the "P" on the mode dial of most DSLRs) means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed. Program mode also unlocks other functions that give you more creative control over your images.

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Manual mode is one of the main settings on your camera, and it lets you manually control shutter speed, aperture, and ISO. These three settings work together to control the how bright or dark your photo is (known as exposure), as well as change the overall look of the image.

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This auto mode is where you're in control of the shutter speed and ISO, but the camera automatically controls the aperture. The final and most unpredictable auto mode on most full-frame cameras is P mode, which stands for “program.” This is where your camera controls the shutter speed and aperture.

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Description

Tagged Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers.

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Description

JPEG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography. The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable tradeoff between storage size and image quality.

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A . PSD file is a layered image file used in Adobe PhotoShop. PSD, which stands for Photoshop Document, is the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data. PSD is a proprietary file that allows the user to work with the images' individual layers even after the file has been saved.

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A camera raw image file contains minimally processed data from the image sensor of either a digital camera, a motion picture film scanner, or other image scanner. Raw files are named so because they are not yet processed and therefore are not ready to be printed or edited with a bitmap graphics editor.

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Description

A file format is a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file. It specifies how bits are used to encode information in a digital storage medium.

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In photography, the golden hour is the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset, during which daylight is redder and softer than when the Sun is higher in the sky. The opposite period during twilight is blue hour, just before sunrise or after sunset, when indirect sunlight is evenly diffused.

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The blue hour is the period of twilight when the Sun is at a significant depth below the horizon and residual, indirect sunlight takes on a predominantly blue shade, which differs from the one visible during most of a clear day, which is caused by Rayleigh scattering.