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tar.yigit/Elifana Yiğit / Akşehir Tarık Buğra Sosyal Bilimler Lisesi

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tar.yigit/Elifana Yiğit / Akşehir Tarık Buğra Sosyal Bilimler Lisesi

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IN TURKEY Children who have completed 69 months as of the end of September are enrolled in primary school.After 8 years of compulsory education, they take the LGS exam and choose high school.Students can receive high school education on demand. Students who have high school education can take the TYT and AYT exams 4 years after starting High School and have the opportunity to study at the University.

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Elifana Yiğit/tar.gamze/Health System in Turkey

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Elifana Yiğit/tar.gamze/Health System in Turkey

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Turkey has universal healthcare services within the scope of the General Health Insurance system. Within this system, Social Security Institution (SGK) Mah. All residents can get cute free of charge in hospitals contracted with SGK.

Smurfs cures offers by SGK:
-Emergency Situations
-Occupational accidents and occupational diseases
-Infectious sites
-Protective health services (drugs and alcohol)
-childbirth
-Extraordinary events (those who lost their lives from wars and naturally)
-Fertility treatment for 39 diminutive little women
-Medical surgery considered necessary

Also on the way to pandemic with frequent visits from 2020. It should be tested with e-pulse and Hayat Eve Sığar applications. It offers covid-19 tests and users free of charge in these applications.

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The education system in Croatia consists of:

kindergartens and preschool institutions, for children from the age of six months until going to school

eight-year elementary school which is compulsory and free for all children between the age of six and fifteen years. For children with disabilities it can last longer than that, but not longer than until 21 years of age.

secondary schools, which is not mandatory. Secondary school can be gymnasium, vocational or artistic.

higher education, which can be obtained at universities and professional studies

education for adults, which consists of different forms of formal and non-formal adult education.

State graduation exam is a set of exams for verification and evaluation of students’ knowledge, skills and abilities, gained during elementary and secondary school education.

Every young person who wants to continue with higher education has to pass the state graduation exam.

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Daniela Culò, Liceo Linguistico N.Cassarà, Palermo

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Daniela Culò, Liceo Linguistico N.Cassarà, Palermo

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Italian school system
In Italy school starts on 16th September and finishes on 10th June. Italian students go to school five or six days a week and stay at school until 1:00 or 2:00 p.m.

There are different holidays: Christmas Holidays are from 23th December to 9th January; Easter Holidays are from Thursday before Easter to Tuesday after Easter; Summer Holidays are from June to September.

Students go to primary school from the age of 6 to the age of 10, attend middle school from the age of 11 to the age of 14 and attend high school from the age of 15 to the age of 19. But compulsory education is until 16 years old. At the end of middle school you can choose different types of high schools or technical institutes, it depends on what you like!

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The Portuguese healthcare system incorporates both public and private healthcare services and the standard of healthcare in Portugal is high.
If you go to a public service you may have to wait longer than if you go to a private one. Thus, you'll pay more as services are more expensive.  However, people who cannot afford private healthcare services can go to public services where they don't need to pay if they prove that their income is low.
So , we can say that State healthcare in Portugal is not completely free. Healthcare costs are covered by the state, and patients pay standard user fees. You can pay at the moment or later you'll get the bill by mail. A downside is that medical appointments and surgeries take months to be made.

The State gives us the possibility of choosing between these two services, unlike certain countries where users can only access either  the public or the private Health service, we can use both.  However, we can find very good professional teams in both services.

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Education in Portugal starts in kindergarten which isn't mandatory. There are private schools and public schools. The national education system is mandatory until 18 years old.

School starts at the age of 6 (first cycle) from first to fourth grade with 4 mandatory subjects: Portuguese, Maths, English, Social studies and the rest are optional subjects. There are schools with morning and afternoon schedules and there are schools with both.

The optional subjects are arts, music, sports, which are mandatory in private schools.

After elementary school, fifth and sixth grade there are more mandatory subjects such as citizenship, Natural Science, History, PE, English, Geography of Portugal, Tecnology and visual education, Portuguese and Maths, there is also  ICT.

Next on students move from seventh to ninth grade. The subjects are: Foreign languages, Portuguese, Physics and chemistry, History, Geography, PE, English, Visual education, Maths and Natural science.

To prepare students for university there is high school where students can choose between different courses: Scientific-humanistic, languages and humanities, economy, tecnology and science and art or professional courses.

It’s not mandatory to attend university but if you decide to apply for a university degree, you can then get a graduation followed by a master degree and a doctorate.
In order to enter a university degree, you need to get a good average mark in the end of High School and get a good mark at the national exam, which depends on the course of studies you want to pursue.

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I Liceum Ogólnokształcące w Słupsku, Poland

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I Liceum Ogólnokształcące w Słupsku, Poland

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Education in Poland. Starting from pre-schooll , through primary school – 8 grades – to secondary school – 4 or 5 yrs. The secondary school is divided into 3 different types– Technikum, high school and vocational school – Technikum lasts 5 years, High School 4 and vocational school 3 years. Secondary schools should prepare us for a course of study that is not compulsory. Children who are 3 years old go to kindergarten. Secondary education is completed with the matura exam in three compulsory subjects and one  additional which you have to take.

The Polish health system is based on general health insurance. The NFZ finances the health care of the insured and reimburses medicines. We have great access to doctors, a great resource of modern medical equipment that ensures high quality treatment, because some of the research is funded by the state, can be used by everyone.

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Education system in Croatia

The education system in Croatia consists of:

kindergartens and preschool institutions, for children from the age of six months until going to school

eight-year elementary school which is compulsory and free for all children between the age of six and fifteen years. For children with disabilities it can last longer than that, but not longer than until 21 years of age.

secondary schools, which is not mandatory. Secondary school can be gymnasium, vocational or artistic.

higher education, which can be obtained at universities and professional studies

education for adults, which consists of different forms of formal and non-formal adult education.

State graduation exam is a set of exams for verification and evaluation of students’ knowledge, skills and abilities, gained during elementary and secondary school education.

Every young person who wants to continue with higher education has to pass the state graduation exam.

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The educational system in Croatia begins with preschools-kindergartens. Children start their compulsory eight year long primary education from the age of 6 or 7. After finishing elementary school, students can continue their education, based on grades in elementary school, in four year non-compulsory secondary schools that are divided by the curriculum into gymnasiums, vocational (technical, industrial, trade) and art (music, dance, art) schools. Since 2010, enrollment in higher educational institutions is determined by a student's scores on the Matura high-school exit exam. Institutions of higher education offer both university and professional studies. Higher education institutions are divided into polytechnics, colleges, faculties and academies of art. Since 2005, all study programs are aligned with the requirements of the Bologna Process. Five-year university programs enable students to work in science, education, business, the public sector, etc., and can be at undergraduate (BA), graduate (MA) or postgraduate (PhD) level. Professional studies last two to three years, and are offered at polytechnics and colleges. Upon completion, graduates get the title of professional bachelor (bacc).

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Orhan.emtal.        Turkish education system 

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Orhan.emtal.        Turkish education system 

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The Turkish education system is divided into three stages as 12 years of compulsory education. The first level is four-year primary school (1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades), the second level is four-year secondary school (5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades), and the third level is four-year high school (9. 10. 11 . and 12th grade) was organized as. In order to go to university, an exam is taken. State universities are free. In addition, children from the age of 4 can go to kindergarten.

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Education in Turkey
The Turkish education system is divided into three stages as 12 years of compulsory education.  The first level is four-year primary school (1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades), the second level is four-year secondary school (5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades), and the third level is four-year high school (9. 10. 11 . and 12th grade) was organized as.

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Arda. Emtal/Eregli Vocational and Technical High School

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Arda. Emtal/Eregli Vocational and Technical High School

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--Health System in     Turkey--

High quality health services are provided in Turkey. With the provision "Everyone has the right to social security" in the Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, the Republic of Turkey, which is a social state, provides access to health services for all its citizens. Both public and private health services are easily accessible and affordable.

Revolutionary steps taken in the field of health as well as in many other fields in Turkey in recent years have made Turkey stand out in health services across the world. While the health infrastructure was rapidly improved, the bed capacity was increased with the newly opened health centers. The increase in the number of physicians specializing in different fields with the modernization of medical education has increased Turkey's level of expertise in many new fields, from eye and heart surgery to aesthetics.From the expression of the primary level official health institution;

Official institution doctors,
The health clinic,
tuberculosis dispensary,
mother-child health and family planning center,
Medical Center,
SSK health station and dispensary is understandable.
From the expression of the primary level private health institution;

 Private outpatient clinics opened within the scope of the Regulation on Private Health Institutions for Outpatient Diagnosis and Treatment will be understood.
Practices opened by physicians individually to practice their profession freely are excluded from this scope.

--Steps for taking      medical care--

From the expression of the secondary level official health institution;

State Hospitals that do not have training and research hospitals,
Private Branch Hospitals,
SSK Hospitals and
Other official institution hospitals are understandable.
From the expression of the secondary level private health institution;

With private hospitals licensed in accordance with the Private Hospitals Regulation
Private medical centers and special branch centers opened within the scope of the Regulation on Private Health Institutions for Outpatient Diagnosis and Treatment will be understood.
From the expression of the tertiary health institution;

Training and research hospitals,
With private branch training and research hospitals
University hospitals will be understood.

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Burak/Cihat Gülseven/Fatih Anatolian High School

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Burak/Cihat Gülseven/Fatih Anatolian High School

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High quality health services are provided in Turkey. With the provision "Everyone has the right to social security" in the Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, the Republic of Turkey, which is a social state, provides access to health services for all its citizens. Both public and private health services are easily accessible and affordable.

Revolutionary steps taken in the field of health as well as in many other fields in Turkey in recent years have made Turkey stand out in health services across the world. While the health infrastructure was rapidly improved, the bed capacity was increased with the newly opened health centers. The increase in the number of physicians specializing in different fields with the modernization of medical education has increased Turkey's level of expertise in many new fields, from eye and heart surgery to aesthetics.

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These are the hospitals established under the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey. Unlike the City Hospitals, the State Hospital and the Training and Research Hospital, they are structured as large regional health complexes. The aim is to meet all kinds of health needs of the people in the region with the most advanced technological and medical facilities by having all kinds of health units within its structure.

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Mariana Ganea's student, Roxana B, Romania, CNMK

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Mariana Ganea's student, Roxana B, Romania, CNMK

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Every citizen of Romania is entitled to cost-free, unrestricted medical procedures, as established by a physician only if they present themselves with a health card as of 9 September 2015, proving to have paid insurance. Citizens of the European Union, along with Romanian citizens without paid insurance have the right to free emergency medical assistance. The first concept of public healthcare appeared in 1700. At the time, it was a common practice for foreign doctors to be brought in to provide healthcare for the upper class. In the major urban areas, medical facilities are generally well-equipped, with world-class private healthcare also available. In rural areas and small towns, healthcare is sub-standard, with patients often asked to buy basic supplies such as gloves and syringes.

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Nilüfer Eylül/Cihat Gülseven/Fatih Anatolian High School

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Nilüfer Eylül/Cihat Gülseven/Fatih Anatolian High School

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Health System İn Turkey

Health Clinics

A health clinic is a service brought about and required by being a social state. They are institutions that are established in underdeveloped, developing, developing regions or regions that are not very crowded in terms of population and provide primary health care services.

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Ece Sude Aslan / Fatih Anatolian High School / Cihat Gülseven

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Ece Sude Aslan / Fatih Anatolian High School / Cihat Gülseven

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Primary Education (Primary and Secondary School)
In Turkey, children have to start primary education at the age of 69 (five and a half years old) months. This education lasts 8 years and is divided into 4+4. Students receive primary school education for the first four years and continue with secondary school education for the next four years.

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Health services in Turkey are controlled by the Ministry of Health through a state system.
There are 3 levels of health system in Turkey. First step, family medicine. 2nd level, state hospitals, private hospitals, 3rd level training and research hospitals and medical faculties.

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Mariana Ganea’s student, Mădălina , Romania, CNMK

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Mariana Ganea’s student, Mădălina , Romania, CNMK

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Primary school follows optional kindergarten at age 7, and takes 4 years. For their entire public school life education will be free, although students may be required to pay for supplementary materials and uniforms. The school year runs from september through to june.

Middle Education

After 4 years of primary education pupils move on to Gymnasium where for the first time they receive exact marks as opposed to grades. The also adapt to multiple teachers and a schedule of up to 32 hours per week, and must adhere to the national curriculum too. Some schools add 1 or 2 subjects more.

Tertiary Education

Romanian universities, historically regarded as the most advanced in Eastern Europe enjoy a high level of administrative independence with own rules for admission, examination and graduation. They include the Universities of Iaşi, Bucharest, Babeş-Bolyai, and the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca UCTN).

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Pre-university education in Turkey is under the control of the Ministry of National Education. A total of 12 years of education, including 4 years of primary school, 4 years of secondary school and 4 high schools, is compulsory.
Children who have completed 69 months as of the end of September are enrolled in primary school. In addition, 66, 67 and 68 months old children who have a written request from their parents are also enrolled in the first grade of primary school.