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- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and a little sulfur.
Amino acids
- the basic building blocks of proteins
Peptide bond
- the covalent bond formed between the amino acids
What are 5 sections of proteins?
- contracting of the muscle tissue
- transporting oxygen to the bloodstream
- providing immunity
- regulating of proteins
- carrying out chemical reactions

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What is a molecule?
A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond is the force that holds two electrons together.
Examples:
Water

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What elements are found in nucleic acids?

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What elements are found in nucleic acids?

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- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Phosphorous atoms
What are 2 examples of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the function of DNA?
Forms the genetic code that determines how an organism looks and acts
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic acid
DNA and RNA work together to make proteins

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What is a Solution?
- Mixture in which one or more substances (solutes) are distributed evenly in another substance (solvent).
Give an example of:
-Solute
The powdered mix
-Solvent
The water where people pour the mix in to make a sugary drink
Describe two reasons solutions are important to living organisms?
1. In organisms, many vital substances, such as sugars and mineral ions, are dissolved in water.
2. The concentration of a solute is important to an organism because they can't live unless the concentration of dissolved substances stays within a specific, narrow range.

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What is a Compound?
Substance composed of atoms of 2 or more different elements that are chemically combined.
What is an Ionic Bond?
Chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between 2 ions of opposite charge.
Give an example"
Sodium+Chlorine= Table salt

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What elements are found in lipids?
Carbon and hydrogen with a small amount if oxygen

What are three functions of lipids?
-Proper functioning of organisms
-Cells use lipids for energy storage, insulation and protective coverings
-Major components of membranes that surround all living cells

What are three examples of lipids?
-Fats
-Oils
-Waxes

Lipids are insoluble in water which means their molecules are non polar and are not attracted by water molecules

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What elements are found in carbohydrates?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

What are the functions of carbohydrates?
Starch- used as energy storage by plant cells and as food reservoirs in seeds and bulbs.
Glycogen- mammals store energy in the liver in this form.
Cellulose- forms the cell walls of plants and gives plants structural support.

What are four examples of carbohydrates?
spaghetti, bread, monosaccharide, polysaccharide.

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Which four elements make up 96% of the human body?
- Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen
Define ATOMS:
- The smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element.
Identify Charge, Location,
- Protons are located inside the nuclei with a positive charge
- Neutrons stay inside the nuclei which have a neutral charge.
- Electrons move rapidly around nuclei composed of protons and neutrons, they have a negative charge
Which claim is true?
- Atoms make up elements - Atoms are the smallest particle; they are the building blocks of all elements.

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Luke, Mylenna, Mossimo What elements are found in proteins?

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Luke, Mylenna, Mossimo What elements are found in proteins?

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- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sometimes sulfur.
Describe/define AMINO ACIDS:
basic building blocks of protein
Describe/Define PEPTIDE BOND:
The covenant bond formed between the amino acids.
What are 5 functions of proteins
contracting of muscle tissue, transporting oxygen in the blood stream, Providing immunity, regulating other proteins, carrying out chemical reactions.

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Why is water important to living organisms? Water transports materials and organisms. Define Polar Molecule. A molecule with an unequal distribution of charge. Has both a positive and negative end.  Finish the following statement: Since water is polar and has positive and negative ends, it can attract  many ionic compounds and many other polar molecules.

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Define pH:
A measure of how acidic or basic a solution is.
Identify the pH of each of the following:
Acid: (pH<7)
Base: (pH>7)
Neutral: (pH=7)
Give an example of each of the following:
Strong acid: Lemon
Weak acid: Milk
Neutral: Pure water
Weak base: Egg
Strong base: Drain cleaner