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The Roman army was known for its tactical skills, organisation, and discipline, and it was one of the most effective and long-lasting armies in military history. This allowed for Rome to conquer many places.

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Latin is the foundation of the romance languages used today, and Latin is known as the language of learning. Even though English is not a romance language, it still has many words derived from Latin which shows how prominent Latin's impact was on the world's languages.

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The Romans were inspired by the Greeks for sculptures, but they also developed many art forms themselves. They developed bas-relief which is when the image sticks out of a flat surface, and they developed mosaics which is when shards of colored glass are used to form pictures or patterns. They were also known for frescoes which are mural paintings which are painted on fresh plaster. These art forms were used as inspiration for many other art forms, and they can still be seen in our modern-day world.

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Roman literature was greatly influenced by Greek literature, so it often included Greek ideas and themes. Aeneid was a poem written by, Roman poet, Virgil, and it was written in hopes of boosting patriotism. Tacitus' Annals and Histories addressed the good and the bad of Rome. Rome's vast literature also allowed for Roman history to be recorded well.

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The Romans developed a distinct architectural style which was full of grandeur. They developed domes, arches, and were the first to utilize concrete. They also developed aqueducts which allowed them to transport water effectively. Roman architecture is still used today for important buildings and some grand houses.

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One of the most lasting impacts. Roman government was responsible for the notion that law should apply equally and fairly to all people. Rome's laws became the foundation of many legal systems today. Some of the laws were: all persons have the right to equal treatment under the law, a person is innocent until proven guilty, and a person should be punished for actions, not thoughts. The Romans also developed a distinct government structure which is very similar to one used in America today. Their government had three branches, a legal code, and similar guidelines for citizenship.

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Romans sustained trade through their network of roads which allowed for them to have a substantial economy. Emperor Diocletian also set fixed prices for goods and services to try to reduce inflation in a time of economic crisis.

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Julius Caesar: He was well known for his powerful military campaigns during the Gallic Wars. He was also made dictator for life and, subsequently, was assassinated by some Roman senators.
Octavian ("Augustus"): The first Roman emperor. He initiated the Pax Romana and restored the republic while donning himself as princeps.
Nero: The last Roman emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, and he was infamous for his lack of sanity and his persecution of Christians.

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This map shows the whole of Rome during the height of the empire.