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Puritans were made for religious reform, as a way to purify and simplify the church since the Church of England as well as any Church of all Catholicism. They were hardcore and wanted to stay in the roots of God in order to remain in his graces. All moved to Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1620 to have a result in religious freedom. Their theological beliefs sprouted from Calvinism, in four parts, one is total depravity or everyone is born a sinner due to Adam and Eve. Secondly, predestination, meaning salvation belongs only to the "elect" (God's chosen one) and also limited atonement, God only died for the chosen "elect". Lastly, believing in grace which is the gift of salvation to all, something you didn't deserve but was gifted anyway.

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It began with Betty Parris when she got really sick, at the time the only possible reason to why she was terribly ill was because of witchcraft. As rumors began to spread it came out that Ann Putnam, Mercy Lewis, and Mary Walcott all started to display the same unusual behavior as Betty. A doctor's diagnosis of an examination of all the girls made the idea of witches targeting children more and more likely, all leading to supernatural causes. As time went on, the girls said the witches were casting spells and freaking out the accused. The evidence was that girls were able to stay in awkward poses for hours (stay frozen), could have their skin feel icy cold, and often complained of biting/pinching sensations and had claw marks appear on their skin.

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There was eight main reasons as to why Salem was in chaos, firstly and secondly, it was the belief that Satan was alive and actively recruiting witches+wizards to join his mission to bring everyone down under. Thirdly, it was believed that anyone who was involved n any sort of witchcraft showed certain symptoms and had a specific marking on their body. Also it was a "time of troubles", meaning that the Puritans chose a bad time to move as it was near winter time, they were not prepared for, and had many frontier wars with the Native Indians. Furthermore, the over-imaginations of Tituba, she told stories and did spells for the girls, stimulated the teenage girls' imaginations as their only form of entertainment was reading the Bible. To add to this, their boredom came to a boiling point and many people today point that all of the stories of witchcraft in the small town was made up. Including to the reasons, some people were confessing being witches adding credibility to past charges made for them. Finally, old feuds made from land disputes were brought up as a way to bring them to the next level by taking them to court. If the accused were found guilty and sentenced to jail, the following day the accuser would end up buying their land.

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At the end of the trials, by the year 1692, over 200 people were jailed due to false charges and 19 of each gender were sentenced to be hanged. To note, an eighty year old man was convicted but never uttered a word towards this accusation. Instead he let heavy stones crush him to death, his final words were "more weight". This was because they were trying to crush the truth out of him since he refused to do it peacefully. Some people were just sent to jail without a trial waiting many months with nothing.

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Miller is an American playwright and has won a Pulitzer Prize for Drama. To give a background as to why the Crucible was written, he publicly refused to give evidence in the house of Un-American Activities Committee against his fellow friends for being communists. As the "Red Scare" continues Miller wrote the Crucible as a way to make a modern point that they haven't learned from the past. His play ended up bombing at its initial release, since critics didn't want to be considered communists by supporting the play, but to modern day its remarked as one of Miller's frequently produced works to date.