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The northern economy was industrial, most of the work was done in factories. The south was agricultural, producing cotton and tobbacco through the use of slavery. The union produced more food than the confederacy. The union had batter transportation through railroad and shipping ports as well.

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Used rifles instead of muskets. Amputations were the most common way of curing a shot limb. One of the leaders was Ulysses S grant.

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Confederate leader General Lee had an unsuccessful invasion on philly. The union started the anaconda plan. They captured the missisipi river and captured the fort vicksburg and began choking the south of their supplies

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The battle of bull run was the first big battle of the civil war the battle was physically and mentally exausted. Some people even packed lunches to see the fight.

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As promised, Lincoln later issued a final Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863. It is important to note that the Emancipation Proclamation did not end slavery in the United States, or in any areas where the federal government could enforce its terms. Because Lincoln wanted to avoid hostility in the border states, the proclamation did not apply to the slave states that remained in the Union. Emancipation applied only to the states that had seceded, who were already ignoring U.S. laws. Emancipation also did not apply in Confederate territory that the Union Army already controlled. As a result, Tennessee and parts of Louisiana and Virginia were exempted. Secretary of State William Seward said, “We show our sympathy with slavery by emancipating slaves where we cannot reach them and holding them in bondage where we can set them free.”

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Several battles and skirmishes occurred in the months after Antietamglossary. Confederate General Stonewall Jackson was wounded at the Battle of Chancellorsville, in Virginia, in May 1863. General Lee said, “He has lost his left arm; but I have lost my right arm.” Jackson died a few days later of pneumonia. Lee wrote, “It is a terrible loss. I do not know how to replace him.” But a Confederate victory at Chancellorsville convinced Lee to attempt a second invasion of Union territory.

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This was the turning point in the war By the spring of 1863, Vicksburg had been a Union target for months, but attempts to capture it were unsuccessful until General Ulysses S. Grantglossary took over. Grant’s strategy was to circle behind Vicksburg and cut the rail line that provided supplies to the town. Grant’s forces moved into position from the east, forcing the Confederates to back up to the cliffs. Union forces spread out until they surrounded the city. The Confederate position was fortified, so Union forces could not overrun it. But the Confederates were trapped.

The Union Army laid siege to Vicksburg beginning May 19, 1863. Over the following weeks the city’s supplies ran out, and civilians and soldiers began to starve. They ate mules, rats, and tree bark to survive. On July 4 the city finally surrendered. It was only one day after the Union victory at Gettysburg.

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Combat continued after the battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg. Most of these battles were Union victories, but the Confederacy refused to surrender even though the death toll continued to rise. A key turning point arrived when President Lincoln appointed Ulysses S. Grant as general-in-chief in March 1864.

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As General Sherman moved through the Confederacy from west to east, the Union's top general, Ulysses S. Grant began a push toward the Confederate capital in Richmond, Virginia. In the spring of 1864, Union soldiers attacked the Robert E. Lee's Confederate troops in several costly battles in Virginia, including the Battles of the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House. In each battle, the Union army tried to push past the Confederates to gain a clear path to Richmond.  In each battle, the Confederates fought, then fell back, preventing the Union from advancing too quickly.  Both armies lost many soldiers. But in the end the Confederates surrendred

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While lincoln was watching a play he was shot in the head by a person named john whelks booth. He shot lincoln in the head and jumped off the balcony where he breaks a leg and flees. This was a sad day for everyone.