# data[].attributes.headline
Classification systems in mental health provide a standardized framework for categorizing and organizing different mental disorders. Two well-known classification systems are the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)

# data[].attributes.subject
Classification systems in mental health provide a standardized framework for categorizing and organizing different mental disorders. Two well-known classification systems are the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)

# data[].attributes.headline
It's important to note that classification systems are continuously evolving, and ongoing research and feedback contribute to updates and revisions. They provide a common language for clinicians and researchers, but they should be used as tools alongside thorough clinical assessment and consideration of an individual's unique circumstances.

# data[].attributes.subject
It's important to note that classification systems are continuously evolving, and ongoing research and feedback contribute to updates and revisions. They provide a common language for clinicians and researchers, but they should be used as tools alongside thorough clinical assessment and consideration of an individual's unique circumstances.

# data[].attributes.headline
Dsm iv-tr 2 and ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders are most widely used in making psychiatric diadnosis.  

# data[].attributes.subject
Dsm iv-tr 2 and ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders are most widely used in making psychiatric diadnosis.  

# data[].attributes.headline
Tortelli et al. (2015) noted that despite improved study methods over time, there has been a higher rate of psychotic disorders in Black Caribbean ethnic groups in England over the past 60 years.

# data[].attributes.subject
Tortelli et al. (2015) noted that despite improved study methods over time, there has been a higher rate of psychotic disorders in Black Caribbean ethnic groups in England over the past 60 years.

# data[].attributes.body
It is reliable when doctors or clinicians use the same classification system .

# data[].attributes.body
Validity- must be able to classify a pattern of symptoms which can lead to effective treatments, this can be a complicated issue and psychiatrists tend to rely on the patients self reported info

# data[].attributes.body
Classification systems like the the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) are essential for organizing and categorizing mental disorders to aid in diagnosis, treatment, and research. The DSM, published by the APA, is widely used in North America and provides a comprehensive framework based on symptom criteria, duration, and impairment levels. It aims to enhance reliability by offering specific diagnostic criteria for consistent diagnoses. However, concerns about overdiagnosis and the lack of biological markers for validity have been raised.

On the other hand, the ICD, published by the WHO and used globally, takes a broader biopsychosocial approach. It considers biological, psychological, and social factors and emphasizes the importance of context, cultural factors, and subjective experiences. The ICD is regularly updated based on scientific evidence and expert consensus.

The reliability and validity of classification systems have been subject to scrutiny. The Rosenhan study, "On Being Sane in Insane Places" (1973), highlighted concerns about misdiagnosis. Pseudopatients claimed to experience auditory hallucinations, were admitted to psychiatric hospitals, and then behaved normally while seeking discharge. None were identified as healthy during their stay, raising questions about the accuracy of psychiatric diagnosis and the ability of classification systems to capture the complexity and subjectivity of mental disorders.

# data[].attributes.body
It is reliable because it is a manual that has been designed to be a tool for psychologists and psychiatrists to use in order to give people a proper diagnosis and the correct treatment for their mental disorders.
On the other hand, the most recent revision of the DSM has had a decrease of over 50 disorders, it now only has 237 orders. Suggesting new studies and research is being explored around what is or isn't a mental disorder.

# data[].attributes.headline
Overlap in symptoms between disorders can suggest lack of validity

# data[].attributes.subject
Overlap in symptoms between disorders can suggest lack of validity

# data[].attributes.body
If a patient presents with certain symptoms, one doctor may diagnose them with one disorder, but another doctor may diagnose them with the other disorder that presents the same symptom

# data[].attributes.body
Reliability has been an issue with mental illness classifications because for example both doctors may confirm someone has an anxiety disorder but might not agree on the type of disorder

# data[].attributes.body
Classification - Aims to ease understanding and communication between clinicians and researchers. It allows for consistent and reliable research.

One one hand the classification systems allow there to be a set layout for diagnosing an abnormality through looking at what symptoms are being displayed and the time in which a patient should be displaying these symptoms. Classification systems in theory should give the same diagnosis each time the symptoms are put into the data base.

However, it may be unreliable as the diagnosis may not be included on the system as well the fact that symptoms overlap/are similar for a lot of diagnosis.

# data[].attributes.headline
Critics point out that 69% of the DSM-5 task force participants have links to the pharmaceutical industry,. This suggests that the manual may overly medicalise conditions, implying that even relatively normal or non-serious behavior and mood patterns require treatment, often in the form of medication. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Critics point out that 69% of the DSM-5 task force participants have links to the pharmaceutical industry,. This suggests that the manual may overly medicalise conditions, implying that even relatively normal or non-serious behavior and mood patterns require treatment, often in the form of medication. 

# data[].attributes.headline
Overall I think DSM and the ICD give as structure in diagnosing mental health conditions. Validity of some disorders may not always be accurate, representing the basic psychological symptoms. Realibility of certain disorder has been researched but findings are mixed represented.

# data[].attributes.subject
Overall I think DSM and the ICD give as structure in diagnosing mental health conditions. Validity of some disorders may not always be accurate, representing the basic psychological symptoms. Realibility of certain disorder has been researched but findings are mixed represented.