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An impact of transport systems of people is health risks.

When fuels are burnt to power transport, harmful pollutants are released into the atmosphere, which humans breathe in, resulting in increased health risks causing respiratory problems for people. For example, 5000 premature deaths occurred in the UK due to the health risks posed by the vehicle emissions.

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Impact: Transport impacts in many ways. Good or bad. The transport systems allows people to travel to places with ease but car-dominated transport systems contribute to bad causes like health problems or global warming

Description: Transport provides access to education, employment, healthcare, food and other amenities but car-dominated transport systems contribute to major global health challenges, including climate change, air pollution, obesity and road injury.

Located example: Singapore

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Impact: Improve mobility for elderlies and people with disabilities.

Description: The barrier free transport system that caters to all ages allows the PWD and elderlies to move around more easily and independently. There are also tactile indicators installed for the visually impaired to navigate its way around better.

Located Examples: Singapore MRT stations

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impact: improves mobility for the elderly and people with disabilities

describe: mobility is the ability of people and freight to move from place to place allowing us to access basic goods and services and facilitates social interactions which are necessary for our emotional well-being. Sometimes, physical capabilities and health-related conditions limit the mobility of different people, specifically the elderly and people with disabilities. These groups of people face barriers that hinder them from carrying out daily activities and prevent them from having equal access to opportunities that are available. So, the provision of age-friendly and barrier-free transport systems enable the elderly and PWDs to move around and access opportunities independently, which improves there mobility.

located examples: Singapore MRT stations have tactile indicators and lifts installed.

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One of the impact of transport systems on people is traffic congestion. Traffic congestion occurs when the usage of vehicles on the road exceeds the capacity of vehicles on the road especially during peak hours in the mornings and evenings. When there is traffic congestion, drivers and passengers become very frustrated because the vehicles move very slowly. This may lead to aggressive behaviour or losing focus, increasing accidents. Clementi Road is constantly identified as one of the roads with the worst congestion in Singapore during peak hour.

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positive impact:
1. high accessibility --> efficient transport system -> allows people to reach their desired destinations more easily and quickly, like commuting to work, accessing education and healthcare facilities, shopping, and participating in recreational activities. Improved accessibility can enhance opportunities for employment, education, and overall quality of life.

2. affordable --> the cost of transportation can have a significant impact on people, particularly those with limited financial resources. Access to affordable and efficient transport options is crucial for equitable access to education, healthcare, employment, and other essential services.

negative impacts:
1. environmental --> transport systems have a significant environmental impact, primarily due to greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles. Increased reliance on private cars can contribute to air pollution and climate change.
2. higher stress when public transport is crowded or commute is long --> congested and inefficient transport systems can result in stress, frustration, and reduced quality of life for individuals. Long commuting times and traffic congestion can negatively affect mental well-being and overall happiness.

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Car-dominated transport systems contribute to major global health challenges, including climate change, air pollution, noise pollution and traffic congestion. This is because a typical passenger vehicle emits about 4.6 metric tons of carbon dioxide per year. This could lead to humans getting stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, trachea, bronchus and lung cancers, aggravated asthma and lower respiratory infections when they respire the polluted air.

Located example: America

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Impact: Transport systems can improve social connections and integration between people.

Description: Transport systems allow people to connect with friends, family and social networks by facilitating travel between different social and recreational destinations. It also allows a sense of community and shared experiences, therefore promoting interactions with one another and making a more cohesive society.

Located Examples: Singapore

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They enable everyday mobility and allows people and freight to move from place to place. It also allows for social and economic interactions which are necessary for their personal well-being and the economy of the country. It is also necessary for tourist so they can get around the country easily without any problems. It also allows people with disabilities or the elderly to travel around safely and comfortably which improves their mobility. In Singapore, we have the Mass Rapid Transport system which connects Singapore from one end to the other in every direction. It also gives support for people with disabilities and the elderly which makes it convenient for everyone who uses it.

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1. Fossil fuels are needed for transport systems to work, when fuel is burnt to power these transport modes it pollutes he environment which increases the health risk of people. (eg respiratory problems) Studies have found that vehicle emissions have caused nearly 5000 pre-mature deaths in the UK and over 53 000 pre mature deaths in he US annually.
2. Those who stay near transport nodes suffer from noise pollution. Traffic noise may act as a stressor and disturb night time sleep, reduce work performance, hearing impairment and heart related illnesses

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Impact: Transport systems has a negatives impacts on people, one example being health risk.

Describe: Air is polluted as petrol is burnt to power vehicles, which causes harmful air pollutants to be released into the atmosphere. This causes respiratory problems such as breathing difficulty, asthma, eye irritation, lung infection and a higher risk of lung cancer. Due to more people using transport systems, traffic noises is becoming an increasingly serious problem.

Located examples: According to 2020 European Environment Agency report, one in four Europeans are exposed to road traffic noise levels that exceed 55dB.

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Impact: Transport systems make it more accessible for people to move around.

Description: A well-developed and efficient transport system improves accessibility, allowing people to reach their desired destinations more easily. It enables people to access education, employment, healthcare, social activities, and other essential services, contributing to their overall quality of life.

Located Examples: Hong Kong.

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negative:
-unneccessary noise produced->when cars drive past the houses, they sometimes emit loud noises disturbing nearby residents
-stress->in vietnam, most vehicles do not obey traffic lights and keep driving. this creates stress for the tourists or the locals when there is much difficulty to cross the road
-potential for overcrowding->during peak hours, the public transportation may be very crowded

positive:
-greater accessiblility->disabled commuters or elderly can easily board the public transport without any worries
-can reach destinations faster->after the construction of BKE, residents living woodlands can now travel from bukit timah to the north of singapore quicker

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1) Improved mobility for people
- Allows people with disabilities and people who are elderly to move about the city easier to run errands and have social interactions
- Neighbourhoods in Singapore have Silver Zones that have enhanced and customised road safety features for the elderly.
2) Traffic Congestion
- During peak hours, the traffic gets really congested. Thus, having public transports allows more people to use them and therefore, there will be lesser traffic congestion.
3) Health risks
- When fuel is burnt to power transport modes, harmful gases will entre the human body resulting in health risks
4) Health diseases
- Since there is public transport that is so cheap, people will get lazy to even walk a short distance and this will result in health issues such as obesity.

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The impacts of transport on people are when fuel is burnt to power transport modes, air pollutants and particulate matter are produced which are harmful and is released into the atmosphere. This causes health risks like asthma, eye and lung irritation or lung infection and more. An example is in the US where studies have shown that over 53000 premature deaths happen annually because of the harmful pollutants.