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Clearer definitions of bilingual education are created and schools are required to teach in students home language, it they are receiving grants. Sparked debates on how much a student's home language should be used in school. I think this is an important piece of history because definitions serve as the basis for a starting point for change to come about as people cannot be part of creating change for an issue they do not fully understand.

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It reauthorized ESEA and was effective for over a decade. Brought the term "Limited English Proficiency" (LEP) to the table and in turn, bringing on a deficit approach in looking at what students lack. It also silenced the term "bilingual" and caused a narrow view on English language development. This is an important point in history because it is a large piece of educational history that most people remember as a positive idea; however, it did not serve ELLs well at all and seems to have taken steps backwards, rather than forwards.

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When President Obama was elected into office he brought "Race to the Top" in as part of his Recovery Act in attempts to have states reform education. Most of the reforms planned to still revolve quite heavily on high stakes testing. This is important as although ELLs were included in the standards that would need to be reached, high stakes testing and teacher performance based on testing was not disheartening for advocates of ELLs.

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Created standards in English Language Arts and mathematics. Common Core was adopted widespread in a very short period of time. ELL educators were concerned about still the idea of high stakes testing and having to prepare students for English only exams. This is important as while standards across states seems like a beneficial idea, it still caused hesitation from educators; however, this did not last long before ESEA flexibility was created to alleviate some of the conditions of the standards.

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The creation of an award for students with excellent bilingual skills was created in California to recognize and appreciate graduating seniors in California, but quickly went national. The award recognizes the benefits of being bilingual and it is something employers will likely seek out. This is important as it seems to be one of the first times students are rewarded for being bilingual, rather than seen from a deficit perspective.