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In the 1630s, French immigrants began arriving in Port-Royal, Acadia, a French colony in modern-day Nova Scotia. In 1713, the Treaty of Utrecht gave land near Acadia to the British while allowing the French to remain in Acadia. However, they refused to sign an allegiance to Britain, and some even fought in the French military in fortresses near Acadia. After the outbreak of the French and Indian war, the British began deporting the Acadians, some to British North American colonies and some back to England and France. Many of the Acadians migrated again after being deported- the Acadians deported to the colonies went to port cities and the Acadians deported to Europe migrated to Louisiana, becoming the Cajuns.

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1) Every migration flow generates return or counter migration.

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1) Every migration flow generates return or counter migration.

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Much later after they were initially deported some of the Acadians migrated back to where they or their ancestors were from.

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Forced Migration applies that a group of people were forced out of an area and sent to another. In the example of the French Acadians they were forced out of Acadia(modern day Nova Scotia) by the British and sent to British North American colonies.

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From Acadian to Cajun - Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve (U.S. National Park Service)

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A brief article explaining part of the French Acadians migration to Louisiana.

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From Acadian to Cajun - Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve (U.S. National Park Service)

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The three Acadian cultural centers of Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve share the stories and customs of the Acadians who came to Louisiana and became the Cajuns, people proud of their French roots who adapted to a new land and a new life.

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2) Majority of people who migrate move short distances.

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2) Majority of people who migrate move short distances.

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This does not really relate to this example because the French Acadians were forced out of their homes and migrated across the Atlantic Ocean. This is not really a short distance.

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Deportation refers to the expulsion of a foreigner from a country. The term applies here because once the British gained control of Acadia, the Acadians living on it were foreigners because they were French and loyal to the French crown, not the British. When the Acadians refused to swear an oath of allegiance to Britain and continued helping the French, the British made the decision to deport them, first to the British American colonies and then back to France and England.

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Representing that many of the French Acadians were moved to modern day Louisiana.

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3) Migrants moving long distances tend to end up in big cities.

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3) Migrants moving long distances tend to end up in big cities.

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The colonies they were sent to I would not consider those cities. However they were the more highly developed areas of the present day North America. We also need to remember when considering these laws that this group of people were forced out of where they lived so some of these laws may not completely make sense.

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When the second wave of Acadians were deported back to England and France, the French government encouraged them to migrate to Louisiana, a colony of Spain, and the Caribbean to colonize it. The Acadians most notably tried to colonize French Guiana and the Falkland Islands, but both attempts were unsuccessful. In French Guiana, the Acadians were almost wiped out by the tropical diseases and the harsh climate, and the French gave their claim on the land to Spain in the Falkland Islands only two years after arriving.

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This video summarizes the deporting of French Acadian’s and some of the events that led up to it. (Use captions it is a little difficult to understand)

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Repatriation is when people return to their country or where they are from. Some of the Acadians later returned to France, which was where they were from. After they were deported some of the Acadian generations over time migrated back to Acadia.

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Step migration is when a person or group of people migrate to a final destination in several steps. For instance, Acadians who were sent to the American colonies were sent to rural locations, but many migrated to larger port cities and banded together in French neighborhoods. Many of the Acadians who were deported back to France and England migrated to Louisiana, a Spanish territory, and the Caribbean islands to colonize them.

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4) Urban residents are less migratory than people living in rural areas. 

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4) Urban residents are less migratory than people living in rural areas. 

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This law of Ravenstein also does not really apply to the forceful removal of the Acadians from Canada. However after the initial deportation, the Acadians who were deported to rural areas tended to move to more urban areas, especially in the colonies, and they tended to stick together there. Also, the Acadians who were deported to rural France and England re-migrated to Louisiana and the Caribbean.

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Military service applies to the Acadians because it is one of the reasons the British wanted to kick them out. When Britain took control of Acadia in 1713, France remained in possession of land nearby and had two fortresses- Louisbourg and Fort Beausejour- located there. During the French and Indian War, some Acadians living on British territory either helped keep up supply lines to the fortresses or outright joined the French military to fight against the British. In 1755, the British made the decision to begin deporting the Acadians so they could no longer help the French in the war.

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5) Families are less likely to make international moves. 

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5) Families are less likely to make international moves. 

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This law does not apply to the Acadian migration because the British forced the Acadians out. Additionally, there is not much information available on exactly which types of people migrated  from Britain and France overseas to Louisiana and the Caribbean, so we cannot say for sure whether or not Acadian families were likely to move internationally.