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Do you have any ideas about how food travels through the body?

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We discuss toghether both in english and italian because in this phase it's important to understand and focus on the topic

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AGENDA 2030 Goal 3 aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all, at all ages. Therefore it’s important to get to know how our body works.

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After completing the lesson, the student will be able to:

-List internal organs that take part in digestion.

-Explain functions of internal organs that take part in digestion.

-Illustrate the way digestive system works.

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FIRST PHASE: FOCUS  on the actions we do when we eat

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FIRST PHASE: FOCUS  on the actions we do when we eat

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We invite students to focus their attention on the actions they perform from when they put food in their mouth until they swallow it.

Then we invite them to list all the actions.

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Digestive System | The Dr. Binocs Show | Learn Videos For Kids

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Understanding the Human Digestive System

1. What is the first stage of digestion?
a. Swallowing
b. Chewing
c. Absorption
d. Elimination

2. What helps break down food particles in the mouth?
a. Saliva
b. Bile
c. Acids
d. Enzymes from the pancreas

3. How long does food typically remain in the stomach?
a. 1 hour
b. 2 hours
c. 4 hours
d. 6 hours

4. What enzyme in the stomach helps break down proteins?
a. Amylase
b. Pepsin
c. Lipase
d. Trypsin

5. What organ is responsible for producing bile?
a. Pancreas
b. Liver
c. Stomach
d. Small intestine

6. What is absorbed by the small intestine?
a. Water
b. Waste material
c. Nutrients
d. Bacteria

7. What does the large intestine primarily absorb?
a. Nutrients
b. Water
c. Acids
d. Enzymes

8. What does the large intestine produce that helps boost immunity?
a. Proteins
b. Enzymes
c. Antibodies
d. Fats

9. Which pipe carries food to the stomach?
a. Trachea
b. Esophagus
c. Aorta
d. Small intestine

10. What happens to the food that is not absorbed by the small intestine?
a. It is digested completely
b. It goes to the large intestine
c. It is eliminated immediately
d. It is stored in the stomach

Answer Key:

1. b (00:00:59)

2. a (00:00:59)

3. c (00:01:45)

4. b (00:01:45)

5. b (00:02:08)

6. c (00:02:33)

7. b (00:02:56)

8. c (00:02:56)

9. b (00:01:23)

10. b (00:02:33)

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Vocabulary:

abdomen, alimentary canal, digest, digestion, digestive, ingestion, egestion, saliva, mouth cavity, crush, grind, break down, chew, chyme, bolus, gullet(oesophagus), stomach, acid(ic), bile, peristalsis, intestine, mucus, villus/villi, colon, anus, faeces, water-soluble, fat-soluble

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Summary of the Human Digestive System Video

The video begins with a light-hearted introduction, inviting viewers to explore the journey of food through the human digestive system. It highlights that digestion is a process where large, insoluble food particles are broken down into smaller, water-soluble molecules for absorption into the bloodstream, ultimately providing energy to the body.

Stages of Digestion

1. Chewing: The first stage of digestion occurs when food is chewed, breaking it down into smaller pieces. Saliva, which contains enzymes, further assists in the breakdown of food particles.

2. Swallowing: Once chewed, the tongue helps push the food down the throat, entering the esophagus, also known as the food pipe.

3. Stomach Processing: The food travels down the esophagus to the stomach, where it resides for about four hours. The stomach releases acids and enzymes, including Pepsin, which specifically helps digest proteins. This stage also serves to kill harmful bacteria, protecting the body from illness.

4. Small Intestine: After the stomach, the food moves to the small intestine. Here, juices from the liver and pancreas further break down the food. The liver produces bile to digest fats, while the pancreas releases various enzymes for different types of food.

5. Absorption: In the small intestine, the broken-down particles are absorbed into the bloodstream and transported throughout the body. Any unabsorbed particles then move to the large intestine.

6. Large Intestine: The large intestine absorbs water and remaining nutrients, preparing waste material for elimination from the body. Interestingly, it also produces antibodies that enhance immunity.

Fun Facts: The video concludes with trivia about the digestive system, including a fun fact about the lining of the stomach turning red when someone blushes, paralleling changes in facial color.

The video encourages healthy eating and digestion, emphasizing the importance of maintaining good dietary habits for overall health. It wraps up with a playful farewell, inviting viewers to return for more fun facts in the future.

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What is the digestive system? - BBC Bitesize

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Learn about the digestive system with this Year 4 Bitesize Science guide.

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Digestion Experiment

To try this digestion science experiment all you need are a few simple items you probably already have on hand:

1 banana

6-8 crackers

1-2 Tablespoon lemon juice or clear vinegar

ziplock plastic bag

old pair of tights or stockings

plastic funnel

2 paper or styrofoam cups

gloves

scissors

tray or container to contain the mess

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Start off by showing your students the banana and cracker. Ask them what happens when we eat our food. The simple answer is the food goes in our mouth, then reaches the stomach, through the intestines, and out the other end as poop.

But why does it look so different when it comes out? It comes out a different color, texture, and ….. well it smells. Basically, all the healthy ingredients have been absorbed by your body as the food was broken down and all that is left is the leftover, unused waste. In this fascinating and memorable human body science project children will learn and visualize what happens to the food they eat.

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Lesson Idea: Digestive System Experiment | Reach Out CPD

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Gather all your supplies and put on your gloves. Pour 1-2 tablespoon of vinegar or lemon juice in your ziplock bag. Now it’s time to demonstrate the digestive process.

For our digetsive system model we are going to jump right to step 4 when the food is in the stomach. For the digestion experiment, students will put the food (banana and crackers) directly into the ziplock stomach. Seal it and have kids squish it, along with the stomach acid lemon juice or vinegar around.

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Now the food goes into the intestines. Cut off the corner of the ziplock bag and send the mush through a pair of stockings with the foot cut off. Have the stockings hang over a bin to catch the mess liquid being re-absorbed into the body as nutrients. While the intestine is lined with sheets of muscle that contract and release to move the material down, in our project the kids will have to serve as the muscle. They will squeeze the food down the instestines.

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As the food is squeezed own the tights the excess liquid along with the nutrients will leave the intestine where it will be used by the body.

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Remember how the large intestine includes the colon which tries to get the last bit of liquid nutrients out? Put a cup on top of the large inststine cup and push down to do two things:

extra liquid will come out (in your body it would be absorbed)

the waste will go out the bottom hole in the form and shape of poop

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Create a Fun Human Digestive System with Clay

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Create a Fun Human Digestive System with Clay

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Engage kids in an educational clay model craft session to construct the human digestive system, fostering understanding through hands-on learning.

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Songs for Teaching | Make Learning Musical

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Have you ever considered why we say expressions such as:

“I’m worried sick!”

“I have butterflies!”

Or why

You need to go the loo more regularly when you experience fear or nerves!

You may have a stomach-ache when you are worry, overthink or feel frustrated!

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The digestive system in the human body for kids - Smile and Learn

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Reasons to move more

Being physically active can work wonders on your child’s digestive system, for instance:

Regular exercise stimulates intestinal muscles to contract, thus regulating his bowel movements.

Help relieve constipation by moving food through his digestive system.

Better absorb nutrients.

Feel better while exercising.

Helps gas pass through the digestivetract quicker.

Maintaining regular physical activity will help prevent obesity, indigestion, and diverticulosis.

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What you can do about it

Being physically active can work wonders on your child’s digestive system, for instance:

Encourage an active lifestyle.

Discourage extended periods of inactivity e.g. long hours playing computer games or watching TV.

Limit screen time.

Get them involved with household chores, sports, and other games.

Teach them the importance of being physically active.

As parents, it is important to keep two main things in mind:

1. Ensure your own lifestyle incorporates physical activity (children tend to follow their parents’ lifestyle)

2. Keep a part of your child’s daily schedule free for physical activity such as games, sports, or any form of unstructured play

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THE FUTURE IS IN OUR HANDS

As the well-known proverb goes “We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.” We can meet our needs today without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. And this can be done very simply. Whether we are meat-eaters or vegetarians, by thinking about the way in which we eat we can create the solutions that will safeguard the future of this, our one and only planet. And there’s even better news: what’s healthy for the planet is generally healthy for people too.

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Video Transcript

PEAR Do you know what mate? I just got a bit bored hanging around. So it’s great to come somewhere different - have a change of scene. You know?

CUCUMBER Aye. It’s good to travel. Where is it you’re from?

PEAR Outside. There. In the garden.

CUCUMBER Ah! You’re a local. I’m pretty local too. Well, Scottish anyway. D’you wanna see my tattoo?

PEAR Not really, that’s not a tattoo that’s a sticker, pal.

CUCUMBER Oh…

PEAR Aye. It says “Product of Scotland”.

CUCUMBER Scottish and proud.

PEAR Oh.

CUCUMBER Oh!

THE GREAT SPOON That sticker tells shoppers where you came from. You come from Scotland so you haven’t had to travel far. That’s better for the environment. And it means you’re fresher too.

PEAR I don’t have a sticker but then I literally came from the human’s garden.

THE GREAT SPOON Some foods can be produced easily in Scotland. Some can only grow in greenhouses that are warmer. You grew in a greenhouse in Inverclyde and were driven fifty miles to the supermarket. That chocolate bar travelled here too, but from far, far away.

CUCUMBER I’ve actually never seen a chocolate bar tree! Where do they grow?

CHOCOLATE BAR There’s no such thing as a chocolate bar tree! I come all the way from Switzerland – that’s where I was made.

CUCUMBER Oh…

CHOCOLATE BAR Milk from Europe was mixed with sugar from Brazil and my main ingredient, cocoa beans from Ghana. That’s in Africa. I’ve properly travelled.

THE GREAT SPOON Cocoa beans need humid weather - warm and wet. That’s why they are grown in parts of Africa. Like so many other foods, cocoa beans get from where they grew to where they were processed using many methods of transport: a truck to the port then a boat to Europe then another truck. The journey can take weeks!

PEAR And now you’re in Scotland! You’re a very well travelled bar of chocolate!

CHOCOLATE BAR 6,400 miles in total.

CUCUMBER That’s a lot of food miles.

PEAR Food miles? What are food miles?

THE GREAT SPOON Travelling by boat, plane and truck all use up energy. And that releases greenhouse gases that add to global warming.

PEAR And to think, I grew just out there in the garden not even 10 metres away!

THE GREAT SPOON The fewer food miles the better. Local foods like you add less to global warming. Cutting down on foods with lots of food miles can help the environment.

PEAR People can still enjoy them, just not so often.

CUCUMBER Here’s an idea. We could plant chocolate bar trees and grow our own chocolate bars in the garden!

PEAR Pal, have you no been listening to anything anyone’s been saying?

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What are sustainable food and food miles? - BBC Bitesize

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Find out about food miles and sustainable food production with CfE 2nd level Health and Wellbeing on BBC Bitesize Scotland.

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Video Transcript

THE GREAT SPOON Ladies and gentlemen, knives and forks…Tonight… We quiz!

EVERYONE CHEERS

THE GREAT SPOON There are five food groups. Each of you belong to one of these groups! In order to find out which group you belong to we shall quiz like we have never quizzed before! If you think the riddle is about you then, shout “ME!” and name the type of food you think you are.

EGG Me!

THE GREAT SPOON We haven’t started yet, Egg. OK so riddle one…

“Butter me, toast me, enjoy me for my vitamin B”

BREAD Me! Carbohydrates!

THE GREAT SPOON Correct Bread! You make a tasty toasty breakfast or a yummy sandwich lunch. And you’re a carbohydrate so you keep energy levels up. Please go and join your fellow carbohydrates.

CARBOHYDRATES CHEER

THE GREAT SPOON Riddle two…

“I’m a calcium king who can be melted and grated!”

STRAWBERRY Me! Fruits and vegetables!

THE GREAT SPOON Oooh incorrect, Strawberry. Any other guesses?

CHEESE Me! Dairy!

THE GREAT SPOON Correct! Well done, Cheese! Calcium in dairy helps keep bones strong! Go and see your fellow dairy friends.

DAIRY CHEERS

THE GREAT SPOON Riddle three…

“I can be one of your five a day. I’m stuffed to my green tips with vitamin C and iron. I look like a tree but luckily I don’t taste like one!”

EGG Broccoli, you look a bit like a tree.

BROCCOLI Me! Fruit and vegetables!

THE GREAT SPOON Spot on! Nice one, Broccoli. Fruit and vegetables are stuffed with vitamins and fibre that keep the digestive system working. Go and take a seat with the other fruit and veg!

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES CHEER

THE GREAT SPOON Riddle four…

“Spread me, bake with me, keep me in the fridge. Once upon a time my main ingredient was inside a cow!”

BEANS Beans!

THE GREAT SPOON Ummmm, no, Beans. You’re a protein…and you’ve never been inside a cow…

BEANS Beans…

BUTTER Me! Butter! Fats and oils!

THE GREAT SPOON Correct! Fats and oils store energy, keep people warm and protect organs like their hearts and lungs. But they’re best enjoyed in small portions! Pull up a seat with the other fats and Oils.

FATS AND OILS CHEER

THE GREAT SPOON Time for our last riddle:

“Cracking me is good to get the gold goo inside! Scramble me or boil me and gobble up my nutrients.”

BEANS Beans…

EGG Me! Me! Protein!

THE GREAT SPOON Correct! It is your time to shine, Egg. Eggs, beans and other proteins help build and repair bones, muscles, skin, and even blood! Congratul–

EGG CRACKS

EGG Sorry… I got overexcited.

THE GREAT SPOON Not to worry wee one.

PROTEINs CHEER

THE GREAT SPOON So, a healthy diet has lots of fruits and vegetables like broccoli. It has plenty of carbohydrates like bread potatoes, or pasta.

Some portions of protein should be eaten everyday - like eggs, meat or fish…or beans! And also it is important to eat some dairy - milk, cheese, or yoghurt. Or grab an alternative, like soy milk or oat milk.

It’s healthy to have a small amount of fat and oil. And a bit of sugar. Not too much though or your body might not work as well as it should!

Wow! What a delicious and colourful crew! You all look good enough to eat!

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What are the main food groups? - BBC Bitesize

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Find out about the five food groups with BBC Bitesize Scotland article for P4, P5, P6, P7 - Second Level CfE

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LET'S TALK ABOUT ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT OF THE FOOD

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LET'S TALK ABOUT ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT OF THE FOOD

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FOOD PYRAMID | How Different Foods Affect Your Body | The Dr Binocs Show | Peekaboo Kidz

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Understanding the Food Pyramid

1. What is the main purpose of the food pyramid?
a. To suggest food for special occasions
b. To guide healthy food intake
c. To list fast food options
d. To promote junk food

2. Which food group is at the top of the food pyramid?
a. Dairy products
b. Vegetables
c. Sweets and fats
d. Grains

3. How often should foods high in sugar and fats be consumed according to the video?
a. Daily
b. Once in a while
c. Every meal
d. Never

4. What is recommended to be consumed daily for strong bones?
a. Fruits
b. Grains
c. Dairy products
d. Sweets

5. How many bowls of vegetables are suggested to eat each day?
a. One bowl
b. Two bowls
c. Two and a half bowls
d. Three bowls

6. What is the main source of energy in the food pyramid?
a. Sweets
b. Proteins
c. Grains
d. Fruits

7. What should you do before following any diet plan?
a. Consult a doctor
b. Follow social media trends
c. Ask friends for advice
d. Ignore nutrition facts

Answer Key:

1. b. To guide healthy food intake (00:00:27)

2. c. Sweets and fats (00:01:09)

3. b. Once in a while (00:01:09)

4. c. Dairy products (00:01:31)

5. c. Two and a half bowls (00:02:34)

6. c. Grains (00:03:39)

7. a. Consult a doctor (00:04:01)

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Ever thought about how your favourite meals affect the planet? Learn how our food choices can impact wildlife, water, and the environment. Discover how sustainable food production can help, and how small changes can make a big difference.

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Write a short story that describes the journey or the transport of your favorite food inside the digestive tract. Make sure to mention the processes involved as the food travels within the different digestive structures​