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7 Sensational Hadrian's Wall facts by Miss Holloway

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7 Sensational Hadrian's Wall facts by Miss Holloway

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1. The wall was named after Emperor Hadrian, who visited Britain in 122AD.

2. The reason he gave for building the wall was to mark the boundary of Roman land, but also to keep out the threat of the Scots.

3. It is believed it took the Romans 6 years to build the wall and it stretches out for 120km.

4. The Roman soldiers who built the wall and protected it, lived in forts along the wall.

5. Over time, some parts of the wall have fallen away and been destroyed by wind, rain and time. This means the exact route of Hadrian's wall is a mystery!

6. In the central sector of Hadrian's Wall a bath house was discovered! The Roman's living along Hadrian's wall also had flushing toilets!

7. Historians estimate that around 15,000 men built the wall, not all of these men were Roman citizens. Some were prisoners of war - including soldiers from Syria.

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1. The romans loved wolves because in the story of Romulas and Remus they were saved by a very nice she wolf if you go to Rome there is a statue of Romulas, Remus and the kind she wolf!

2. The Romans quite liked elephants because they were used in battle to carry men, soldiers and archers!

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WHAT MEN WORE

1. men normally wore nee height short sleeved tunic which was called a chillón .

2.they wore a cloak over there tunics that they rapped around their body

3.the important men wore a long robe (called a toga)which was made from wool or linen

WHAT WOMAN WORE

4.women wore a longer tunic that went down to there ankles.

5.over the tunic they wore a dress (called a stola)what tied at the shoulders .

6.rich women wore a tunic made form expensive silk .

CHILDREN CLOTHES

7.they wore a tunic that was belted at the waist.boys wore a tunic to there nee and if cold a cloak as well .Girls wore a tunic with a woollen belt around the waist.

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1. When the Romans came to Britain there where no proper roads just rough tracks between places.

2. Most Roman roads were built straight unlike tracks which follow the contour lines.

3. They built them with a camber, higher in the middle and lower at the edges. So that the rain ran off the road and didn't form puddles which would make it hard to go through.

4. They made channels at either side of the road called gullies to drain the water away to where it could be used.

5. They laid a hardcore base so that the road wouldn't sink and form potholes.

6. The top surface was made with flat stones close together to form as smooth a surface as possible.

7. The roads that they made allowed them to move swiftly from one place to another, and control the Britain they had conquered.

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1. There was 12 Roman gods.

Jupiter/Zeus god of the ray ⚡️

Pluto/Hades god of death 💀

Neptune/Poseidon god of the sea 🌊

Demeter/Ceres goddess of agriculture 👨‍🌾

Mercury/Hermes messenger of gods ✉️

Venus/ Aphrodite goddess of love and beauty ❤️

Mars/Ares god of war⚔️

Bacchus/Dionysus god of the 🍷

Diana/Artemis goddess of the hunt 🏹

Vulcan/Hephaestus god of the blacksmith 🪓

Minerva/Athena goddess of wisdom 🧙‍♂️

Cupid/Eros god of love and attraction 💘

2.Did you know Jupiter was the main god who oversaw all aspects of life.

3.The principle gods that all romans would worship were Jupiter,Juno and Minerva.

4.The first Roman god to ever exist is Janus as the god of all beginnings.

5.The Romans believed that Jupiter is the strongest Roman god

6.Hera is Zeus wife and sister.She was raised by the Titans Ocean and Tethys.

7.After Zeus married his main wife Hera he had 2 sons: Hephaistos god of metallurgy and blacksmith of the gods and Ares god of war.

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1. The romans kept dogs, cats and caged birds in their houses.

2. The most common pet to have in roman times was a dog as they kept them as guard dogs and were very loyal and were very good at hunting.

3. Animals were used in an arena as a way for the rich people of Rome to show how wealthy they were.

4. Roman pet cats originally came from Egypt but were brought over and became pets.

5. Some of the romans kept there pets for food and work.

6. Romans kept dogs, cats ,birds monkeys ,ferrets, fish and any other larger animals.

7. Some wealthy romans kept large animals like lions and tigers.

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The gods and goddesses who lived on Mt. Olympus

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ROMAN GODS AND GODDESSES by Christian J1B

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ROMAN GODS AND GODDESSES by Christian J1B

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1. Jupiter/Zeus was the ruler of the gods and was the god of the sky.

2. Juno/Hera was the queen of the gods and was the goddess of war.

3. Saturn/Cronus was the god of time.

4. Neptune/Poseidon was the god of the seas.

5. Pluto/Hades was the god of the underworld.

6. Venus/Aphrodite was the goddess of love and beauty.

7. Minerva/Athena was the goddess of wisdom.

8. Mars/Ares was the god of war.

9. Vesta/Hestia was the goddess of the hearth.

10. Ceres/Demeter was the goddess of the harvest.

11. Diana/Artemis was the goddess of the moon and the hunt.

12. Mercury/Hermes was the messenger god.

13. Vulcan/Hephaestus was the god of the forge.

14. Apollo was the god of music, medicine and the sun.

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1. The romans eat a lot of things , some weird but some normal .

2. The Romans ate cereals, legumes, vegetables, cheese, and meat.

3. Meat: Pork was the most popular meat, and fish was more common than meat.

4. Condiments: Garum was a fish sauce that was used as a seasoning, condiment, and sauce.

5. Spices: The Romans used a variety of spices, including cumin, coriander, juniper berries, pepper, saffron, cinnamon, and fennel.

6. Drinks: The Romans drank wine and water, and wine was often mixed with water.

7. Meals: The Romans ate three meals a day: breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

8. Bread: The Romans made their own bread in small clay ovens.

9. Nuts: The Romans ate walnuts, almonds, pistachios, chestnuts, hazelnuts, pine nuts, and sesame seeds.

10. Dried fruits: The Romans ate dried fruits like figs, dates, and plums.

11. Fresh berries: The Romans ate fresh berries like : blackberries strawberries and a lot more!!!!

12. Silphium: The Romans used silphium as a food, seasoning, perfume and contraceptive.

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1. Romans enjoyed watching gladiator combats sometimes with other people or animals they also say this was their favourite pastime for men.

2. Another pastime was chariot races which are usually held in large stadiums along side a big crowd.

3. Surprisingly kids liked playing tic-tac-toe or even hopscotch which we still play to this day.

4. Poorer Roman played board games as their pastime and one time of board game is similar to checkers.

5. the kids also enjoyed playing with dolls, hoops, rings, dice and balls as well which are also the same for little kids right now.

6. Dinner parties were another pastime held by wealthy Romans with a three course meal and a popular dish was exotic fruit or shellfish

7. All above were not usually done as romans did not have very much time as they were usually busy with their work.

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1. Important business and political meetings often took place in the baths because it was believed that the relaxed atmosphere would help the meetings go more smoothly.

2. The largest Roman baths had outdoor swimming pools and snack bars.

3. Bells would ring when the baths opened at lunchtime and they stayed open untill dusk.

4.  The hottest room in the Roman bath is called Caldrian

5. Romans used olive oil instead of soap to wash themselves.

6. Underfloor heating was used to keep the baths warm.

7. Baths were affordable for all.

8. One of the most famous baths in the Uk is called the Aqua Sulis in the city of Bath.

9. The Roman baths at Bath were linked to the Roman goddess Minerva. They asked Minerva to look after their family and also to find things they had lost.

10. There were often different opening times for men and women.

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Eight  phenomenal facts about the  Punic wars by  Aniruddha Shastry J1A

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Eight  phenomenal facts about the  Punic wars by  Aniruddha Shastry J1A

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1. The Punic wars were fought from 264BC and 146BC,

when the Romans were fighting the Carthaginian soldiers .

2. Carthage is about 10km from Tunis, the capital of modern-day African country of Tunisia.

3. The main point for the wars was on the island of Sicily.

4. Carthage was a Phoenician type city

5. the word Phoenician comes from the Phoinix in the Greek

6. The leader of Carthage was called Hannibal

7. Guess who won the Punic wars…. THE ROMANS!!!

8. There were 3 Punic Wars

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Roman Passtimes by Aadhya Nidadavolu J1C

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Roman Passtimes by Aadhya Nidadavolu J1C

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1. Romans enjoyed gladiators combats which usually takes place in large stadiums along with a big crowd and romans favourite.

2. Dinner parties were another pastime for romans which were held by wealthy people and exotic fruit and shellfish were popular dishes.

3. Poor romans liked playing board games as their pastime

4. Surprisingly kids liked playing tic-tac-toe and hopscotch which we enjoy to this day.

5. Another kids pastime was playing with dolls , hoops , rings and dice which little kids in our generation use use too.

6. Poor children would play outdoors and make there own toys and also played tag which is a game played by all children then and now.

7. Romans rarely done these pastimes because they are mostly busy doing their work.

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1. Gladiators were men who were used for entertainment.

2.Lots of people would gather at an amphitheatre to watch gladiators fight.

3.Sometimes Gladiators fought each other and sometimes they fought animals such as bears and lions.

4.Gladiators often fought until someone was killed.

5.If at the end of a fight both Gladiators were both still alive the audience would get to vote on who wins.

6.Slaves were mostly made Gladiators as they were not important in the economy.

7.Did you know that the Colosseum was the biggest amphitheatre in Rome.

8.A gladiator would wear; a helmet, an arm guard ,leather strapping,shorts,padded cloth,leg protection,leather sandals, a spear and a shield.

9. Did you know that Spartacus was the most feared gladiator in Rome.

10.Did you know that the Colosseum only took eight years to build.

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Caption above a Galen treating a patient

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Roman Medicine and Doctors by Norah Trew J1A

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Roman Medicine and Doctors by Norah Trew J1A

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1.Galen. Galen was a Greek Physician, surgeon and philosopher, who was one of the most important doctors of the ancient time. He came to Rome in 162 AD and performed public demonstrations of surgery and dissection

2. Aesclepius. He was the God of medicine, healing and physicians. He was the son of Apollo and Coronis, or Arsinoe. Aesclepius represents the healing aspect of the medical arts

3. The Hippocratic oath. It is a vow taken by doctors where they promise to do no harm to their patients. It is still used today!

4. Treatments. When you were sick you would just go to a special temple and ask the gods to heal you or you could sleep in the temple and hope to have a dream where the the god tells you the cure

5. Medicines. A common Roman treatment was herbs and plants but there was also a lot of other treatments including colostrum, we now know that this is an effective antibiotic.

6. Public Health. The Romans knew that clean water was crucial for health, and that dirty toilets were a major safety hazard.They designed a sanitation system like aqueducts and drains.

7. Humors. The Romans thought that there were four humors that affected your health. These were Blood, Black Bile, Phlegm and Yellow Bile. If a doctor thought that any one of these was unstable that could be the cause of your illness.

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Roman gladiators Robert lees J1A

1 Roman gladiators had a specific scarify for death

2 there were schools to train gladiators

3 Roman gladiators blood were used as medicine

4 not all of there fights had deaths

5 10 to 20% of them died

6 they ate meat fish bread cereal or vegetables

7 and they fight in the colosseum

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1.The men/boys would wear a knee-length tunic. Male citizens would wear a woolen toga thrown over their tunic.

2.The women/girls would wear a sleeved tunic.Woman would wear a woolen mantle known as a palla over a stola

3.A toga was considered Romes National costume.

4.For cold or wet weather wear (for the men) knee breaches and the would also wear cloaks, coats and hats

5.Most of the urban Romans wore shoes such as slippers,boots or sandals of various types in the countryside some people wore clogs

6.All the clothes were made by hand

7.The Togas was worn by boys during formal occasions.Stolas was worn by a girl a long dress that was a sign of their status. They dyed the clothes bright colors reflecting the family’s wealth.

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This is a picture of the she-wolf and the twin boys Romulus and Remus!

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The Story of Romulus and Remus by Claudia J1B

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The Story of Romulus and Remus by Claudia J1B

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A Legend dating back to the 4th century holds the great story of Romulus and Remus who founded the city of Rome.

1. Princess Rhea Silvia, the boys mother, was made to swear she would never have children by her evil uncle who wanted to become king next but could not if Rhea had children.

2. Soon after,Princess Rhea became Queen Rhea. She then had children with Mars the god of war, breaking the promise made to her uncle.The twin boys were named Romulus and Remus.

3. The evil uncle demanded his servant to kill the newborn babies but the kind-hearted servant knew he could not kill them. He knew his master would be mad if he did not,so he took the babies and carefully put them in a basket and gently pushed them down the river Tiber.

4. When the twins were floating in the water, a She wolf spotted them and took them out of the water and raised them like she did with her own pups.

5. Soon after, the boys were found by a Shepherd passing by. He took them to his house and raised them. The twins were very helpful to the Shepherd and often helped him when ever he needed their help.

6. One day Remus was captured and taken to the king he soon discovered his true identity. Meanwhile Romulus gathered up all the shepherds he could find.Together they killed the king.

7. When the city discovered who the boys were, they offered them to be crowned joint kings. Surprisingly, they turned the offer down because they wanted to found their own city. Soon they were deciding where to build it.

8. The twins each wanted to build the city on a different hill and have a different name for their city, so they agreed that they should look for signs from the Gods on where to build it . Remus saw six vultures and claimed that as a sign but shortly after Romulus saw twelve. They both argued for hours and later they started attacking each other and this got so violent that eventually Romulus killed Remus.Therefore, the city was named Rome after Romulus and it was built on his hill of choice.

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1. There were 12 Roman Gods and Goddesses they were called Jupiter the God of the sky, Juno the queen of the Gods, Saturn the God of time, Neptune the God of the sea, Pluto the God of the underworld, Venus the God of love and beauty, Minerva the Goddess of wisdom, Mars the God of war, Mercury the messenger of the Gods, Apollo the God of the sun, Diana the Goddess of the hunt and Ceres the goddess of Agriculture and familia love.

2. It’s believed that Jupiter held thunderbolts in his hands that gave him the ability to fly.

3. Juno’s scared animal was a peacock.

4. Mars’ symbol was a sacred shield.

5. Mercury ruled over good fortune.

6. Venus was made an ancestress due to her importance .

7. Neptune was seen holding a spear which he would catch fish with.

8. Apollo moved the sun with his chariot and golden horses.

9. Vulcan was the God of fire and was believed to be behind volcanic eruptions.

10. Minerva was born form Jupiters brain and didn’t have a mother. It’s believed she devoured her in an attempt to proven her birth.

11. Vesta is the goddess of the hearth fire and was represented by the fire in her name temple.

12. Neptune was known to be moody, so people who lived along the coast were particularly frightened of him.

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1.  The colosseum was begun by Emperor Vespasian and completed by his sons, Emperor Titus and Domitian. The construction was done largely by Jewish slaves overseen by Roman engineers.

2. The official name of the colosseum is The Flavian Amphitheater and it’s one of the most popular tourist attractions in Rome.

3. The colosseum is so big, it could seat up to 80,000 people! It was used for Gladiator fights, animal hunts and even executions, which the Romans enjoyed watching. Sometimes the games went on for 100 days.

4. The colosseum is built from stone called Travertine which came from a quarry in Tivoli. It originally had an awning which could be rolled out over the spectators to protect them from the sun.

5. Underneath ground level the colosseum had lots of tunnels and rooms where the gladiators and animals were kept. There was special machinery which lifted them up into the arena

6. In the 500 years of its use it is believed that 400,000 people met their death in the arena and 1,000,000 wild animals of different species.

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1. Most romans actually rented homes but only rich people can buy a home.

2. Poor people had to rent the top rooms of a house.

3. Richer people had big rooms on lower floors.

4. Most houses had shops on street level.

5. Romans never actually used wallpaper instead they panted the wall.

6. Rich people had mosaics on there floor.

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1. The typical Roman foods are cereals, vegetables, legumes and cheese.

2. Rich Romans also ate meats and fish.

3. The Romans ate 3 meals a day. Breakfast and lunch were light meals and dinner was the main meal.

4. The evening meal was taken between 4pm and 7pm and was a chance to relax and socialise.

5. Ancient Romans used lots of spices in their meals. Their cuisine was similar to the current Middle-Eastern and North African one.

6. The Romans had some refrigeration however most of their meals were locally and seasonally sourced.

7. The Romans liked to eat lying down as they believed this would be more comfortable and relaxing.

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Roman Education

1.There were no schools to go to like nowadays.

2.Males born into a patrician family you would get a fairly extensive amount of education

3.Patrician girls would receive some but no as much as boys

4.Nowadays we use whiteboards in roman age they used wax tablets

5. Tutors were often Greek slaves the ancient romans

really looked up to  the Ancient Greeks and borrowed a lot of their belief systems

6.Also instead of going to school everyday like us they would get taught at home by a private tutor.

7.Most of this is only for children at higher levels of money not all children got this.

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1. A Roman emperor had similar powers to a king.

2. Roman emperors were chosen on hereditary basis, this means it was passed down through the family.

3. An emperor rules the Senate, the army and pontifex maximus which is the chief priest.

4. There were approximately 82 emperors.

5. The first emperor was Augustus, who ruled in 27 BC.

6. The last ruler was Romulus Augustus who ruled until 476 AD.

7. Emperor Augustus was the first Emperor, who took control of the empire after the murder of Julius Caesar, the dictator.

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1. mixing water and wine in the Roman times mask the off flavours.

2. The Roman wine was 15-16% strong

3. The Romans would have a bottle was being consumed for each day for every citizen.

4. Bacchus was the Roman god of wine he would normally eat almost two bottles a day.

5. A 1000 year old wine bottle tasted like tasteless chewing gum.

6. Romans would drink vinegar and water if they didn’t have wine.

7. The Roman wine had a spicy taste.

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7 facts about Roman Schools

Fact 1:

Only boys were typically taught.these boys were from rich families . Girls from rich families had tutors, others stayed at home to learn sewing, cooking and cleaning.

Fact 2:

School were small and private. They used to teach in small rooms that they rented or outside in open space. Teachers taught privately. There was no public schools for everyone, hence why only wealthy people can afford education.

Fact 3:

Students used wax tablets and pen for writing because paper was expensive

Fact 4:

teachers punished students by hitting them with canes or straps .

Fact 5:

Schools had three stages.

Ludus Littarius - basic reading, writing and maths for boys aged 7-11

Grammaticus - history and Greek lessons from 12-16

Rhetor - advanced training in public speaking and law. For boys that wanted political careers.

Fact 6:

schools started early morning, from sunrise until the afternoon. Mainly memorising information out loud.

Fact 7:

rhetoric was a key subject. Rich boys studied that subject because it was valued in the society and it also showed that you come from a wealthy family.

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Roman Mythology but More Specifically Gods, by Magnus Hopwood

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Roman Mythology but More Specifically Gods, by Magnus Hopwood

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1. The Romans had 14 major gods and 13 of the 14 resided in Mt. Olympus just like the Greeks. Except for gods like Pluto, Nox, Mors, Somnus, Discordia, Tenebrae, and Invindia live in the Underworld and Tartarus instead.

2. Jupiter (equivalent to Zeus and King of the Gods), Juno (equivalent to Hera and Queen of the Gods), Neptune (equivalent to Poseidon and god of the sea), Pluto (equivalent to Hades, also resides in the underworld away from Mt. Olympus, god of the Underworld), Apollo (the same as the Greek god, god of music, the sun, medicine, poetry, and archery), Diana (Equivalent to Artemis, goddess of wild animals, the moon, archery and the hunt), Minerva (equivalent to Athena, goddess of wisdom and war), Mars (equivalent to Ares, god of war and second only to Jupiter), Vulcan (equivalent to Hephaestus/Hephaistos, god of fire and metalworking), Mercury (equivalent to Hermes, god of merchants, thieves and travellers), Ceres (equivalent to Demeter, goddess of agriculture and farming), Venus (equivalent to Aphrodite, goddess of love), Bacchus (equivalent to Dionysus, god of wine), and Vesta (equivalent to Hestia, goddess of the hearth).

3. The major gods weren't the only gods. There were hundreds of minor gods like Proserpina, Janus, Quirnius, and Aquilon to name a few.

4. The reason the Romans didn't change the name of Apollo is because they were scared of incurring the deities wrath.

5. Vulcan is different to Hephaestus/Hephaistos by being more known for fire than metalworking like Hephaestus.

6. The reason that Mars is the second most popular and powerful is because the Romans were more focused on war than the Greeks.

7. Since Romans just stole mythology from the Greeks the tale of Hephaestus/Hephaistos and Hera, Hephaestus/Hephaistos and Aphrodite, Hades and Persephone, and Psyche and Eros are all basically the same.

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1. Hadrians wall was the north-west frontier of the Roman aspire for nearly 300 years!

2. Hadrians wall was built by the Roman army on the emperor’s orders

3. Hadrians wall is a whopping 73 miles long🤯

4. Hadrians wall crossed northern Britain from Wallsend.

5. In 1987 Hadrians wall was made a heritage site.

6. Hadrians wall was named after the emperor, Hadrian who ruled Rome from 117ad to 138ad

7. The Hadrians wall was made up of stone and in some parts, turf.

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1. They wore armour and used weapons, such as daggers, swords and weighted nets.

2. Some gladiators didn't get the privilege to fight and were held as slaves.

3. Gladiators trained in special schools, the most famous was Ludus Magnus. This is where they would sleep, eat and train.

4. Gladiators mostly fought in arenas, the biggest of which was the Colosseum.

5. The emperor watched the fights from the a special seat in the stands.

6. Gladiators had different fighting styles, such as lightly armoured or heavily armed.

7. They were organized into different classes and types depending on their size and skills.

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1.At it’s height the roman army was in control of 50 different countries!

2.Officers ,such as centurions, wore large crests on their helmets.

3.The average legionary carried at least 90 pounds of weight and often had to march 20 miles a day.

4.At it’s largest, the roman army was made up of 30 legions, or over 150,000 soldiers.

5.The helmet of a roman soldier was called a cassis or galea.

6.A roman soldier’s shield was called a scutum.

7.A soldier’s sandals were called caligae’s.

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By chloe

1. The gladiators are just slaves that the public thought could handle being a warrior ( kind of )

2. Most gladiators where most thought to make it to about 27 years

3. When they die the go to the colosseum

4. The average height was 5’5 for the gladiators

5. Flamma was the most feared gladiator

6. The gladiators where all vegetarian so they would be muscular.

7. Commodus was a terrible ruler by virtually any standard and was the one of the only gladiators that died as one but before was a roman emperor

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1. Jupiter is the main god of the Romans. He was very similar to the Ancient Greek god, Zeus.

2. Mars is the Roman god of war. He was seen as the god who protected Rome.

3. Mithras is agod worshipped by Roman soldiers. Mithras was a Middle Eastern god who became popular across the whole Roman Empire.

4. A Mithraeum are places where Romans worshipped Mithras

5. The first god in Rome was called Janus.

6. There are twelve Roman gods.

7. Fortuna is the god of luck and fortune

8. Juno was Jupiter's wife who was responsible for all women

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#1 Important men in Rome would’ve worn something called a toga that was either made out of linen or wool, whilst lower status men would wear a knee length tunic with short sleeves called a chilton.

#2 Women in Rome would wear a long tunic often going down to their ankles, which would be covered by a stola (a bit like a dress) which would be fastened around the shoulder with a brooch, and finally, over that they would have something called a palla, which was a big rectangular piece of fabric that was worn as a coat.

#3 Most children in Rome would have worn a scaled down version of their parents clothing. Girls wearing a long tunic, boys wearing a knee length tunic.

#4 All Romans wore flat shoes (no heels) Outdoor shoes were usually hobnailed for better grip. The shoes they wore were made comfortable and pretty too.

#5 Wool was the most common fabric that they would’ve used, but linen was quite popular too. Some other fabrics they used were silk, and even nettle stems were used for higher quality fabric.

#6 Much like us, women in Rome had lots of different sizes, styles and shapes of jewellery but it was only really the rich people who had it. Precious stones such as diamonds, emeralds, opals, pearls and topaz would’ve been used to make earrings, necklaces, bangles and of course some bracelets too! Also they would have valued silver and gold too.

#7 Hairstyles were changing a lot in Rome. So as you can imagine, they had a lot. There were more fancy styles for richer people, and less intricate designs for the poorer people who lived in Rome.

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1. Girls did not attend schools past the age of 10/11.

2. Schools days began at sunrise and ended at sunset Roman children were taught privately

3. Punishments included being whipped And beaten

4. Wealthy families were employed private tutors teach there children at home instead of going to school

5. Girls were allowed to be married at the age of 12 they rarely went to high school

6. Either they can work in a small room or outside because girls had to learn how to cook and sew

7. Most pupils were boys but girls did attend

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1. Most gladiators were slaves or criminals but some free men voluntarily signed up to attend gladiator schools in the hope of winning glory and prize money.

2. Gladiatorial fights were originally part of funeral ceremonies.

3. Gladiators did not always fight to the death.

4. The famous “thumbs down” gesture probably didn’t mean death.

5. Gladiators were organised into different classes and types based on their skill level, experience and fighting style and set of weaponry.

6. Gladiators only rarely fought against animals.

7. Women also fought as gladiators until around 200 A.D. when the Emperor Septimius Severus banned their participation.

8. Successful gladiators often became celebrities and sex symbols.

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1. Roman clothing was used to show a person's status in the world. For example, if you were rich then you would traditionally wear a lot of jewellery to show this.

2. Traditional Roman clothing was mainly made of wool, linen and silk.

3. Traditionally Roman children would wear an amulet to protect them from evil spirits. The amulet was called a bulla.

4. Roman men would traditionally wear a type of dress called a tunic. The tunic would have usually been knee length. Originally it would have been made out of woven fabric and wool.

5. Most clothing was not dyed as this was expensive. Purple was a particularly expensive dye and so only the Emperors was allowed to wear a toga of solid purple.

6. Roman women would usually wear a sleeveless robe called a Stola. The Stola would originally have been long and pleated.

7. Lots of modern fashion has been influenced by Roman themes, for example shawls and capes and draped dresses.

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1. Donkeys and horses served as work animals.

2. The military used elephants for fighting

3. They commonly had cats, dogs , birds, and parrots as pets.

4. Animals had many different things to do including food work entertainment and religion.

5. Meat and fish were the main ingredients in most Roman cooking.

6. The most famous animal was an elephant as it was a symbol of power.

7. The romans liked to call cats delis.

8. Romans started to know about elephants, ostriches, tigers, and lions in the 1st century BC but in the next millennium hippos, rhinos, camels, and giraffes.

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1.     The Roman Baths, located in the city of Bath, are one of the most well-preserved examples of Roman architecture and engineering in the world

2.     The Roman Baths were built in the 1st century AD. They were a complex of buildings that included a temple, a public bath, and a changing room.

3.     The Romans believed that the hot springs in Bath had healing properties, and the baths were considered a place of worship as well as a place for socializing and relaxation.

4.     The water in the Roman Baths comes from the same hot springs that the Romans used. The water reaches the baths at a temperature of 46 degrees Celsius

5.     The Roman Baths were an important social centre in Roman Britain and would have been visited by people from all levels of society.

6.     The Roman Baths were a popular spot for socializing and conducting business. People would gather at the baths to catch up on the latest news and gossip, and it was also a place where deals and contracts were made.

7.     The Roman Baths were not only used for bathing but also for entertainment, and the complex would have included gardens and a theatre for performances.

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1.The Roman army was put into legionnaires and auxiliaries. Legionnaires are highly respected soldiers.

2.In the Roman army there were over half a million soldiers at its best point. There are about 4,000-6,000 soldiers in legions.

3.In the time when they were fighting Roman soldiers used cobwebs to stop bleeding.

4.To join the Roman army you had to be at least 172 cm (5 feet 7 inches) and If you wanted to join the army you would have to do so before the age of 35

5.The romans used a spear called a pilum and a short sword called a Gladius during war

6.Weirdly Roman soldiers were not allowed to get married.

7.In the army only men were allowed to be in the army women were not allowed as they were considered not strong or worthy to represent the Empire.

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7 facts about Roman schools by Eilidh Piatkowski

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7 facts about Roman schools by Eilidh Piatkowski

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1. School days started at sunrise and finished at sunset.

2. There were no proper schools in Rome. Wealthy families hired tutors to teach their children at home, while poorer children were taught outside in groups.

3. The tutors were either slaves or Greek men.

4. Roman children used boards spread with wax and a small wooden stick (called a stylus). To write they would scratch off the wax, and they could smooth it back over with the flat side to start again.

5. If the boys did not behave, they would be beaten with a stick or a cane.

6. School was different depending on your gender. If you were a girl your life was dedicated to your husband and family, and if you were a boy it was all about serving your country.

7. Poetry and literature was a big part of education in Rome.

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1. People in Ancient Rome ate a variety of foods depending on both their wealth and where they lived in the Roman Empire.

2. The romans ate three meals on a typical day. Breakfast was called ientaculum, lunch was called pandium, dinner was called cena.

3. Some of the foods ancient Romans ate would seem strange to us today, at fancy banquets they sometimes eat things like flamingo tongues, roast peacock, and stewed snails.

4. The main thing Romans drank was wine it was often watered down for a daily consumption.

5. Fish was more common than other types of meat, oysters were so popular that there were large businesses devoted to oyster farming.

6. Food was imported from all around the Empire to feed the large populations in the capital city of Rome

7. The wealthy ate much more than the poor they would often have fancy dinner parties that lasted for hours and had several courses.

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1. Romans wore armour made armour out of iron and bronze alloys because it was easy to move in take on and off.

2. The shield was often decorated with red paint lighting bolts or eagles wings.

3. Roman armour was called Lorica Segmentata.

4. The Loreca hamata (chain armour) weighs about 10 to 11 kilos. A Loreca segmentata (plate armour) is about 7 kilos.

5. Roman armour was designed to be strong and flexible .

6. Romans wore cloth shirts and tunics under their armour .

7. Ringmail was a type of Roman armour made of thousands of rings.

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1. Roman men would wear long robes called Toga which is made out of white wool or linen

2. The “Toga praetexta” had a wide paper border

3. The colours that the Romans wore were purple, red, grey, green and yellow

4. Most Roman children wore a simple tunic which was belted by the waist

5. A female Roman would wear a long tunic down to their ankles

6. Rich Roman females would wear long tunics made out of expensive silk

7. The toga is what a lot of the Roman males wear

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1. Battles were held in arenas called colosseums, with large audiences.

2. Not all battles in the arena had to end in death, some battles would end in surrender.

3. Fighting animals was not common in the arena but sometimes they fought lions, tigers or bears.

4. The gladiator games originally involved prisoners of war, slaves and criminals.

5. Some Roman gladiators were professional fighters who specialised in particular weapons and armour such as Retiarius who fought with a trident, a net and a dagger.

6. There were female gladiators called gladiatrices.

7. Dimachaerus were gladiators that wielded two swords ad were known for their agility and skill.

8. There were many different types of gladiators each with different armour and weapons.

9. Most gladiators were de-facto slaves with no rights but some were able to gain their freedom by winning the battle.

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1.      Usual roman food consisted of different grains, vegetables, fruit, beans/legumes and all sorts of cheeses.

2.      The Romans ate three meals per day much like modern day people.  However, the Romans had breakfast and lunch as a light meal and supper as the main meal.  Dinner or “Cena” lasted several hours.

3.      Rich Romans usually ate a varied diet of seafood and unusual meats such as birds.

4.      Ancient Romans loved to lie down whilst meals were taking place in order to relax and feel tranquil.

5.      Cena usually took place around 5pm or later and was seen by them as a time to relax and socialise after a day of work.

6.      They drank wine mixed with water and spices, but soldiers and slaves drank posca, which was a diluted vinegar drink.

7.      Gladiators needed a high protein meal so ate beans, chickpeas and lentils.

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Fact 1: They used cobwebs to stop bleeding.

Fact 2: They used mouse brains for toothpaste

Fact 3: They used urine for laundry

Fact 4: They established public health systems

Fact 5: They used a variety of plant juices and herbs for medicine

Fact 6: They used drugs like cannabis and opium

Fact 7 : They believed magic would heal them

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1.Not all roman soldiers were roman as the empire became stronger they got soldiers from many other countries.

2.The romans had many different classes of soldiers with the top being general and the bottom being foot soldiers.

there were many others like Legatus,Centurion,Signifur and many more.

3.The Romans high discipline with the punishments being fatal one of the most popular methods being beaten to death.

4.The Romans were prepared with them carrying many stuff like swords,water,daggers and sheilds.

5.The Romans had there own medicine for curing hurt soldiers.

6.They used many battle stratages to win battles like building walls to protect themselves.

7. the Army had soldiers that were not fighters but instead engineers and medics.

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Ancient Roman Goddesses by Samantha Gray J1C Part 2 

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Ancient Roman Goddesses by Samantha Gray J1C Part 2 

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Fortuna

Goddess of chance or lot. She was also a goddess of fate.

Juno

Ancient Roman queen of the gods and goddess of marriage. She was the daughter of Saturn and wife of Jupiter.

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Many planets in our solar system like Venus and Neptune are actually named after Roman goddesses! These goddesses have been worshipped in Rome for 600-700 years!

Minerva

Goddess of wisdom, war, art, schools, justice and commerce. She was Etruscan counterpart to Greek Athens.

Diana

Goddess of the Hunt or an exhibition of beasts, usually wild, who fought one another or against men, either condemned criminals and captives

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Will j1A

1. The 12 Roman gods of goddesses are Jupiter God of sky. Juno Queen of God. Saturn God of time. Neptune God of seas. Pluto God of underworld. Venus God of Love and beauty. Minerva goddess of wisdom, Mars God of war.

2. In Roman mythology, the most powerful God is Jupiter. He is considered the king of God willing over the sky Thunder and lightning, similar to this in Greek mythology.

3. Mars is considered the God who fought in the most battles as you is the Roman God of war and was highly revered by the Roman army meaning he would be associated with most battles by Roman people

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There are four main styles of homes in ancient Rome. Domus, Insulae, Country Villas and Farm Houses.

Most of the houses were made of stone and were decorated with marble. They never really used wallpaper, they actually painted the walls themselves. The wealthiest people also had live in slaves who cooked and cleaned for them some of the slaves had to sleep outside their Masters door.

1. Within the city of Rome the wealthiest Romans, such as emperors and noblemen, lived in single story houses called Domus. These houses were very grand with marble pillars, statues, mosaics, and wall paintings.

2. The vast majority of ordinary working people lived in large apartment blocks called Insulae often with shops below them.

3. Outside of the city, wealthy people lived in villas. They were surrounded by large areas of land with space for farming entertaining and even private pools.

4. Farm houses were found outside of Rome , normally poor farm/animal workers lived in very small cramped stone buildings.

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These are all the Greek and Roman Gods and Goddesses.

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Logan Hodgson J1C Greek and Roman Gods an Godesses

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Logan Hodgson J1C Greek and Roman Gods an Godesses

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1.It is believed that Jupiter held thunderbolts from his hands and that it gave him the ability to fly.

2.Junos sacred animal was a peacock.

3.Mercury was the god of good fortune.

4.Neptune was seen holding a spear which he would use to catch fish.

5.Ceres was the god of agriculture and familial love.

6.Saturn was the first of the gods and he was also known as the god of time.

7.Venus is based on the Greek Goddess Aphrodite and is the god of love,beauty and fertility.

8.Mars was the Roman version of Ares and he was the god of war also he is second in command to Jupiter.

Thank you for reading my Gods and Goddesses padlet have a nice day.

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The Pantheon is a 2000 year old temple and is one of Rome’s best preserved ancient buildings. On the outside it looks like a very old building however on the inside it is extraordinary and to get inside it you have to go through magnificent bronze doors.

The Pantheon temple dates back to 125AD and was built by Emperor Hadrian but in 608AD it became part of the Roman Church and is now called the Basilica di Santa Maria ad Martyres.

From the outside you can see it has big columns and on top of it is a triangular roof but when you go in it is a massive circular room that has a huge domed ceiling with a large hole in it. The dome is one of the Romans greatest architectural achievements.

The hole in the roof is what make this church special and when the light shine through it onto the floor it is very beautiful.

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Gladiators from Roman times by Grace Dale j1B

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Gladiators from Roman times by Grace Dale j1B

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1.There were schools for gladiators to learn and train.

2.Most medicine’s were used from gladiators blood.

3.Not all of fights by gladiators resulted in death.

4.When emperors put their thumbs down at the gladiators it was a vote death and thumbs up meant they live.

5.Not all gladiators were enslaved.

6.Gladiators were organised into different types of classes.

7. Most of gladiators became big celebrities.

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1.The Roman Baths, located in the city of Bath, are one of the most well-preserved examples of Roman architecture and engineering in the world.

2.As ancient Rome was renowned for its creativity in making unique architecture and objects, many objects have been discovered around the Roman baths. These include precious stones, rings, bracelets, vases, bronze materials and approximately 12,000 coins. All these objects were given by the Romans as gifts in honour of the goddess Sulis Minerva. In 1727, the bronzed head of the sacred goddess Sulis Minerva was also discovered.

3.The Ancient Roman Baths contain natural spring water which still flows in the River Avon. The main purpose of the baths was to allow the Romans to purify themselves. Most Romans living in the city went to the bath house every day to cleanse themselves. They used to put olive oil on their skin and then rubbed it with a metal scraper called a strigil.

The baths were also a place for socialising. Friends met at the baths to talk and have meals. Sometimes men held business meetings or discussed politics.

4.The entrance to the Roman temple at Bath was designed to resemble the face of a Gorgon. The Gorgon is the monster that resides in the underworld. There were three Gorgons in Greek mythology: Medusa, Stheno and Euryale.

5.The Laconicum was a small but intense room, with a dry heat that could be turned into steam simply by splashing water.

6.There is speculation that the Roman baths in the UK have healing powers to help cure certain diseases.

7.Plants grow on the walls and sometimes birds fly through the windows.

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1. The colosseum was built in 72-80 ce and is found in the centre of Rome. The colosseum is also called the Flavian Amphitheater.

2. Back when the colosseum was used it had vip tickets for the important and wealthy people. The north stand was always reserved for the Emperor. The way you could tell where you were setting were broken pots with a number carved inside. The Colosseum can hold up to 87,000 people which is nearly the same size as Wembley stadium.

3. The colosseum is now Considered is one of the seven wonders of the world alongside The Great Wall of China, Petra which is in Jordan, Machi Picchu which is in Peru, christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro which is in Brazil, The Taj Mahal in India and finally the Chichen Itza which is in Mexico.

4. Being fed to Lions Is considered to be a myth when someone did something bad they would get executed at Rome’s circus Instead of everyone seeing them die.

5. In the mediaeval times the colosseum was considered to be not important as it was used to be workshops and Warehouses. Sometimes it was used for a quarry for use in making other building.

6. In the 16th and 17th century pope sixtus V planned to turn The Colosseum into a wool factory but the idea didn’t happen.

7. Away from the Busy streets the ruins of the colosseum it is Nearly a jungle with the last count of plant species there was 242 different species of plants.

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The most Roman city out with Italy by Tom J1C

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The most Roman city out with Italy by Tom J1C

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1. Nimes is the most Roman city out with Italy, with landmarks such as La Arena, La Maison Carrée, Pont Du Gard and The Magne Tower.

2. La Arena de Nimes was built in the 1st Century AD and is one of the best preserved Roman amphitheatres in the world.

3. La Maison Carrée, which means "square house" in French, is one of the best preserved Roman temples in the world.

4. Nimes is located south-east of Paris and was known as Nemausus during Roman times.

5. The Pont Du Gard is a Roman aqueduct bridge which carried water over 50kms to Nemausus. Today the Pont Du Gard features on the 5 Euro note.

6. The Magne Tower is a Roman watch tower which has over 140 stairs leading up to the top, from where you can see all of Nimes. It was build by Emperor Augustus.

7. Nimes is often called "French Rome" because of all these landmarks, which makes the city one of the most popular tourists attractions in France.

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1.The rear of the helmet had a guard that protected the neck from sword blows.

2. They wore white cloaks and plumes for senior commanders.

3. The iron helmets they must ware are also called galas or a cassis.

4.Roman armour was founded in 1906 At the Battle of Teutoburg Forest in Kalkriese, Germany.

5.The skirt was probably one of the very first pieces of clothing ever invented. The oldest one ever found dates to 3,000 B.C.E. It was hand-woven out of straw. Back then, skirts were worn just as much by men as by women.

6.The body armour made from overlapping iron strips. These metal strips were fastened with hooks and laces at the front and hinged at the back. These were held together by vertical leather strips on the inside.

7.In the early to mid-Republican era, legionaries usually bought their own equipment. Hastati, the first line of soldiers, usually had breastplates, called a cuirass

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Some of the shoes Roman’s wore as well as Calcei and Solias 

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1. Children wore a special locket around there neck givin at birch called a bulla

2. adult male citizens could wear a woolen toga

3. Romans liked wearing colours like red,purple,green and gray

4. Women wore a long tunic which was often ankle length.

5. Well paid ( rich) women would also wear silk tunics

6. Some Roman’s who did not get paid very much had cloths maid out of kemp sort of like tweed

7. Some of the cloths Roman peaopke wore were togas stoles and tunics

8. calcei: the type of shoes upper class male would wear

solias :the type of shoes women would tend to wear

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1. Romulus and Remus story tells us how Rome was created.

2. Their mother put them on the river Tiber to escape the King Numitor.

3. They were found by a she-wolf.

4. A shepherd called Faustulus adopted the brothers.

5. After they grew up Remus was taken to Alba Longa.

6. Romulus freed his brother.

7. They decided to build a city but they could not agree on what hill to start on.

8. Romulus and Remus fought and Remus got killed.

9. After Romulus killed Remus he created Rome.

10. He was the king of Rome formany years.

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1. The Romans liked lots of different animals and had them as pets but dogs were especially beloved for their guardianship and the scholar Varro advised to lots of Romans that every family should have a watchdog and a hunting dog. 🐶

2. Lots of animals had important places in the Graeco-Roman culture. For example, owls symbolised wisdom and were associated with Athena. 🦉

3. Birds in ancient Rome were eaten as food. Flamingo tongues were very valuable and people collected them for big feasts. 🦩

4. Butterflies were thought a symbol of the soul because of the many changes they went through in their lives and butterflies' wings were associated with magic and dreams. 🦋

5. The Romans associated wolves with Mars and in Roman myths, the Capitoline Wolf took care of Romulus and Remus in their early years. Because of this, the she-wolf became a symbol of Rome and Romans. 🐺

6. This might seem strange now, but pets like weasels, cats,🐱 birds like parrots,🦜 fish,🐟 monkeys,🐵 and even human pets!

7. Roman used to fight animals like lions in a colosseum for entertainment which would be considered very cruel nowadays but that was what they watched for entertainment. 🦁

8. Elephants were among the most impressive animals in ancient Rome and were prized for their size and majesticness. 🐘

9. Tortoiseshells were luxury good imported from other parts of the world and they were mainly used to display the owner's wealthiness or to coat furniture.

10. The captive breeding of livestock (particularly cattle) was an essential part of the economy. 🐮Cattle were often seen as a confirmation of wealth, with the larger herds belonging to more respectable, higher-status people.

11. Sheep and goats were prized for their dairy products, including feta and goat cheese as well as wool. 🐑🐐

12. Animals were seen as there to keep peace between the gods and the Romans. Many gods took human-like forms and had close associations with animals. For example, Zeus took the form of a swan 🦢 and had a close connection with eagles. 🦅 Numerous animals appeared in Roman mythology, such as the Hydra 🐉and the Chimera.

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Roman Diet

The Romans diet consisted of foods like bread cheese and wine.

1. Bread was made from spelt, wheat or barley was a common purchase from local bakeries. This simple staple often paired with cheese and watered down wine was present in every meal.

2. The wealthy could afford eggs, poultry and fish along with vegetables like dried peas or lentils.

3. The poor relied on a simple porridge known as poles made from boiled grains such as millet or wheat.This was a cheap and resourceful food.

4. If you had a sweet tooth, honey was used in many dessert recipes accompanied by ingredients such as raisin wine or grape musts to make various sweet recipes.

5. The concept of fast food existed in Ancient Rome by snack counters scattered throughout the city, known as ‘Thermopolia’. These counters offered lentils, nuts and meats which were held in large jars and could be heated for customers.

6. Fish sauce was very popular in Ancient Rome. It was called Garum and this fish sauce was made from fermented fish guts.

7. The Romans were adventurous eaters with delicacies ranging from exotic birds like parrots and peacocks to the unexpected dormouse.

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1. Romans ate meat, fish, vegetables, eggs, cheese, grains and bread.

2. Meat included animals like dormice, hare, snails and boar.

3. Romans typically ate three meals a day – breakfast (ientaculum), lunch (prandium) and dinner (cena). Cena was the main meal.

4. The Romans had a lot of fruit and vegetables including carrots, radishes, beans, dates, turnips, pears, plums, pomegranates, almonds, olives, figs, celery, apples, cabbages, pumpkins, grapes, mushrooms and many more.

5. Romans particularly enjoyed shellfish and fish sauce known as liquamen.

6. The Romans did not sit down at a tables to at their meals. They spread out on couches around a low, square table. They also ate most of their meals with their fingers although they did use spoons for some of the dishes, such as soup, and used knives to cut their food.

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1.       With warfare as a way of life, the weapons of Ancient Rome were more than tools of battle, they were the building blocks of a vast empire.

2.       The blades of the weapons were made of iron, bronze and copper and the handle was made from wood.

3.       Some Roman weapons did evolve and change over the years, while others stayed the same for years on end.

4.       The most popular weapon was the gladius. This was a short, two-sided sword, used during the late Roman Republic and much of the Roman Empire.

5.       The Pugio was often associated with high-ranking officers. It is a small knife and was used as a last resort if no other weapon was available. It was famously used to kill Julius Caesar.

6.       One of the most powerful weapons was the Onager, a very heavy sling. It was used to hold projectiles that could be fired to bring down walls and small fortresses.

7.       One of the most fearful Ancient Roman weapons was the Pilum, a type of a throwing spear. It was designed to leave a large hole when it pierced through the shield of the enemy. It was also such a shape that if it did not go the full way though the enemy would not be able to throw it back.

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1.Theodora’s mum was an actress and her dad trained bears

2. At sixth century got married to Justinian

3. 3.she was born 497CE and died June 28 548

4. Her religion was non-chalcedonia which is a type of Cristian

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1. The romans loved wolves because in the story of Romulas and Remus they were saved and raised by a kind she wolf!

2. The romans quite liked elephants because they carried men such as soldiers and archers in the war!

3. The romans liked dogs because they were used to help hunt birds and other animals for food!

4. Sadly the Romans did not really like cats but some people did have cats to help mice and other nasty creatures out of there houses!

5. The Romans captured tigers so that they could fight them and see who would win I think these fights were silly because it would kill there people or kill an poor creature such as a tiger in this case!

6. The Romans were not to keen on mice as they stole food and made your house a mouse house but at least they are kind of cute well at least i think so!

7. I hope this counts as Roman animals but the Romans loved fish infact they fished all the time they found fish like red mullet and LOTS more!

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1. Roman men would wear a long robe called toga made from white wool or linen.

2. Most Roman children wear a simple tunic which was belted at the waist.

3. Roman babies would wear simple clothing

4. Clothing in ancient Rome generally comprised a short-sleeved or sleeveless knee-length tunic for men and boys, and a longer, usually sleeved tunic for women.

5. Women from rich families had their undergarments also made from silk imported from China.

6. The ancient Romans used devices more similar to irons of today.

7. The toga praetexta: This toga was white with a purple border.

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1. They had swords to battle other countries and in the Colosseum against the Lions and other creatures

2. And they had catapults to throw fireballs in the air to cross the enemy walls And shatter them

3. They also had horses to travel and kill enemies Across the land

4. And they’ve also got their arm or to protect them as well as their shields

5. And they’ve got Roman soldiers that are called Century, which is 100 men

6. Roman Army all so have other vehicles called chariots

7. They also had long range weapons like bows and arrows

Benji

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1. The most powerful god of ancient Roman mythology was Juno .

2. Bona Dea , was the enigmatic and compelling figure of Roman mythology and her legends reveal her multi -faceted roles as a healer, protector, and a symbol of feminine strength.

3. Venus was the prettiest Roman goddess and she came to Rome to symbolise its imperial power.

4. Minerva was the goddess of wisdom , war , art , schools , justice and commerce

5. There are 12 Roman goddesses named Juno, Minerva, Venus, Diana, Ceres, Jupiter, Neptune, Mars, Apollo, Vulcan, Vesta and Mercury.

6. The oldest goddess is Salus Semonia .

7. The bad goddess of Roman mythology is Nemesis she represented revenge, jealousy and retribution.

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Roman gladiators were professional fighters who fought in arenas for the entertainment of the public. Fights were often brutal and bloody and were between gladiators and sometimes wild animals.

They were trained in special schools called ludi.

Gladiators weren’t always enslaved - some were free men who volunteered as they were promised fame and wealth if they were successful.

The word gladiator comes from the Latin word gladius, which means sword.

Gladiators tended to wear minimal clothing and with bare chests to show how strong and manly they were. Some wore helmets, others no helmet.

The most famous arena was Rome’s coliseum which opened in 80 CE and held about 50,000 spectators.

The first known gladiator show took place in 264 BCE.

The Christian emperor Constantine I outlawed gladiator shows in 325 CE.