# data[].attributes.headline
The first Public Flushing Toilets were created in 1851 by George Jennings due to the increase of the population of Britain in that time, which caused the sewage of the older toilets to spill onto the streets and rivers, causing many deaths related to waterborne diseases, however George Jennings was not the one that marketed his invention. 

# data[].attributes.subject
The first Public Flushing Toilets were created in 1851 by George Jennings due to the increase of the population of Britain in that time, which caused the sewage of the older toilets to spill onto the streets and rivers, causing many deaths related to waterborne diseases, however George Jennings was not the one that marketed his invention. 

# data[].attributes.headline
The first few photographies were taken in 1822, however the oldest surviving one was taken in 1826, that one being "View from the Window at Le Gras", by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, however, his photos were crude and exposures took many hours, so it didn't take long until someone proposed to partner with him in order to get better quality photos, that someone being Louis Daguerre in 1829,after Joseph's death, Louis invented the daguerreotype, first shown publicly in 1839.

# data[].attributes.subject
The first few photographies were taken in 1822, however the oldest surviving one was taken in 1826, that one being "View from the Window at Le Gras", by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, however, his photos were crude and exposures took many hours, so it didn't take long until someone proposed to partner with him in order to get better quality photos, that someone being Louis Daguerre in 1829,after Joseph's death, Louis invented the daguerreotype, first shown publicly in 1839.

# data[].attributes.headline
The Pneumatic Tyre had two processes during its creation, Robert William Homson in 1847 first had the idea of the Pneumatic Tyre, though it was never put into product up until 1888 by John Boyd Dunlop, which first made a pneumatic tyre to prevent his son from getting headaches while he was riding his tricycle. 

# data[].attributes.subject
The Pneumatic Tyre had two processes during its creation, Robert William Homson in 1847 first had the idea of the Pneumatic Tyre, though it was never put into product up until 1888 by John Boyd Dunlop, which first made a pneumatic tyre to prevent his son from getting headaches while he was riding his tricycle. 

# data[].attributes.headline
The computers were started by Charles Babbage between 1833 and 1878, the two first concepts of the computers were used mainly for basic mathematical calculations, those two being the "Difference Engine", an automatic computing machine that would approximate polynomials, and the "Analytical Engine", which had integrated memory. However due to funding issues, Charles was never able to finish any of the engines, and instead had to pass them down onto other researchers. 

# data[].attributes.subject
The computers were started by Charles Babbage between 1833 and 1878, the two first concepts of the computers were used mainly for basic mathematical calculations, those two being the "Difference Engine", an automatic computing machine that would approximate polynomials, and the "Analytical Engine", which had integrated memory. However due to funding issues, Charles was never able to finish any of the engines, and instead had to pass them down onto other researchers. 

# data[].attributes.headline
The light bulb wasn't originally made by Thomas Edison in 1879,it was mainly teamwork between Alessandro Volta, Humphrey Davy and Joseph Swan around 1835,however,the first light bulbs invented had a short lifespan and did not make it to the public due to that. However in 1879,Thomas Edison took on the project of the light bulb and did innovations to it, increasing the lifespan of the first few ones up to 1,200 hours, eventually making them public and of easier access. 

# data[].attributes.subject
The light bulb wasn't originally made by Thomas Edison in 1879,it was mainly teamwork between Alessandro Volta, Humphrey Davy and Joseph Swan around 1835,however,the first light bulbs invented had a short lifespan and did not make it to the public due to that. However in 1879,Thomas Edison took on the project of the light bulb and did innovations to it, increasing the lifespan of the first few ones up to 1,200 hours, eventually making them public and of easier access. 

# data[].attributes.headline
When did the British empire start and end? -The british empire started in 1583 and ended in 1997

# data[].attributes.subject
When did the British empire start and end? -The british empire started in 1583 and ended in 1997

# data[].attributes.headline
What was the last significant colony of the British Empire? -The last significant colony of the British Empire was Hong Kong. It was returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1977

# data[].attributes.subject
What was the last significant colony of the British Empire? -The last significant colony of the British Empire was Hong Kong. It was returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1977

# data[].attributes.body
The Industrial Revolution increased the overall amount of wealth and distributed it more widely than had been the case in earlier centuries, helping to enlarge the middle class. However, the replacement of the domestic system of industrial production, in which independent craftspersons worked in or near their homes, with the factory system and mass production consigned large numbers of people, including women and children, to long hours of tedious and often dangerous work at subsistence wages. Their miserable conditions gave rise to the trade union movement in the mid-19th century.

# data[].attributes.body
The Industrial Revolution rapidly gained pace during Victoria's reign because of the power of steam. Victorian engineers developed bigger, faster and more powerful machines that could run whole factories. This led to a massive increase in the number of factories (particularly in textile factories or mills).

# data[].attributes.body
The Industrial Revolution transformed economies that had been based on agriculture and handicrafts into economies based on large-scale industry, mechanized manufacturing, and the factory system. New machines, new power sources, and new ways of organizing work made existing industries more productive and efficient. New industries also arose, including, in the late 19th century, the automobile industry.  

# data[].attributes.body
The main features involved in the Industrial Revolution were technological, socioeconomic, and cultural. The technological changes included the following: the use of new basic materials, chiefly iron and steel, the use of new energy sources, including both fuels and motive power, such as coal, the steam engine, electricity, petroleum, and the internal-combustion engine, the invention of new machines, such as the spinning jenny and the power loom that permitted increased production with a smaller expenditure of human energy, a new organization of work known as the factory system, which entailed increased division of labour and specialization of function, important developments in transportation and communication, including the steam locomotive, steamship, automobile, airplane, telegraph, and radio, and the increasing application of science to industry. These technological changes made possible a tremendously increased use of natural resources and the mass production of manufactured goods.

# data[].attributes.headline
his reign lasted sixty years and three months.                                                   first queen of the house of Hanover.  She was the one who proposed marriage to her husband.                      He spoke several languages.   married on the tenth of February, one thousand eight hundred and sixty    

# data[].attributes.subject
his reign lasted sixty years and three months.                                                   first queen of the house of Hanover.  She was the one who proposed marriage to her husband.                      He spoke several languages.   married on the tenth of February, one thousand eight hundred and sixty    

# data[].attributes.headline
The AGRARIAN REVOLUTION was a process of refinement and development of agricultural techniques that led to an unprecedented increase in agricultural production in English fields. The first Agrarian Revolution occurred in the 12th century and consisted of replacing the blacksmiths' manual hammer with hydraulic and wind hammers.

# data[].attributes.subject
The AGRARIAN REVOLUTION was a process of refinement and development of agricultural techniques that led to an unprecedented increase in agricultural production in English fields. The first Agrarian Revolution occurred in the 12th century and consisted of replacing the blacksmiths' manual hammer with hydraulic and wind hammers.

# data[].attributes.headline
 The second, in the 13th century, was the creation of blast furnaces, a new technology that incorporated the injection of air under pressure into the casting chambers. Plows, hoes, sickles and other tools made from iron and steel.

# data[].attributes.subject
 The second, in the 13th century, was the creation of blast furnaces, a new technology that incorporated the injection of air under pressure into the casting chambers. Plows, hoes, sickles and other tools made from iron and steel.

# data[].attributes.headline
The British Empire was the largest empire in the history of humanity, coming to dominate almost a quarter of the planet. There was so much territory that it was nicknamed “the empire on which the sun never sets”

# data[].attributes.subject
The British Empire was the largest empire in the history of humanity, coming to dominate almost a quarter of the planet. There was so much territory that it was nicknamed “the empire on which the sun never sets”

# data[].attributes.headline
Imperial activity in Great Britain began at the end of the 16th century, largely motivated by Portuguese and Spanish explorations throughout the Americas and Southeast Asia. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Imperial activity in Great Britain began at the end of the 16th century, largely motivated by Portuguese and Spanish explorations throughout the Americas and Southeast Asia. 

# data[].attributes.headline
Other European powers, including France and the Netherlands, were also interested in the prestige and wealth that such explorations brought, with the extraction of precious metals and Asian spices. During this period, Queen Elizabeth I adopted a policy of exploring the Americas and became involved in naval conflicts with Spain.

# data[].attributes.subject
Other European powers, including France and the Netherlands, were also interested in the prestige and wealth that such explorations brought, with the extraction of precious metals and Asian spices. During this period, Queen Elizabeth I adopted a policy of exploring the Americas and became involved in naval conflicts with Spain.

# data[].attributes.headline
It was an empire made up of dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and territories governed or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.

# data[].attributes.subject
It was an empire made up of dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and territories governed or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.

# data[].attributes.headline
The conquest of part of Wales was made by the English king Edward I, during the 13th century, whose objective was to conquer most of the British island. The process did not take place without resistance from the Welsh, but without success.

# data[].attributes.subject
The conquest of part of Wales was made by the English king Edward I, during the 13th century, whose objective was to conquer most of the British island. The process did not take place without resistance from the Welsh, but without success.

# data[].attributes.headline
The Victorian Era spans the 63 years of Queen Victoria’s reign over Great Britain and Ireland. From 1837 until her death in 1901.During this era Britain had great power all around the world, in North America, India, Africa and Australia and others. This period was known as England’s “golden years”.         

# data[].attributes.subject
The Victorian Era spans the 63 years of Queen Victoria’s reign over Great Britain and Ireland. From 1837 until her death in 1901.During this era Britain had great power all around the world, in North America, India, Africa and Australia and others. This period was known as England’s “golden years”.         

# data[].attributes.headline
In Victorian Era, everything you did would dictate the social class you are in. Lower and upper class had major differences in everything: houses, clothing, food. During this period, where the poor were the grand majoritie of the population, this people could work for their whole life but still would never be not near as rich or respected as the upper class.

# data[].attributes.subject
In Victorian Era, everything you did would dictate the social class you are in. Lower and upper class had major differences in everything: houses, clothing, food. During this period, where the poor were the grand majoritie of the population, this people could work for their whole life but still would never be not near as rich or respected as the upper class.

# data[].attributes.headline
Truth to Nature,” a rallying cry for those artists and critics aiming to reform art-making practices in Great Britain over the course of the nineteenth century, bound together artists as diverse as Pre-Raphaelite John Everett Millais, photographer P. H. Emerson, and bohemian modernist Augustus John. In order to understand “truth,” these artists turned to the rising disciplines of science, which offered new insights into physical phenomena, vision, and perception.

# data[].attributes.subject
Truth to Nature,” a rallying cry for those artists and critics aiming to reform art-making practices in Great Britain over the course of the nineteenth century, bound together artists as diverse as Pre-Raphaelite John Everett Millais, photographer P. H. Emerson, and bohemian modernist Augustus John. In order to understand “truth,” these artists turned to the rising disciplines of science, which offered new insights into physical phenomena, vision, and perception.

# data[].attributes.body
Drawing on sources ranging from artists’ letters to scientific treatises, Nature’s Truth illuminates the dynamic relationship between art and science throughout the nineteenth century. Anne Helmreich reveals how these practices became closely aligned as artists sought to maintain art’s relevance in a world increasingly defined by scientific innovation, technological advances, and a rapidly industrializing society. Eventually, despite consensus between artists and critics about the need for “truth to nature,” the British arts community sharply contested what constituted truth and how truth to nature as an ideal could be visually represented. By the early twentieth century, the rallying cry could no longer hold the reform movement together. Helmreich’s fascinating study shows, however, that this relatively short-lived movement had a profound effect on modern British art.

An insightful examination of changing conceptions of truth and the role of art in modern society, Nature’s Truth reframes and recontextualizes our notions of British art.

# data[].attributes.headline
He took the throne at the age of 18 in 1837. At the age of 21, she married her first cousin Albert in 1840. She had 9 children with Albert. In 1877 she became Empress of India. He died in 1901 of a stroke.

# data[].attributes.subject
He took the throne at the age of 18 in 1837. At the age of 21, she married her first cousin Albert in 1840. She had 9 children with Albert. In 1877 she became Empress of India. He died in 1901 of a stroke.