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Series 2 - Foundational Guide Contents Page.pdf

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By Jan Richardson, Karen Cangemi, and Michèle Dufresne

Whether you are working with students remotely or in person, you need to provide a combination of instructional experiences that will help all your students build a strong processing system. Shared reading gives teachers the opportunity to explicitly model strategies and skills that will help expand readers' competencies.

Shared reading provides an opportunity for students to hear and interact with on-grade-level text. During shared reading, you can introduce readers to a variety of genres and text features. You can model strategic actions and fluent reading as you teach vocabulary and comprehension strategies. You can engage and increase student participation in the shared reading experience by including opportunities for echo, choral, and cloze reading. The same book can be used for several days. Rereading the book provides students with opportunities to learn new skills and strategies. Through shared reading, you can build students' confidence and motivation for reading.

Materials

Creating the Lesson Plan

Choose a text that is at the instructional grade-level expectation for that time of year. Make decisions based on the strengths and needs of your students.

Introduce the New Book

Read the title and author's name. Invite students to make predictions based on the title and cover illustration.

Provide a hook or other motivation for reading the book.

Read the Book

As you read, point to each word. Keep your pace natural but slow enough for all readers to follow along.

To increase engagement and to support students who may find the text challenging, determine pages or parts of the text to either choral, echo, or cloze read.

Model fluency skills.

Engage students. Pause three to four times to invite students to share their thinking related to the instructional focus.

Discuss the Book

Invite students to talk about the book. Use your instructional focus to guide the discussion.

Teach

After you read and discuss the book, select one or two teaching points that students can use when reading books independently.

Reread the Book

Reread the book one or more times. Each time you read, students will become better able to read along and build fluency. You can select a different instructional focus for the repeated readings.

Write about the Book

Support students as they write about the book. You might do interactive, shared, or independent writing.

Follow-Up Activities

Provide students opportunities to revisit the shared reading text.

If you have a hard copy of the book, place the book in the reading center for students to read with a buddy.

Assign the digital book so students can read it with or to a family member.

Make a recording of students reading the book, and place it in the listening center along with a copy of the book (if you have a hard copy).

Have students draw a picture and write about their favorite part in the book or about something they learned.

Write the dictated sentence on a sentence strip. Cut it up. Place the cut-up sentence in the reading center or send the sentence home for students to remake.

Have each student write a page to make a class book about the topic.

You can download a Grades K/1 lesson plan here and a Grades 2/3 lesson plan here to help you plan your own dynamic lessons!

To learn more about shared reading, here is a link to a recent webinar presented by Jan Richardson and Karen Cangemi: Using the Digital Reader to Create Engaging Shared Reading Lessons.

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Shared Reading: A Powerful Literacy Experience, In-Person or Remote By Jan Richardson, Karen Cangemi, and Michèle Dufresne Whether you are working with students remotely or in person, you need to provide a combination of instructional experiences that will help all your students build a strong processing system.

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Series 2 Scope & Sequence Aligned to Grade 1 Phonics UoS

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Series 2 Scope & Sequence Aligned to Grade 1 Phonics UoS

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Series 2 - Scope and Sequence Aligned to Grade 1 Phonics .pdf

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Emergent I Am Sam Foundational Lesson.pdf

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Series 2 - Lesson The King of Spring.pdf

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Sample Series 2 - Jake's Escape (CVCe Lesson)

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Sample Series 2 - Jake's Escape (CVCe Lesson)

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Series 2 - Close Reading Lesson The King of Spring.pdf

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Series 2 - Foundational Skills Guide.pdf

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Do you want to engage your students in interactive, meaningful, and engaging experiences? Then you need the perfect shared reading lesson plan!

Shared reading is a piece of your reading block where reading skill instruction happens in a magical way. As you share a specifically chosen mentor text with your students, you are modeling how to be a good reader. They will be hanging on your every word of your shared reading lesson plan! They know that if they try to think and talk about text like you, they will grow to be a good reader LIKE YOU!

Our students soak up everything we do. Therefore, this is our opportunity to show them good reading habits and what it looks like to use these reading strategies teachers are always talking about to fully dive into a book and enjoy the wonderful experience of reading it!

Connection to Real Life in your Lesson Plan

This is the hook where you are grabbing your students' attention. You are making them excited to jump into the whirlwind of the shared reading lesson plan. There are two ways that you can do this:

Concrete Connection- "Last night when I got home I could smell the most delicious smell! I could tell there was some chocolate, sugar, cinnamon in the air. I made an inference that my daughter was baking chocolate chip cookies because I know that her cookies have those smells! I make inferences at home just like we do while we read. Today we are going to practice inferences while reading ___"

School Connection- "This week we are reading about making inferences. While we read ___ (book) we will use our good reader skills to make inferences to help us understand the story."

I have used both types of connections. The concrete connection, I've noticed, not only brings the reading skill to life but also grabs your students' attention! I mean who doesn't love a good story about chocolate chip cookies...

Name the Teaching Point

My teaching points always incorporate mentioning the Comprehension Crew character that we are using to learn the skill. So it sounds like, "When Shane the Synthesizer is cooking, he needs to think about all the possible ingredients. He needs to mix together the right ones to make the best meal possible. Readers mix together their thoughts, feelings, opinions, ideas, connections, and evaluations like ingredients to cook up their best understanding of the text. Good readers synthesize all of these parts of their thinking while reading."

If you are not using the Comprehension Crew you could say, " Readers mix together their thoughts, feelings, opinions, ideas, connections, and evaluations like ingredients to cook up their best understanding of the text. Good readers synthesize all of these parts of their thinking while reading."

Think Aloud Modeling during your Shared Reading Lesson

The most important part of your shared reading lesson plan is the think aloud modeling. This is where you are showing your students your thought process for using the comprehension strategy.

When I do this for synthesizing it sounds like:
"I now think Brandon might be sick because he doesn't want to eat his snack either." Then ask the students "Did you notice how I used my idea about what was happening and my connection about not eating to synthesize that Brandon might be sick?"
I am using our Shane the Synthesizer sentence frame "I now think... because ..." while explaining what about the book prompted these thoughts.

Interactive Practice

Now it is the students' turn! This is when all that work you put into creating your shared reading lesson plan transform into magic that shines though!

The key to this part is that the students take turns using the same sentence frame that you did to apply the reading skill.

Read more about how much time I allocate for teacher modeling vs. student practice here.

Closure

For synthesizing I would say, "Today we learned that you can synthesize your thoughts, feelings, connections, evaluations, and opinions about the text to help you best understand what is happening."

The closure is the part of the shared reading lesson plan that I reiterate what our focus was and what the skill means.

So now are you ready to plan your own lesson?!

Follow these steps and you will be on your way to an amazing experience with your students! Start with a shared reading for 10- 15 minutes at the beginning of the reading block. I separate a picture book over the 5 days so we can really dive into it during each session.

1. Pick a mentor text

2. Divide that book into 5 days. I count the number of pages but I also look for where parts in the story have a natural pause or if there is a suspenseful moment I can stop at in order to get students excited for the next day.

3. Plan the think alouds to model implementing reading strategies for your students. The first day I use most of the time to model and five a short amount of time for student interactive practice. As the week goes on I spend less and less of the time modeling the think alouds myself. See my time break down here.

4. Be confident and ready with sentence frames. When you use consistent wording, your students will use consistent wording! Side story- One time I called on a student to make an inference and they started telling me how the dog in the picture looked like their dog so I just simply redirected and said remember inferences start with "I can tell..." and they said "oh right I can tell that the boy is feeling sad because he is looking down at his feet not at his friends." I was like WHOAAA the power of sentence frames!!! It keeps students so focused on the skill you are practicing!

5. Use a routine to ensure you are modeling then students get interactive practice time. I use the terms "my turn your turn" while leading so that it is clear. They know that until I say it is your turn to make predictions that they are listening, noticing what I say, and thinking but not speaking yet. If you have to keep telling them to put their hands down they will feel discouraged. These guidelines really help them prepare for that moment when I say it is your turn to make predictions while I read.

It's important that the interactive student practice is the bulk of how the time is spent. This is the part of your shared reading plan that ensures your students will remember what an inference means. Your students will then be able to apply it to text independently.

Are you are feeling like this would be amazing for your students' little minds and little hearts? Are you also feeling overwhelmed with how to plan that perfect shared reading lesson plan? Well I have two solutions for you!

1. Check out my Comprehension Crew resource where I have prewritten lesson plans for each reading skill. This resource can be used with ANY text! My Making Connections resource is free!

2. Join my email list where I weekly send tips and tricks to help you reach your little learners. You can also email me directly and ask me any questions you want!

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5 Easy Steps to The Perfect Shared Reading Lesson Plan - Lessons By The Lake

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Do you want to engage your students in interactive, meaningful, and engaging experiences? Then you need the perfect shared reading lesson plan! Shared reading is a piece of your reading block where reading skill instruction happens in a magical way. As you share a specifically chosen mentor text with your students, you are modeling how to be a good reader.

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​​​Shared reading is a strategy that can support the teaching of the Big Six elements of reading: oral language and early experiences with print, phonological awareness, phonics, vocabulary, fluency and comprehension. (Konza, 2016).

Day one can focus on reading for meaning and enjoyment. Day two to five could focus on a rereading with explicit teaching based on the above elements.

This lesson will require students to listen to and join in with the reading of an enlarged, shared text that contains rhyme and repetition.

Sharing Fruit, Author Jenny Feely.

Reproduced by permission. Source: Sharing Fruit, Author Jenny Feely, Program Flying Start to Literacy published by Eleanor Curtain Publishing Pty Ltd. © EC Licensing Pty Ltd

The text contains opportunities for the teacher to:

model fluent and expressive reading

encourage students to identify and generate rhyming words

blend and segment single syllable words.

The text contains opportunities for the student to:

hear what fluent and expressive reading sounds like

track text as it is being read to reinforce early reading behaviours

join in with the teacher on the repetitive sections of the text

identify and generate examples of onset and rime (eg: vine, mine)

see the teacher model strategies to ensure reading for meaning.

The text contains:

rhyme (tree/me, lunch/munch)

rhythm (Two red apples on the tree. One for you and one for me.)

repeated segments (munch, munch, munch)

digraph /ch/ in munch, lunch, bunch, crunchy, each, cherries

blend 'cr' in crispy, crunchy

punctuation marks: full stop, capital letter, comma, question mark, exclamation mark, quotation marks.

Foundation - Reading and viewing

Read texts with familiar structures and features, practising phrasing and fluency, and monitor meaning using concepts about print and emerging phonic, semantic, contextual and grammatical knowledge. For more information, see: Content description VCELY152

Level one - Reading and viewing

Read texts with familiar features and structures using developing phrasing, fluency, phonic, semantic, contextual, and grammatical knowledge and emerging text processing strategies, including prediction, monitoring meaning and rereading. For more information, see: Content description VCELY187

Level two - Reading and viewing

Read familiar and some unfamiliar texts with phrasing and fluency by combining phonic, semantic, contextual and grammatical knowledge using text processing strategies, including monitoring meaning, predicting, rereading and self correcting. For more information, see: Content description VCELY221

We are learning to read with phrasing and fluency.

I can use the rhythm of the text and placement of words on the page to help me read with phrasing and fluency.

Text decoder/ Text participant/ Text user

1. Introduce the learning intention and success criteria for the lesson.

Today we are learning about how to read with phrasing and fluency. When we read fluently and group words together in phrases, it can help us understand what we read. It is important to understand what we are reading.

I am going to show you how to group your words together in phrased units and use the rhythm of the text to help me read this text. You will have a chance to practise this skill reading some of the pages in this book; to yourself and with a partner. You will know you are successfully reading with phrasing and fluency when you receive feedback from each other and me at the lesson conclusion.

2. Ensure text is displayed in front of students so they can see the enlarged font and photographs. Introduce text. "This text is about two children who share some fruit. While I read, see if you can name and remember all the different types of fruit they share and eat".

3. Begin reading. Use a pointer to track the words so students can see early reading behaviours such as left to right, return sweep, top to bottom, word by word matching.

4. As the text is read, model phrasing and fluency, using the natural rhythm of the text to assist.

5. After reading, check for understanding.

Ask students who was in the text, what and how much fruit was eaten (literal comprehension).

Ask students why the boy ate all the other fruit except for the lemon? (inferential comprehension).

6. Reread the text. Ask students to listen out for the way the text sounds. Encourage students to join in with the repetitive segments. Discuss.

7. Return to page 2. Model reading page 2 and ask students to clap the pattern as the teacher reads. What do they notice? Ask them to join in and reread page 2 again. Point out that the text has been written to support phrasing and fluency. Each line is a new phrase.

8. Repeat process with page 3.

9. Make copies of the written text from page 2 and 3. Ask students to read with a partner, using the rhythm to assist their phrasing and fluency. Partners give feedback on whether the reading sounds phrased and fluent. The teacher roams the paired groups modelling and giving feedback as required. Select students to share their reading.

10. Students return to the main group. Selected students share their reading with the whole group. Listen for rhythm, phrasing and fluency.

11. Revisit success criteria. Check which students feel confident reading with phrasing and fluency and which students require more practise. Annotate student records.

This lesson will require students to listen to and join in with the reading of an enlarged, shared text that contains rhyme and repetition.

Sharing Fruit, Author Jenny Feely.

Reproduced by permission. Source: Sharing Fruit, Author Jenny Feely, Program Flying Start to Literacy published by Eleanor Curtain Publishing Pty Ltd. © EC Licensing Pty Ltd

​

Enlarged text (big book), unlevelled.

The text contains opportunities for the teacher to:

model fluent and expressive reading

encourage students to identify and generate rhyming words

blend and segment single syllable words.

The text contains opportunities for students to:

hear what fluent and expressive reading sounds like

track text as it is being read to reinforce early reading behaviours

join in with the teacher on the repetitive sections of the text

identify and generate examples of onset and rime (eg: vine, mine)

see the teacher model strategies to ensure reading for meaning.

The text contains:

rhyme (eg: tree/me, lunch/munch)

rhythm (eg: Two red apples on the tree. One for you and one for me)

repeated segments (eg: munch, munch, munch)

digraph /ch/ in munch, lunch, bunch, crunchy, each, cherries

blend 'cr' in crispy, crunchy

punctuation marks: full stop, capital letter, comma, question mark, exclamation mark, quotation marks.

Foundation

Speaking and listening

Identify rhyming words, alliteration patterns, syllables and some sounds (phonemes) in spoken words. For more information, see: Content description VCELA168

We are learning to hear words that rhyme and think of other examples that can rhyme with them.

I can hear and identify at least one set of words that rhyme in this text. I can also think of another word that is not in the text but could rhyme with the ones I identified.

Text decoder

1. Introduce the learning intention and success criteria for the lesson. Today we are learning about words that rhyme. We know that words rhyme when the last part of a word sounds the same as the last part of another word. I am going to read you this text that has lots of rhyming words in it. I want you to listen out for words that sound the same at the end. By the end of this session I want you to tell me at least 2 words that rhyme from the text. I also want you to think of another word that is not in the text but could rhyme with the words you identified.

2. Ensure text is displayed in front of students so they can see the enlarged font and photographs. Introduce text. "This text is about two children who share some fruit. While I read, see if you can name and remember all the different types of fruit they share and eat".

3. Begin reading. Use a pointer to track the words so students can see early reading behaviours such as left to right, return sweep, top to bottom, word by word matching.

4. After reading, check for understanding. Ask students who was in the text, what and how much fruit was eaten (literal comprehension). Ask students why the boy ate all the other fruit except for the lemon? (inferential comprehension).

5. Reread the text. Ask students to listen carefully for any rhyming words they hear. The teacher uses intonation and stress to delineate the rhyming words as they read. If students hear a rhyming word, the teacher asks them to clap/put their hand up/click their fingers etc.

6. As the rhyming words are identified, the teacher records the words where all student can see them. (eg: lunch/munch, see/me, do/you, vine/mine). Discuss why the words rhyme (ie: the ends of both the words sound the same).

7. Ask students to look at the word endings. What do they notice? (ie: Rhyming words may sound the same but word endings are not always spelt the same).

8. Ask students to find a spot around the room by themselves. Give each student a card with a rhyming word written on it from the text. Their task is to say the word and find another person in the classroom with a word that rhymes with their word (i.e. do and you, tree and me. A further scaffold might be to write each rhyming pair in the same colour). When they have found a rhyming partner sit down on the carpet with their partner and identify the part of the word that rhymes and its sound. Rove pairs to assist.

9. Return to whole group. Students share their matched words and the rhyming sound they can hear at the end of each matched pair. As a group encourage students to generate another word that rhymes with the rhyming pair. Scaffold students' attempts at new words with prompts such as think of another rhyming word that starts with the digraph /th/, consonant blend 'cr' or begins with the sound /s/. Record the generated words with the rhyming pairs. Accept real and made up words. Underline the part of each word that rhymes.

10. Revisit the success criteria. Ask students to use the thumbs up/down/sideways gesture to signal whether they could hear 2 words that rhymed. Repeat process for whether they could think of another word that rhymed that was not in the text.

Repeat the explicit teaching of identifying and generating words that rhyme with a range of texts that contain rhyming words. See Multiple Exposures in High Impact Teaching Strategies:

This lesson will require students to listen to and join in with the reading of an enlarged, shared text that contains rhyme and repetition.

The text contains opportunities for the teacher to:

model fluent and expressive reading

encourage students to identify

generate rhyming words and blend and segment single syllable words.

The text contains opportunities for students to:

hear what fluent and expressive reading sounds like

track text as it is being read to reinforce early reading behaviours

join in with the teacher on the repetitive sections of the text

identify and generate examples of onset and rime (eg: vine, mine)

see the teacher model strategies to ensure reading for meaning.

The text contains:

rhyme (eg: tree/me, lunch/munch)

rhythm (eg: Two red apples on the tree. One for you and one for me)

repeated segments (eg: munch, munch, munch)

digraph /ch/ in munch, lunch, bunch, crunchy, each, cherries

blend 'cr' in crispy, crunchy

punctuation marks: full stop, capital letter, comma, question mark, exclamation mark, quotation marks.

Sharing Fruit, Author Jenny Feely.

Reproduced by permission. Source: Sharing Fruit, Author Jenny Feely, Program Flying Start to Literacy published by Eleanor Curtain Publishing Pty Ltd. © EC Licensing Pty Ltd

​

Enlarged text (big book), unlevelled

Foundation

Reading and viewing

Blend sounds associated with letters when reading consonant-vowel-consonant words. For more information, see: Content description VCELA147

Level one

Understand how to spell one and two syllable words with common letter patterns. For more information, see: Content description VCELA182

We are learning to blend and segment onset and rime in words.

For more information, see: Onset-Rime Segmentation​ (docx - 250.94kb)

I can find the rime in a word I know, change the onset and help spell at least 2 new words.

Text decoder.

1. Introduce the learning intention and success criteria for the lesson. Today we are learning how to use a word we already know to help us get to another word that looks and sounds alike. This strategy is useful when we are writing and when decoding text. It helps us get to new words from words we already know. I am going to show you how to break up a word into its rime and onset and then change the onset to make a new word. By the end of the session I want you to be able to break up a word into its onset and rime and then change the onset to spell 2 new words.

2. Ensure text is displayed in front of students so they can see the enlarged font and photographs. Introduce text. "This text is about two children who share some fruit. While I read, see if you can name and remember all the different types of fruit they share and eat".

3. Begin reading. Use a pointer to track the words so students can see early reading behaviours such as left to right, return sweep, top to bottom, word by word matching.

4. After reading, check for understanding. Ask students who was in the text, what and how much fruit was eaten (literal comprehension). Ask students why the boy ate all the other fruit except for the lemon? (inferential comprehension).

5. Reread page 2. Record the word 'red' where all students can see it.

6. Make the word 'red' with magnetic letters underneath. Show students how to break it up into onset and rime. Underline the rime and point out that a rime always starts with a vowel. Introduce the metalanguage 'rime' to students. Discuss its meaning and how it is different from rhyme.

7. Place the magnetic letters b, f, l, t, w, sh above the word. Say 'I can make another word that looks and sounds like /r/ 'ed' if I change the first letter and replace it with another (eg: /b/ 'ed').

8. Ask individual students to come up and make and break the onset and rime to make new 'ed' rimes. Introduce the metalanguage 'onset' and discuss its meaning.

9. Draw students' attention to the reciprocity of this knowledge; knowing one word can help you get to another and the usefulness of this when decoding or encoding.

10. Revisit the success criteria. Ask students to silently identify the rime in 'red' and think of 2 new onsets for that rime. Ask them to turn and share with a partner. As students share rove group and give feedback. Ask students to use the thumbs up/down/sideways gesture to signal their success at this task.

As a follow up, students make a flip rime book. Fold several A5 blank pages in half to form a small book. Staple. Leave the back page intact. Record the rime on the bottom right corner of the back page. Cut a small square out of the right bottom corner on each of the other pages so the recorded rime is visible.

Students then record an onset on each page as close to the rime as possible. They illustrate, blend, read and learn to spell the rimes. Students keep flip book in their book box to be referred to during literacy activities.

students who require a large amount of scaffolding can make an 'ed' flip rime book using the displayed onsets to help them with the spelling and writing of the new words

provide some other one syllable words from the text (eg: vine, lunch, green) and ask students to identify the rime and then change the onset to make new words.

My Dog Rags, Author Kerrie Shanahan, Program Flying Start to Literacy
Published by Eleanor Curtain Publishing Pty Ltd.
© EC Licensing Pty Ltd. Reproduced by permission

English, Speaking and Listening, Language: Phonics and word knowledge

Foundation: Identify rhyming words, alliteration patterns, syllables and some sounds (phonemes) in spoken words (Content description VCELA168)

English, Reading and Viewing, Language: Phonics and word knowledge

Foundation: Recognise all upper- and lower-case letters and the most common sound that each letter represents (Content description VCELA146)

English, Reading and Viewing, Language: Expressing and developing ideas

Foundation: Recognise that texts are made up of words and groups of words that make meaning (Content description VCELA144)

I am learning to hear and say words that rhyme by listening to the middle and final part of a word.

I can hear and say two words that rhyme.
I can think of another word that rhymes with my pair.

1. Listen to My Dog Rags clip on YouTube (e.g. 0.00-0.40 chorus only)

Model actions for flip flop, wig wag and zig zag. Children join in on the second viewing. Aurally identify the words that rhyme e.g. Rags/sags, wag/zag, wig/zig, he/me and what part of the word makes them rhyme.

2. Use the shared reading practice to read big book My Dog Rags by Kerrie Shanahan for enjoyment and understanding. Reread the text and ask students to listen out for rhyming words on selected pages e.g. 2,5,16. Reinforce what makes each set of words rhyme. Write rhyming words on whiteboard (e.g. Rags/sags, slops/stops, pet/met, see/me) and on prepared flashcards.

3. Model game of tic tac toe with selected rhyming words to support phonic identification.

4. Students work with a partner. Each pair has a set of cards with rhyming words from the story written on. Play a game of tic tac toe to identify the words.

5. Pairs turn cards over. Play a game of concentration/memory where partners have to find 2 words that rhyme to make a pair. Teacher roves student pairs to support or differentiates by working with a small group.

6. Ask pairs to choose one set of rhyming words from their memory game. Say the words and think of new words that rhyme with the pair.

7. Return to main group and a member from each group share a rhyming pair and a new rhyming word.

8. Return to success criteria. Students turn to their partner and share the 2 rhyming words they know. Additionally share a new rhyming word that matches the pair. Use the thumbs up/sideways/down to signal their success at the task.

Above: Record different rhyming words from the text on flashcards that were not explicitly highlighted and ask students to use in paired groups.

Give paired groups blank flashcards and ask them to write their own pairs of rhyming words.

Below: Students who require more assistance could work in a small teacher group.

This text provides opportunities for:

investigating the use of pronoun references used as linking devices to make a text cohesive. One way an author sets up links in a text is to use pronouns to refer back to a noun or noun group which has already been mentioned.

building comprehension by supporting students to understand that pronouns can take the place of nouns or noun groups in a text. By linking the pronouns to the correct noun or noun group, readers are better able to understand the content including character development and the interplay between characters.

Go to Sleep, Jessie!
Text copyright © Libby Gleeson 2014, Illustrations copyright © Freya Blackwood 2014
Published by Little Hare, an imprint of Hardie Grant Egmont

This picture story book is a narrative about two siblings. Jessie, the baby, moves into her big sister's bedroom and her crying quickly unsettles her big sister. The story follows the big sister's unsuccessful attempts to placate the baby and get her to sleep. After Dad intervenes and takes Jessie for a ride in the car, the big sister realises her bedroom is not the same without her baby sister. The story concludes with both siblings asleep in Jessie's cot.

English, Writing, Language: Text structure and organisation

Level 4: Understand how texts are made cohesive through the use of linking devices including pronoun reference and text connectives ( Content description VCELA290)

English, Reading and Viewing, Literacy: Interpreting, analysing, evaluating

Level 4: Use comprehension strategies to build literal and inferred meaning to expand content knowledge, integrating and linking ideas and analysing and evaluating texts ( Content description VCELY288)

Text decoder/Text participant.

Small group.

We are learning that when we read pronouns can take the place of nouns or noun groups in a text.

I can locate the pronouns in a page of text I am reading.

I can link the pronouns to a noun or noun group in the text.

1. Introduce the learning intention. Explain to students that authors use pronouns in their texts to take the place of nouns or noun groups. They do this to make their texts more cohesive. Readers need to be aware of what pronoun refers to what noun or noun groups so they can make meaning of the text.

2. Revise what pronouns are and display in a prominent place where the small group can see view easily.

Personal pronouns
I, me (singular) us, we (plural) [first person, 'speaking']
you (singular and plural) [second person - 'spoken to']
he, she, him, her, it (singular) they them (plural) [third person - 'spoken 'of]

3. Read Go To Sleep Jessie! by Libby Gleeson and Freya Blackwood for enjoyment and understanding.

4. Reread pages 2 and 3 again with the students, making sure the small group can see the words in the text or enlarge a section for ease of viewing. As students join in the reading, ask them to look carefully for the personal pronouns and identify them.

e.g. Jessie is screaming.
Every night she does this. Ever since she moved into my room.
'Be quiet,' I say. 'Go to sleep.'

Then ask who the pronouns are referring to. For example,
" Who is the pronoun 'she' referring to? She takes the place of the noun or noun group. What noun in the first sentence is she referring to? Students reread. She must be referring to Jessie. I can test in the next sentence when I see she again. Does it make sense to say Jessie moved into my room? Does that fit with the meaning in the story? Yes it does.

" Who is the pronoun 'I' referring to ('Be quiet,' I say)? Ask students to reread the last sentence on page 3. From the illustration on page 3 I can see a big sister sitting on a bed. She must be telling the story. I wonder what her name is? It is her room that Jessie the baby has moved into. I know because she calls the room 'my room'.

Note to teachers: The word 'my' is not a pronoun. It is a possessive determiner (often called a possessive adjective). My comes before the noun 'room' to show who owns the room.

Students work in pairs. Refer to the success criteria. Give them a section of the text and ask them to highlight the pronouns and make the link to the relevant noun or noun group. Suggested pages might be:

Page 5
Jessie keeps screaming.
'If you stop screaming,' I say.
'I'll let you hold T-Bear.'
I climb out of my bed and pass him to her.

Double page 19 and 20
I stand at the window and watch the car drive down the street and turn the corner.
Then it does it again and again.

5. Pairs share their work and their thinking. Ask students to replace the pronouns with the relevant nouns or noun groups. How does this alter the text? Reiterate the use of pronouns is one way to make a text appear more cohesive.

6. Ask students to read independently. As they read use a sticky note to highlight a section that contains pronouns.

7. After reading students attempt to link the pronouns to the correct noun or noun group. Record in their Reading Response Book.

8. The teacher selects a representative to articulate their learning to the main group at the conclusion of the reading lesson.

This lesson will introduce the traditional rhyme 'Miss Mary Mack' via an enlarged text through the practice of shared reading.

The teacher will select some of the words from the text to introduce and teach syllables. Metalanguage such as vowel, consonant and syllable will be taught/reinforced.

Students will have the opportunity to investigate words and the number of syllables via clapping and clave sticks.​​

Traditional Rhyme 'Miss Mary Mack'

Miss Mary Mack, Mack, MackAll dressed in black, black, blackWith silver buttons, buttons, buttons

All down her back, back, back.

She asked her mother, mother, motheror fifty cents, cents, centsTo see the elephants, elephants, elephants
f

Jump over the fence, fence, fence.​

They jumped so high, high, highthey reached the sky, sky, skyAnd didn't come back, back, back

Till the 4th of July, July, July.

Victorian Curriculum (English), Speaking and Listening, Language: Phonics and word knowle​dge

Foundation: Identify rhyming words, alliteration patterns, syllables and some sounds (phonemes) in spoken words (Content description VCELA168)

Level one: Identify the separate phonemes in consonant blends or clusters at the beginnings and ends of syllables (Content description VCELA203)

Victorian Curriculum (English), Reading and Viewing, Language: Phonics and word knowledge

Level one: Unde​rstand that a letter can represent more than one sound, and that a syllable must contain a vowel sound (Content description VCELA183​)

Enlarged copy of the traditional rhyme Miss Mary Mack (docx - 23.85kb)

Definition of syllables (docx - 23.18kb)

Prepared flashcards with individually recorded words from the rhyme (e.g. button, fence, July, see, elephants, over, sky, back, mother, fifty, didn't, they)

Instrument for clapping-hands, fingers, musical instruments (e.g. clave sticks, drums, tambourines, triangles, maracas).

We are learning how to break words up into syllables.

I can say what a syllable is.

I can clap the number of syllables in a word.

To help me work out the number of syllables I can cross check by looking at a word to find the vowel or vowel-like sounds within it.

1. Introduce the traditional rhyme Miss Mary Mack through the teaching practice of shared reading. Ask students to join in on the repetitive sections of the text.

2. Refer to the learning intention and define syllable (see syllable awareness, definition of a syllable), vowel and consonant. Record the vowels where students can see them.

3. Refer to the success criteria and explain.

4. Use the prepared flashcards with individual words from the rhyme written on them (e.g. button, fence, July, see, elephants, over, sky, back, mother, fifty, didn't, they). Think aloud to model how to establish the number of syllables in some of the words.lap the beat

C
Cross check by listening for the vowel sounds
Identify the vowels or letters that make vowel-like sounds on the flashcards including (e.g. July, fifty), words that have silent letters (e.g. fence) or are contractions (e.g. didn't)

5. Hand out musical instruments to students. Select some examples and ask students to turn and work with a partner. Identify the number of syllables in a word by playing the beats with their instruments.

6. Share student findings. Prompt students to explain their thinking.

7. Make link to why knowing syllables is an important skill for writing and reading

If you can break a word into syllables, you can hear the sounds and then match to letters to write it down (encode)
If you are reading and you come across a new/unknown word you can break into syllables to help decode it.

8. Revisit the enlarged version of Miss Mary Mack. Students reread a verse clapping the syllables (or playing their instrument).

9. Return to the success criteria. Check students understanding of what a syllable is and their confidence with clapping the number of syllables in a word.

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​​​Shared reading is a strategy that can support the teaching of the Big Six elements of reading: oral language and early experiences with print, phonological awareness, phonics, vocabulary, fluency and comprehension. (Konza, 2016). Day one can focus on reading for meaning and enjoyment.