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1874

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Impressionism depicted modern life, through landscapes, city life, and social commentary. They created paintings that gave the viewer a glance into the world. With Monet the view was outside with the sun and air, and with Manet it was in the city with people going about their lives. The Impressionists used small light brushwork, and bold color.

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Edouard Manet
Gustave Courbet
Claude Monet

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1886

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Symbolism emerged when impressionist painters wanted a stronger spiritual or emotional approach to their subjects. The artists wanted to use their minds to use images that symbolize spiritual and religious beliefs instead of painting them directly. The movement was based out of literature, religion, and fantasy. In symbolism paintings the subjects are very static but very aesthetic. This movement continues the use of bold colors but space and dimension fall away to create a dreamlike quality.

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Gustave Moreau
Pierre Puvis de Chavannes
Odilon Redon
Dante Gabriel Rossetti

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1886

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Post Impression art is known for bright vivid use of color, thick application of paint, with thick brush strokes or line. This movement is also known for distorting the forms and space for an exaggerated view. The subject matter was typically of real-life. Post-Impression painting didn't shy away from taboos and socially unacceptable subjects.

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Georges Seurat
Paul Cezanne
Vincent Van Gogh
Paul Gauguin

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1890

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Art Nouveau comes from post-impressionist artists showing an appreciation for decorative, geometric, and graphic elements. It was inspired by the symbolist movement in terms of using representational images through pattern and organic shapes. This movement continues the use of bright color but starts to stray away from the use of noticeable brushwork. Most of the movement is inspired by organic fluid movement we see naturally in plants. It also tended to flatten and abstract the subject matter that was depicted.

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Henry van de Velde
Jules Cheret
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Pierre Bonnard
Gustave Klimt

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1905

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The Fauvism movement continues the noticeable large brushwork technique. The Fauvs didn't breakdown the direction or placement of the brushwork but did it spontaneously and intuitively. They used bright, rich colors to create daring and bold pieces. The color was applied in broad flat plans and then clarified with the Art Nouveau style linework. The overall theme to fauvism was sensual, rhythmic, flat and very direct bold color.

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Henri Matisse
Andre Derain
Maurice de Vlaminck
Georges Rouault
Raoul Dufy
Havrais Georges Braque

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1905

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Expressionism artist tried to express their feelings and views by distorting reality. They did this by using large placements of flat color, extreme angles, and flattening space and volume. The lifework was jagged and the natural forms were distorted. The color choices were bold and garish to heighten emotional intensity. It was influenced by African and Oceania art. The subject matter came from the German origins and depicted germanic life and culture. Expressionism goes on to explore abstraction and eventually develops non objective works. The artists of the movement create intense feelings through distortion and bright colors.

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Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
Vasily Kandinsky
Gabriele Münter
Franz Marc
Paul Klee
Joan Miro

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1907

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The beginning of the cubist movement is characterized through overlapping fragments that create volume and a geometric quality. Brushwork was assertive and stood out in paintings.The color becomes more subdue and reduced but still expressive of the artists feelings. Instead focusing on distorted form and perspective. Heavily influenced by African and Oceanic art. Form and shapes are organized and abstracted. Figures emerge from the the geometric shapes they make up as the overall focus.

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Pablo Picasso
Georges Braque
Juan Gris
Marcel Duchamp
Fernand Leger
Le Corbusier

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1909

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An Italian movement inspired by Cubism, the artist tried to create a space that encourages abstraction, technology, dynamism, and energy. It uses elements of Neo-impressionism with the use of line, and Cubism with the use of geometric shapes to create volume. It tried to depict movement and energy though blurring and repetition.

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Umberto Boccioni
Carlo Carra
Luigi Russolo
Giacomo Balla
Gino Severini

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1912

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Synthetic Cubism is characterized by bright colors, non-objective, geometric and sometimes organic shapes. It's use of bright colors make it flat and the subject is abstracted into shapes or geometric forms. Synthetic cubism depicts still life's and non-objective pieces.

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Georges Braque
Pablo Picasso
Juan Gris

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1910

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Modern fantasy is the beginnings of Surrealism. It uses classical techniques like one point perspective and realism combined with illogical details and subjects to create a creepy affect. It's supposed to create a dreamlike, supernatural affect that the viewer will be disturbed by. It plays into our understanding of the scientific world to create inconsistencies that make it feel like a dream.

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Henri Rousseau
Marc Chagall
Giorgio de Chirico

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1912

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Named by Mikhail Larionov, Rayonism is a Russian art form that is abstracted and non-objective. It's a combination of Cubism, Futurism, and Orphism. It is characterized by bold lines of color like rays. The colors are pure and bright and the forms are geometric.

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Mikhail Larionov
Natalia Gontcharova

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1913

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A Russian Avant-Garde movement that combined Cubism and Futurism. It did this by using bright colors, geometric shapes, non-objective subject matter, and pattern. The works would contrast texture, color, and viewpoints.

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Kasimir Malevich
Liubov Popova

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1913

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Started by Mikhail, The Russian artist wanted to achieve the most abstracted art form that was above all previous art styles. It abstracted using only shapes and bright colors. The shapes were the simple square, rectangle, and circle. It is supposed to be aesthetic instead of depicting a subject.

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Mikhail Larionov
Natalia Gontcharova
Liubov Popova
Kasimir Malevich
Olga Rozanova

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1913

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Constructivism characteristics were a Russian propaganda art style that used simple shapes and geometric structures to advertise, spread information, or express appreciation for Russian culture and government. The art style would use a limited color pallet of mostly red black and white.

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Vladimir Tatlin
Alexander Rodchenko
Naum Gabo

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1915

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Dada art style was a rejection of art and the idea of craftsmanship. It created the idea of a readymade and that things chosen as art could be art despite not being made by the artist.

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Marcel Duchamp
Alfred Stieglitz
Francis Picabia
Morton Shamberg
Man Ray

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1916

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Dada movement used the medium of photography that was edited and changed to be nonsensically and satirical. It also used collage to create non-objective works using magazine and newspaper for pop culture and political references. It was a reaction of World War 1.

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Marcel Janco
Jean Arp
Sophie Taeuber
Hans Richter

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Hannah Höch
Raoul Hausmann
Kurt Schwitter
George Grosz

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1917

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De Stijl was a Dutch movement meaning the style that emphasized shape and color. It started with rhythmic geometric shapes and developed into flat squares and rectangles of color. is focused on horizontal and vertical geometric forms of color. The colors were primary colors accompanied with black and white.

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Piet Mondrian
Theo van Doesburg
J.J.P. Oud
Georges Vantongerloo

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1920

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Precisianism was a movement that came from America that experimented with technique and form. It tried to copy and express the technology and architecture in real life as close to accurate as possible. Sometimes it would try and depict real life better than our own eyes could see it.

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Charles Demuth
Charles Sheeler

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1924

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Surrealism characteristics are dreamlike, irrational, and thought provoking. It would abstract subjects to be representational and almost unrecognizable. It was influenced by symbolism as everything was representational. The difference would be that it would put illogical elements together to show the viewers own inner feelings.

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Max Ernst
Andre Masson
Joan Miro
Salvador Dali
Man Ray
Yves Tanguy