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This was the first established and permanent colony in North America. This town was the basis of the establishment of North America. Later, it was burned and destroyed during Bacon's Rebellion.

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Came to be known as the "Holy City", Charleston was a key port in slavery and trade; a prime spot for the Transatlantic slave trade. As well as the start of the Civil War and leadership in the American Revolution, to come later

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Philadelphia was one of the few cities with religious freedoms, a leading center of commerce and trading ports, and a culture. It was home to the welcoming of American independence, leading to the ratification of the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution later

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A thriving spot for many Native Indians, attracting many of the French colonizers. Due to the location and richness in resources, New Orleans, despite calls to lower slavery, was one of the largest trading ports for slaves. The Spanish tried to take over the French during the French and Indian War, but Spanish took control till further notice.

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A large trading port for Europeans and colonists, as well as a source of profit for the Dutch West India Company. Also had a notable religious tolerance, hosting many different ethnic and religious practices.

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Lexington and Concord

This was the first armed, military-like style fight between British forces and colonial militias. This starts the American Revolution.

This also showed the colonists that they had the power to overtake and fight the well-known and powerful British forces. (gained confidence)

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YorkTown

This is the site of the last and final battle to take place in the American Revolution. The battle of Yorktown consisted here, where American and French forces allied to fight against the British. Led by George Washington, this battle forced the British armies to surrender and marked a crucial step in the creation of American independence.

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Saratoga

This was the turning point in the Revolutionary War; a win for the Americans. This ultimately convinces the French to form an alliance with the Americans for future support in the war, which shows to helps later on in the Yorktown.

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This includes any area that was west of the Mississippi River

This was a significant help in expanding the American states, doubling their size and power over the area. At first the French were in control, but once they had given the treaty, they lost control over the land, lessening their impact on the US.

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This was significant because it prohibited the expansion and use of slavery for areas North of the line and allowed in the southern areas. this preserved balance at first but ultimately to angering of Southerners who thought it violated their property rights, and being a factor to the Civil War.

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It became a crucial battleground for conflicting ideologies of the Union and Confederacy. Since it was a border between the free and slave states, it could be of use to states around. It also smoothed the upset of unbalanced power.

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It was admitted as free state, alongside Missouri, a slave state, creating temporary balance in the debate over slavery. It also was a contributor to the economy, primarily through shipbuilding, fishing, and extensive lumber industries.

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It connected the Hudson River to Lake Erie, and helped transform the American economy and national identity. It was a reliable transport of agricultural goods and manufactured products from the Midwest to eastern markets, helping to open up the western interior to settlement.

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Battle of Fort Sumter

This was the first battle of the American Civil war, which resulted in 620, 00 deaths and eventual abolition of slavery. It signaled the start of open hostilities.

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Battle of Gettysburg First Shot Marker, Chambersburg Road, Gettysburg, PA

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This was the area of major turning point in the Civil war, which marked the end of General Robert E. Lee's invasions in the North. This results in a Union victory, shifting the momentum of the war to favor the Union.

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Taking place in the Kansas Territory, a violent precursor to the Civil War, showing the divide over slavery in the nation, ultimately foreshadowing the conflict over violent clashes, political subversion, and the rise of figures such as John brown. All of this arose from the Kansas-Nebraska Act

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Wilmington NC Coup

one of the only successful overthrows of an local government in US history, solidifying white supremacist rule in NC for a significant amount of time. It also was a turning point in the post-reconstruction era as it intensified segregation and provided the model of violent intimidation to decrease black political power.

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Border states

one of the border states that consisted of slave states that didn't succeed from the Union and maintained loyalty to the North even thought they were slaveholders. These states included Kentucky, Delaware, Maryland, Missouri, and West Virginia.

These areas, especially during the Civil War, were strategic locations with vital natural resources, important transportation and communication line, and considerable man power which supported the war efforts and preserved the Nation

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1869

Where the completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad takes place , as it dramatically reduces travel time across the country from months to about a week. It increased economic growth, westward expansion, and had a significant impact on Native American tribes and Chinese immigrant labor.

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1892

Serves as a primary federal immigration station for the U.S for over 60 years. A symbol of American mass immigration and is central to the ancestry of nearly 40% of the current U.S. population.

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Brown Building, Washington Place, New York, NY

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1911

One of the deadliest industrial disasters in U.S. history, killing 146 garment workers (mostly young immigrant women). Exposes the horrific factory working conditions, and generates massive public outcry. This became a catalyst for sweeping labor and workplace safety laws and reforms in New York.

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in 1898, the Us annexed Hawaii and became a strategic outpost for projecting naval power and commerce across the Pacific. Also, became a naval base with Pearl harbor, and their economy due to the sugar planters, was of great value to other countries

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ceded to US from Spain after the Spanish-American War in 1898. A 20 million dollar purchase made by the US, viewed it as a gateway for Asian markets and it lead to the Philippine-American War during the start of the 20th century. Filipinos fought for independence

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Ceded to the US by Spain in 1898 under the Treaty of Paris after the Spanish-American War. Both now and during this period in history, remains a strategically important US territory in the Caribbean, giving the US a strong military and commercial presence in the region.

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Purchased from Russia in 1867. During 1890-1945, this territory gained importance from the Klondike Gold Rush, starting in 1896. Later becomes vital strategic outpost and logistical staging area during WWII against the Japanese presence in the Aleutian Islands.

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This is where the surprise attack of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service took place in December of 1941. The attack brought many negative impacts to the US Pacific Fleet, and as a result, it served as the direct catalyst for the United States' entry into World War II. It immediately ended America's policy of isolationism.

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this is where the Allied invasion on D-Day took place, as the forces landed on five beaches in Normandy to begin the liberation of Nazi-occupied Europe. This assault on the beaches of northern France was the critical turning point on the Western Front of World War II, establishing a crucial second front against Nazi Germany and leading to the liberation of Western Europe.

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the area where one of the last and bloodiest battles of the Pacific Theater took place during the months of April through June. The intense fighting and casualties foreshadowed the horrors of an invasion on the Japanese mainland. It was a factor in the decision to use the atomic bomb. The island's capture provided the US with a major airbase close to Japan.

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The city that the United States dropped the first atomic bomb called Little Boy" on August 6, 1945. This event demonstrated the terrifying power of nuclear weapons and, along with continual bombing of Nagasaki and the Soviet entry into the war, led to Japan's unconditional surrender, ending World War II.

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one of the most dangerous flashpoints of the Cold War. this area at the start was divided into four sectors controlled by the US, GB, France, and Soviet Union. The Berlin Blockade, 1948–1949, accrued when the Soviet Union attempted to starve the Western Allies out of the city by blocking all rail, road, and canal access. Then in 1961, the Berlin Wall was created to stop the massive flow of East German refugees fleeing to the West, becoming a symbol of the Iron Curtain.

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primary proxy war battlefield in Southeast Asia. In 1954, vietnam was temporarily divided at the 17th parallel into communist North and non-communist South. Then taking place a year later in 55 lasting to 1975, the Vietnam War took place a long, brutal, unpopular war consuming the US foreign policy and millions of casualties were induced.

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only communist state to emerge in the Western Hemisphere, which leads to the most dangerous crisis of the Cold War. In 1959, the revolution took place and align them with the Soviet Union. Then the Bay of Pigs invasion, created by US, but ultimately pushes them closer to the Soviet Union. Then in 62', the Cuban Missile crisis took place when Soviets secretly deployed intermediate-range ballistic nuclear missiles (IRBMs) in Cuba.

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vita NATO member as well a location for containing Soviet expansion. Its geographic position allowed the U.S. to place military bases and, most importantly, nuclear-armed Jupiter missiles there, capable of striking the Soviet heartland.In 1947, the Containment and Truman Doctrine was created in response to the Union's effort to pressure Turkey for control of the Turkish Straits.

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The site of a brilliant and amphibious military operation that dramatically reversed the course of the Korean War (1950–1953). The Inchon Landing in 1950, prompted a surprise attack, cutting the North Korean supply and communication lines, allowing UN forces to break out of the Pusan Perimeter, recapture the South Korean capital of Seoul, and push the North Korean army into a full-scale retreat, effectively saving South Korea from communist occupation.

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World Trade Center, Manhattan, New York, NY

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World Trade Center, Manhattan, New York, NY

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World Trade Center, Manhattan, New York, NY

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These were the deadliest terrorist attacks on U.S. soil. They led to the war on terror the invasion of Afghanistan, and the creation of the Department of Homeland Security. It fundamentally changed global aviation security and U.S. foreign policy

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World Trade Center, Manhattan, New York, NY

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Montreal, QC, Canada (Montreal Protocol) 

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Montreal, QC, Canada (Montreal Protocol) 

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most successful environmental treaty aimed to phase out chlorofluorocarbons(CFC's) and other chemicals that were creating a hole in the Earth's ozone layer. ANd because of this, the ozone layer is set to fully recover by the mid-21st century

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first major international treaty set legally binding targets for developed countries in order to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions, setting the stage for future climate agreements like the Paris agreement.

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this is where a U.S Naval base was located and since 2002, has been used for a detention camp where "unlawful enemy combatants" captured from War on Terror are taken to. It's significance stemmed from the legal battlers over their rights as prisoners, the usage of "enhanced interrogation", and the area sits on leased land from Cuba.

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a Islamic fundamentalist group ruling Afghanistan from 5 years became a globally significant power for harboring al-Qaeda, which were the people responsible for 9/11. After being ousted by US forces, after a 20 year insurgency, their power was returned in August of 2021.