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A political scandal in the 1980s involving the covert sale of weapons to Iran by the U.S. government to fund Nicaraguan Contra rebels, leading to Congressional investigations and convictions.

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The 1955 murder of Emmett Till showed the brutality of racism and shocked the nation.

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An American battleship exploded in Cuba in 1898. The U.S. blamed Spain, which helped start the Spanish-American War.

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The Supreme Court case that said segregation was legal as long as it was equal

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The U.S. gained land from Mexico, which caused arguments about whether new states would allow slavery.

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the purchase of imperial rights to the western half of the Mississippi River basin from France by the United States in 1803

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Britain defeats France, the war debt leads to new taxes on colonies

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In 1960, students peacefully protested segregation at lunch counters.

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A labor protest in Chicago that turned violent after a bomb exploded hurting

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allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state while simultaneously admitting Maine as a free state

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A trade agreement signed in 1994 between the United States, Canada, and Mexico, aiming to eliminate barriers to trade and investment and promote economic cooperation in North America.

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A short war in 1898 between the U.S. and Spain. The U.S. won and gained control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

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The Supreme Court said enslaved people weren’t citizens, which made tensions over slavery worse.

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in 1492 columbus sailed west from spain and landed in the caribbean thinking he had reached asia. His voyage began european colonization

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Spanish forces captured the Aztec capital. The fall of Tenochtitlan marked the end of the Aztec empire and the start of the Spanish rule in Mexico.

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English settlers had founded a colony on the island. When supply ships had returned, the colony had disappeared, leaving the word croatoan.

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The war between New England and the native tribes ended in 1676. it was one of the deadliest conflicts in colonial America and weakened the natives.

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Nathanial Bacon had led settlers in a fight against Virginia's governor and the native attacks. The rebellion ended after Bacon died.

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Colonists dumped tea into the Boston Harbour to protest the tea act

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Delegates meet to organize colonial resistance against British policies

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Colonies formally declare separation from Britain

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Farmers in Massachusetts rebelled against high taxes and debt

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Delegates created the US Constitution to replace the Articles

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Washington warns against political parties and foreign alliances

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In 1814 British troops entered Washington DC and burned the White House in retaliation for the American attack on York Canada.

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The War of 1812 was fought between the young United States and Great Britain from whom it had won independence in 1783.

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Lincoln freed enslaved people in Confederate states, turning the war into a fight to end slavery.

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The Seneca Falls Convention 1848 was the first US meeting for womens rights calling for equality and voting rights

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The market revolution was when new inventions, factories, and faster transportation changed how americans made and sold goods in the 1800

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A violent strike at Andrew Carnegie's steel plant over wage cuts between workers and private guards

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Where General Lee surrendered to General Grant — it basically ended the Civil War.

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A violent uprising in China (1900) where Chinese nationalists tried to kick out foreign influence. It was stopped by foreign armies.

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Lincoln was killed right after the war ended, which made Reconstruction much harder.

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The period after the Civil War when the South was rebuilt and formerly enslaved people gained (and later lost) rights.

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A railroad workers strike against the Pullman Company that stopped trains and led the government to send troops

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In 1963, people marched for civil rights where MLK gave his “I Have a Dream” speech.

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A book by Upton Sinclair that exposed dirty and unsafe conditions in meatpacking factories leading to food safety laws

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A British passenger ship sunk by a German submarine in 1915. Many civilians died, including Americans, pushing the U.S. closer to joining WWI.

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Centered on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice related to his extramarital affair

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A huge war from 1914–1918 involving most of Europe. The U.S. joined in 1917 and helped the Allies win.

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A time in the 1920s when the U.S. had economic growth, new music (jazz), new technology, and cultural change.

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A long economic crisis starting in 1929, when millions of Americans lost jobs, banks failed, and poverty spread.

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President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s programs to help end the Great Depression by creating jobs and giving financial support.

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A major global war from 1939–1945. The U.S. joined after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor and helped the Allies defeat Germany and Japan.

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President John F. Kennedy was killed in 1963, shocking the country.

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Martin Luther King Jr. was killed in 1968, causing nationwide sadness and anger.

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The 2000 U.S. presidential election, marked by a controversial recount in Florida, legal battles culminating in the Supreme Court's decision to stop the recount, and Bush's ultimate victory despite losing the popular vote

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This law banned housing discrimination.

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The U.S. ended its involvement in Vietnam in 1973 after years of fighting.

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A political scandal that led to President Nixon’s resignation in 1974.

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A global military and political campaign initiated by the United States in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, aimed at combating terrorism and its sponsors around the world.

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A U.S. law passed in response to the 9/11 attacks, granting expanded surveillance and law enforcement powers to the government in the name of national security and counterterrorism efforts.