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1770 – Captain James Cook Claims Australia for Britain

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1770 – Captain James Cook Claims Australia for Britain

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Captain James Cook lands on the east coast of Australia and claims it for Britain, naming it New South Wales. This marks the beginning of British exploration in the region.

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1770 – Captain James Cook Claims Australia for Britain.

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The First Fleet, carrying convicts and settlers, arrives in Botany Bay, establishing the first British colony at Port Jackson (modern-day Sydney). This marks the start of European settlement in Australia.

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1868 – End of Convict Transportation to Australia

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1868 – End of Convict Transportation to Australia

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Transportation of convicts to Western Australia ceased in 1868 as a result of a reassessment of British home policy. The last convict ship to Australia, the Hougoumont, arrived in the Swan River Colony on 10 January 1868 with 229 convicts aboard.

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The discovery of gold in New South Wales and Victoria sparks a massive influx of immigrants seeking fortune, drastically increasing Australia’s population and economic development.

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The six separate British colonies of Australia unite to form the Commonwealth of Australia, creating a federal government and gaining more autonomy from Britain.

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Australians vote overwhelmingly in a referendum to amend the Constitution, granting the federal government power to make laws for Indigenous Australians and include them in the national census.

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1973 – End of the White Australia Policy

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1973 – End of the White Australia Policy

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The last vestiges of the White Australia Policy, which restricted non-European immigration, are dismantled, marking a shift towards multiculturalism and the beginning of more inclusive immigration policies.

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The Australia Act is passed, severing the final constitutional links between Australia and the United Kingdom, making Australia fully independent in legislative and judicial matters.

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1999- Australia held a referendum on the monarchy.

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1999- Australia held a referendum on the monarchy.

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Australians just weren't ready to give the Royal Family the heave-ho in 1999.

The referendum was decided with a majority of Australians , 55 per cent, voting No to the question of abolishing the monarchy.

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2008 – National Apology to Indigenous Australians

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2008 – National Apology to Indigenous Australians

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On 13 February 2008 Prime Minister Kevin Rudd made a formal apology to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, particularly to the Stolen Generations whose lives had been blighted by past government policies of forced child removal and assimilation.