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Rocks along a fault move & relaxes energy.

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1) Make sure to know your vocab
2) Explain the relationship between an earthquake focus and epicenter
A: The closer you are to the epicenter, the stronger the effects.
3) Explain the relationship between plate boundaries and earthquake locations.
A: Most of the earthquakes occur in the plate boundaries by the Pacific Ocean
4) Explain the forces that occur along the plate boundaries
A: Divergent - Two or more plates pulled apart, are normal faults
Convergent - Two or more plates are colliding, earthquakes are strong on these boundaries.
Transform - Two or more plates slide past each other horizontally, these type of boundaries are called strike-slip faults.
5) What is the relationship between an earthquake and a tsunami?
A: A tsunami happens by earthquakes that are in the ocean floor.

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Dangers To People and Structure: The seismic waves are released from the epicenter of the earthquake with the strongest being at the epicenter and the waves are weaker the further from the epicenter. Structures will move and may not be able to withstand the movement and collapse. Most injuries occur from these collapses. Other factors are fires, gas leaks, floods and polluted water.
Tsunamis: A tsunami occurs when there is an earthquake under the ocean. This causes a lot of water to get displace creating extremely long waves that can travel across the ocean at speeds of 800 km/h. The waves travel outward like the seismic waves from a land earthquake. Waves increase as they reach the shore and can be as high as 30 m. They can smash and destroy anything in their path and many lives are lost from drowning.

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At these boundaries, plates slide past each other horizontally. Stress at these boundaries is cause by pushing different parts of the body in opposite directions (Sheer stress) As the rocks move on both sides of the fault they get broken as they grind past one another. Strike-slip faults are common at these boundaries. They are shallow like divergent.

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Two plates collide causing rock to be squeezed. This stress is called compression. These faults are called reverse faults. Rocks are thrust over one another. Two things can happen at reverse faults. First the plates may crumble up to form mountains. Second one plate can subduct or sink underneath the other into the mantle. Earthquakes on or near these faults are deep and tend to be very strong.

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The plates move away from each other. Stress from the stretching makes the rock thinner. This tension creates faults. Because the crust is thin near these boundaries, earthquakes tend to be shallow. A mid-ocean ridge is an example of divergent boundary where earthquakes occur.

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Most earthquakes happen at or near tectonic plate boundaries. on a map, they are concentrated along the edges of the Pacific Ocean where many volcanoes are also located. Earth's crust experiences a lot of stress because the plates are colliding, separating or grinding past each other. The movement &  interactions of the plates causes the crust to break into different types of faults.

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When there is movement of fault, rocks along the underground fault suddenly move and release energy, the movement causes vibrations (seismic waves) to race rapidly outward in all directions from the focus. The point at ground level directly above the focus is called the epicenter.

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When a break line (the fault) between two blocks of rock suddenly moves, the movement causes vibrations (Seismic waves) to race rapidly outward in all directions from the focus. The point at ground level directly above the focus is called the epicenter.

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I will describe the causes of Earthquakes and describe how Earthquakes happen.

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Unit 4: Lesson 5