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Violently politically confrontations between bordering free states and pro-slavery states.

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The Attack against Senator Charles Sumner who was an abolitionist as he was giving an address he was beaten to near death.

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Born in 1811 was an American abolitionist and author in 1852 she published he anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin.

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A anti-slavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe published in 1852.

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A proposal by Missouri giving the state the decision if slavery would be permitted in that state.

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A law proposed by congressman David Wilmot the law would ban slavery in any territory of Mexico in the Mexican War.

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People during the California Gold Rush who left their homes in search of gold around 300,000 people migrated to California.

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It was a mission in San Antonio, Texas in 1836 the Alamo was the site of a 13 day siege for Texas independence  fought between a 4,000 Mexican force and a 180 American force the battle resulted in a Mexican victory.

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Born in 1786 was an American frontiersman and politician who served as a United States Representative from Tennessee he also fought during the Texas Revolution at the Battle of the Alamo where he died.

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Born in 1809 was lieutenant colonel of the Republic of Texas Army who fought during the Texas Revolution at the Battle of the Alamo where he died.

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Born in 1796 was an American pioneer who fought in the Texas Revolution and died at the Battle of the Alamo in 1836.

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Born in 1793 was the first president of Texas and later governor and senator of Texas he gained Texas independence from Mexico.

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Born in 1794 was the President of Mexico and general during the Mexican-American War from 1846-1848.

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Born in 1793 was an American empresario in 1825 he founded the region of Texas by moving to that region.

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The 1845 incorporation of the Republic of Texas into the United States after the Republic of Texas declared independence from the Republic of Mexico in 1836.

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Born in 1815 was an American suffragist, social activist and abolitionist was a leader of women's rights organizing the first women's rights convention at Seneca Falls, New York in 1848.

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Born in 1822 was an African American abolitionist over a ten year period she freed over 300 slaves through underground passages throughout the South called the Underground Railroad.

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Born in 1818 was an African American social reformer and abolitionist born into slavery but escaped for freedom became a national leader of the abolitionist movement.

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Born in 1796 was an African American abolitionist and writer in 1827 Walker published  the Freedom's Journal a Anti-Slavery paper.

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Born in 1797 was an African American abolitionist and women's rights activist Truth was born into slavery but escaped in 1826 and devoted her life to standing up for African American and women's rights.

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Founded in 1816 to encourage freed African Americans to emigrate to Africa.

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Born in 1803 was an American poet who led the transcendentalist movement in the late 1820s.

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Born in 1817 was an American poet, abolitionist and philosopher he led the transcendentalist movement in the late 1820s.

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Born in 1802 was an American activist on behalf of indigent insane she led many reforms to gain the rights of the indigent insane and created the first mental institutions.

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Born in 1796 was an American educational reformer and Whig politician who promoted public education he was the leader of the common school movement.

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Located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania it was the second federally authorized national bank in the United States it lasted from 1816-1836.

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A United States presidential election between Democrat Andrew Jackson and Republican John Quincy Adams Andrew Jackson won the election making this the first election where powers were transferred between parties.

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A United States presidential election between Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams a corrupt bargain was made by candidate Henry Clay who gave the election to John Quincy Adams.

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A political party in the United States during the administration of John Quincy Adams from 1825-1829.

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Supporters of Andrew Jackson who led a movement toward greater democracy for the common man.

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Served as the seventh President of the United States from 1829-1837 he founded the Democratic party Jackson won the election of 1828 which was the first election where powers were transferred between different parties

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Born in 1782 served as Vice President of the United States under John Quincy Adams from 1825-1832 and served as a United States Senator from South Carolina from 1845-1850.

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Born in 1777 was a United Sates Senator from Kentucky was part of a corrupt bargain in the United States presidential election of 1824 where he gave John Quincy Adams the victory.

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Born in 1800 was an enslaved African American who led a rebellion of slaves and free African Americans in Southampton County, Virginia in 1831. he was sentenced to death by hanging for his actions

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Born in 1767 in Charleston, South Carolina led a potential slave revolt in Charleston in 1822.

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Indigenous people of the plateau who live in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

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A member of a political party seeking to represent the interests of ordinary people.

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Regulated the prices that railroads charged to move freight between states

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A contract between a worker and an employer in which the worker agrees not to remain in or join a union.

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Born in 1850 was an American labor union leader and founder of the American Federation of Labor.

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Born in 1839 was an American oil industry leader and one of the richest people of all time he founded Standard Oil Co. which was one of the worlds largest corporations.

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Born in 1847 was a great American inventor with inventions such as the incandescent light bulb ,the phonograph and the motion picture

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A nationwide railroad strike in 1894 after the Pullman Company cut wages and jobs of workers.

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A national union in the United States founded in Ohio in 1886 form the Knights of Labor

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Industrialists who benefited society.

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Business leaders who controlled their industry.

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A white supremacy and terrorist organization who are anti-African American anti-Catholic anti-Semitic.

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Laws that took away the rights of freedmen.

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18th President of the United States at the end of the Reconstruction era developed the Compromise of 1877.

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The effects of Reconstruction were negative because the goal was for the Union to bring the Confederacy back into the country and they did not.

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Pardoned Southerners who swore allegiance to the Union.

Permitted each state to hold a constitutional convention without 10% allegiance required

States were required to void secession, abolish slavery and ratify the thirteenth amendment.

States could then hold elections and resume full participation in the Union.

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Offered pardons to any Confederate who would take an oath of allegiance to the Union

Denied Pardons to all Confederate military and government officials and Southerners who killed African American war prisoners

Permitted each state to hold a constitutional convention only after 10% of voters in the state had sworn allegiance to the Union

States could only then hold elections and resume full participation in the Union.

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Located in Appomattox, Virginia it served as the location of the last battle of the American Civil War the Confederate Army surrendered at the courthouse.

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The 18th President of the United States and a United States general during the American Civil War he was president during the reconstruction era.

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A battle of the American Civil War in 1863 it was the turning point of the war as the Union forced the Confederacy to siege.

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A naval battle of the American Civil War in 1862 between the Union and Confederacy the battle resulted in a Union victory.

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An American general served as the general of the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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Richmond, Virginia , Montgomery, Alabama and Danville, Virginia each served as the capital of the Confederate States of America.

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An American general who served as general of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War.

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A person who has been granted a patent for an invention.

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An American politician who served as the President of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.

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The 16th President of the United Sates passed the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 abolishing slavery in 1865 he was assassinated at Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth.

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A United States presidential election between Abraham Lincoln, John C. Breckinridge and Stephen A.Douglas Abraham Lincoln was the winner.

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Formed in 1834 it united groups who opposed what they thought was a tyranny of Andrew Jackson.

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An American politician from Illinois he designed the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

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The second constitution drafted for Kansas Territory it was written by proslavery supporters.

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Roger Taney was a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court he delivered the majority decision of Dred Scott V.Stanford.

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Abolitionist John Brown led a revolt along with a group of freedmen they raided an arsenal at Harpers Ferry.

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A claim made by Frederick Jackson Turner stating the frontier formed the American character.

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The killing of 200 unarmed Sioux members.

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African American settlers planning a mass exodus.

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Signed by President Lincoln offered 160 acres of public land to anyone who met the requirements.

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Created to provide support for state colleges.

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A philosophy that believes that the government should not interfere with business.

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A law outlawing any combination of companies that restrained interstate trade or commerce.

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A cycle of economic expansion.

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A federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.

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4,000 prospectors swarmed over property destroying the colony and bankrupting Sutter in search of gold.

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A treaty signed in 1848 it had four points to it Mexico gave up its claim to Texas and recognized the Rio Grande as the southern border of Texas. Mexico gave up New Mexico and California which made up more than two fifths the territory to the United States. The United States paid Mexico 15 million dollars. The United States agreed to pay claims made by American citizens against Mexico which would amount to more than 3 million.

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After being outraged over losing American blood on American soil the president declared the Mexican War.

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Reduction of the general level of prices in an economy.

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The first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel.

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As production increases the cost of each item produced is often lowered.

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Gaining control of the many different businesses that make up all phases of a products development.

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A method involving bringing together many firms that were in the same business.

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A loose association of businesses that make the same product.

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Complete control of a product or service.

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Production in great amounts.

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The amount of goods and services created in a given period of time.

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Licenses to make use or sell an invention.

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A new political party made up of Democrats they reversed many reforms of the Reconstruction legislature.

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Democrats gave Hayes the victory in the presidential election in return Hayes agreed to remove the remaining troops out of the southern states the southern railroads were given huge subsidies this was the end of the reconstruction era.

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Sharecroppers farm some portion of a planters land as payment the sharecroppers were promised a share of the crop at harvest time.

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Farmers who rented the land where they planted their crops.

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The public property and services a society uses.

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Citizens personally liberties guaranteed by law such as voting rights and equally treatment.

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Laws that restricted freedmen's rights.

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To charge a president with wrongdoing while in office.

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All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction therefore, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.

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The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied  or abridged by the United States or any state.