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Making student learning visible to teachers
Making teaching visible to the students become their own teachers

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How we as teachers know and understand then doing something about students learning.

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This is a useful method for comparing results on different:
- scales
- measures
- over time
- between groups

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Students make decision to stay in school between ages 11 and 15.

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Students make decision to stay in school between ages 11 and 15.

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Schools and learning experiences needs to be productive, challenging, and engaging to help these at risk students to stay in school.

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Critical evaluation is what is asked of teachers and school leaders.  They are asked to developed:
- students' capacity to see the worlk from viewpoints of others
- understand human weaknesses and injustices
- to work towards developing cooperation and working with others
- have students develop a genuine concern for self and others
- teacher the importance of evidence to counter stereoypes and closed thinking
- promote sccountability of the person as resposible agent
- vigorously promote critical thinking and the importance of dissenting voices.

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Meta-analysis involves:
- identifying a specific outcome and then identifying an influence on that outcome.
- systematically searching various database like:
-mainstream journals and books
- dissertations
- grey literature
-contacting authors for copies of their work
- checking references in teh articles found
- reading widely to find other sources

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Each study was calculated by 2 major effect size

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Each study was calculated by 2 major effect size

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*Comparisons between groups
*Comparisons over time

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'Barometer of Influence' and Hinge-Point

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'Barometer of Influence' and Hinge-Point

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*'Barometer of Influences'
- to summarize the oodles of data
- the arrow points to the average effect of various meta-analysis on particular topic
*Overall hinge-point of 0.40 is suggested as a starting point for discussion.  The 0.40 is important because it is close to the average effect that we can expect from a year's schooling.  There are many hinge-points that should be considered
- variability
- moderators
- quality of the study
- costs of implementation

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Visible teaching and learning occurs when
-learning is the explicit and transparent goal.
- it is approprately challenging
- the teacher and the student both (in various ways) seek to ascertain whether and to what degree the challenging goal to attained
-there is deliberate practice aimed at attaining mastery of the goal
- there is feedback given and sought
- there are active, passionate, and engaging people participating in the act of learning

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*Expert teachers can identify in the most important ways in which to represent the subject they teach.
- teachers see the surface and the deeper understanding of the subject they teach
- their beliefs about how to teach
- understand when students are learning and have learned the subject
- teachers can make a lesson unique by changing, combining, and adding to lesson according to students needs and their own teaching goals
-  These teachers maintain a passionate belief that students can learn the content and understanding
* Expert teachers are proficient at creating an optimal classroom climate for learning
- an atmosphere of trust
*Expert teacher monitor learning and provide feedback
- They can problem-solve and be flexibly
* Expert teachers believe that all students can read the success criteria
- Requires teachers to have high respect for their students
- Demonstrates care and commitment for the students
* Expert teachers influence surface and deep student outcomes
- Teachers have a positive influence on studnet outcomes
* The inspired teacher see the bettwer way to teach their students