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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), also known as the coronavirus, or COVID, is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease has since spread worldwide, leading to an ongoing pandemic.

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Symptoms of COVID-19 are variable, ranging from mild symptoms to severe illness.Three common clusters of symptoms have been identified: one respiratory symptom cluster with cough, , shortness of breath, and fever; a musculoskeletal symptom cluster with muscle and joint pain, headache, and fatigue and a cluster of digestive symptoms with abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. In people without prior ear, nose, and throat disorders, loss of taste combined with loss of smell is associated with COVID-19.

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The virus is transmitted mainly via the respiratory route, when people inhale droplets and particles that infected people release as they breathe, talk, cough, sneeze or sing. The closer people interact, and the longer they interact, the more likely they are to transmit COVID-19, but infection can occur over longer distances, particularly indoors. People are at their peak of infectiousness when their symptoms start, and are infectious for up to 3 days prior to this. Their infectiousness declines after the first week, but they remain contagious for up to 20 days, and can spread the virus even if they never developed any symptoms.

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Preventive Measures include :
physical or social distancing, quarantining, ventilation of indoor spaces, covering coughs and sneezes, hand washing, and keeping unwashed hands away from the face. The use of face masks or coverings has been recommended in public settings to minimize the risk of transmissions. Several vaccines have been developed and many countries have initiated mass vaccination campaigns.