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Read the text “Environmental and public health issues” by Thomas Rhodarmer:

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Read the text “Environmental and public health issues” by Thomas Rhodarmer:

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Discussion Question:

•How does rubber industry impact people’s health and the environment?

•What are suggestions to the problem so as to ensure the economic profits, as well as protecting the ecosystem and public health?

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*Q1:
1. Air pollution:
+ emission control equipment
+ Without emission control equipment the VOCs can cause health concerns    in the factory and in the community-> affect the ozone layer
+ cause exhaust fumes that affect air quality

2. Ground and water pollution:
+ VOCs were stored in underground storage tanks, which in some cases resulted in leaks or spills.
+ Leaks and/or spills around underground storage tanks generally result in soil and groundwater contamination, which triggers expensive soil and groundwater remediation.
3. Waste Rubber:
+All cured process and finished goods scrap become waste material. Disposal of scrap or waste rubber products has become a worldwide problem. Every household and business in the world uses some type of
+ Tyres and tubular products cannot be buried in a landfill because the void areas trap air, which causes the products

*Q2: Recommendation
- Exhaust gas treatment system to classify wastes and choose reasonable waste treatment
- Invest in the facilities, tools and to ensure the production and

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Question 1:
- Without emission control equipment the VOCs can cause health concerns in the factory and in the community

-  If the VOCs are photochemically reactive, they will affect the ozone layer

- Leaks and/or spills of VOCs around underground storage tanks generally result in soil and groundwater contamination, which triggers expensive soil and groundwater remediation.

- Tyres and tubular products cannot be buried in a landfill because the void areas trap air, which causes the products to rise to the surface over time

- Smoldering tyre fires can generate large amounts of irritating smoke that can contain a wide variety of toxic chemicals and particulates.

- Rubber products such as tyres, hose and other tubular products create an environmental problem as related to disposal after their useful life.

Question 2:
- good engineering control for producing and compounding powdered
-  Processes that use VOCs must have some type of emission-control equipment
- The best storage of VOCs is above-ground tanks with good secondary containment for spill prevention.
- Enhance mechanical properties
- Improve braking efficiency and fuel consumption

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Nhóm 1: Kim Anh, Quỳnh Anh, Minh Liên, Hà Trang, Hiền Trang

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Nhóm 1: Kim Anh, Quỳnh Anh, Minh Liên, Hà Trang, Hiền Trang

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Q1:
*Impact people’s health:
- When workers handling and weighing the rubber chemicals need personal protection equipments to advoid hazardous waste.
- In the production process, some rubber products can create volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that lead to health concerns in the factory and in the community.
-VOCs were stored in underground storage tanks, which in some cases resulted in leaks or spills => water pollution => expensive soil and groundwater remediation
-Waste Rubber is difficult and expensive to destroy. Smoldering tire fires can generate large amounts of irritating smoke that can contain a wide variety of toxic chemicals and particulates.
-The process of incineration of Scrap Rubber leads to much zinc being discharged into a sewage system will create problems at the treatment plant.
* Impact on environment:
-High concentration of VOCs: If the VOCs are  photochemically reactive, they will affect the ozone layer. Leakage of VOCs can cause soil and groundwater contamination.
-Some type of rubber products can become waste materials.
Q2:
Ventilation systems and dust collectors, Waste treatment parts of rubber processing plants before being discharged into the environment should be checked regularly and dealt with immediately when there is a problem,
-Good engineering control for creating and compounding powdered chemicals used in rubber compounds, as well as recycling programs for all uncured and cured rubber process debris and products, would be beneficial.

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Q1:
- Rubber compounds contain many chemical components such as fillers, plasticizers, antioxidants,...some may be listed as carcinogens.
- Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are photochemically reactive, they will affect the ozone layer.
- Curing fumes can carry unreacted chemicals, plasticizers, mould lubes and other materials out into the atmosphere.
- VOCs were stored in underground storage tanks, which in some cases resulted in leaks or spills. Leaks and/or around underground storage tanks generally result in soil and groundwater contamination, which triggers expensive soil and groundwater remediation.
- Rubber products such as tires, hoses and other tubular products cannot be buried in landfills because empty areas hold the air, which makes the product emerge over time.
Q2:
- Good engineering control for producing and compounding powdered chemicals used in rubber compounds --- recycling programmes for all uncured and cured rubber process scrap and products.
- The powdered chemicals collected in dust-collector systems could be added back to rubber compounds with the appropriate engineering controls, which would eliminate the landfilling of these chemicals.

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Q1: -         Hazardous waste must be listed on a manifest and sent for disposal at a hazardous wastesite. Non-hazardous waste can go to local sanitary landfills or may have to go to an industrial landfill, depending on applicable environmental regulations.

-         A thermal oxidizer is an incineration system that destroys the VOCs by combustion and usually requires a fuel supplement such as natural gas.

-         Without emission control equipment the VOCs can cause health concerns in the factory and in the community.

-         Curing fumes can carry unreacted chemicals, plasticizers, mould lubes and other materials out into the atmosphere.

-         Leaks and/or spills around underground storage tanks generally result in soil and groundwater contamination, which triggers expensive soil and groundwater remediation.

-         Tyres and tubular products cannot be buried in a landfill because the void areas trap air, which causes the products to rise to the surface over time.

-         Smoldering tyre fires can generate large amounts of irritating smoke that can contain a wide variety of toxic chemicals and particulates.

-         Chlorine emissions generally would come from burning products and scrap that contain chloroprene polymers. The scrubbers generate an acidic discharge that may have to be neutralized prior to discharge.
Q2: Manufacturing rubber products would be good engineering control for producing and compounding powdered chemicals used in rubber compounds, and recycling programmes for all uncured and cured rubber process scrap and products. The powdered chemicals collected in dust-collector systems could be added back to rubber compounds with the appropriate engineering controls, which would eliminate the landfilling of these chemicals.