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 Represent a vector as two perpendicular components

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 Represent a vector as two perpendicular components

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 Add and subtract coplanar vectors

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 Add and subtract coplanar vectors

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Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities andgive examples of each

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Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities andgive examples of each

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Vector:   Quantity with both magnitude and direction

Scalar: Quantity with only magnitude

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Make reasonable
estimates of physical quantities included within the syllabus

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Make reasonable
estimates of physical quantities included within the syllabus

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an estimate does not have to be exactly correct and often just expresses an order of magnitude.

e.g. The mass of universe is ~10 ⁵⁰ kilograms

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SI base units
to check the homogeneity of physical equations

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SI base units
to check the homogeneity of physical equations

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Each side of an equation must have the same base units

F  =  m  x a

[N] =  [kg]  [ms⁻²]

[mkgs⁻²]  =  [kg]  [ms⁻²]

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Quantity | Definition | Formula | BaseUnits | Dimensions
Length or Distance | fundamental | d | m (meter) | L (Length)
Time | fundamental | t | s (second) | T (Time)
Mass | fundamental | m | kg (kilogram) | M (Mass)
Area | distance² | A = d² | m² | L²
Volume | distance³ | V = d³ | m³ | L³
Density | mass / volume | d = m/V | kg/m³ | M/L³

Velocity

distance / time

v = d/t

m/s
c (speed of light)

L/T

Acceleration | velocity / time | a = v/t | m/s² | L/T²
Momentum | mass × velocity | p = m·v | kg·m/s | ML/T

Force
Weight

mass × acceleration
mass × acceleration of gravity

F = m·a
W = m·g

N (newton) = kg·m/s²

ML/T²

Pressure or Stress | force / area | p = F/A | Pa (pascal) = N/m² = kg/(m·s²) | M/LT²

Energy or Work
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy

force × distance
mass × velocity² / 2
mass × acceleration of gravity × height

E = F·d
KE = m·v²/2
PE = m·g·h

J (joule) = N·m = kg·m²/s²

ML²/T²

Power | energy / time | P = E/t | W (watt) = J/s = kg·m²/s³ | ML²/T³
Impulse | force × time | I = F·t | N·s = kg·m/s | ML/T

Action

energy × time
momentum × distance

S = E·t
S = p·d

J·s = kg·m²/s
h (quantum of action)

ML²/T

Angle

fundamental

θ

° (degree), rad (radian), rev
360° = 2π rad = 1 rev

dimensionless

Cycles | fundamental | n | cyc (cycles) | dimensionless
Frequency | cycles / time | f = n/t | Hz (hertz) = cyc/s = 1/s | 1/T
Angular Velocity | angle / time | ω = θ/t | rad/s = 1/s | 1/T
Angular Acceleration | angular velocity / time | α = ω/t | rad/s² = 1/s² | 1/T²
Moment of Inertia | mass × radius² | I = m·r² | kg·m² | ML²

Angular Momentum

radius × momentum
moment of inertia × angular velocity

L = r·p
L = I·ω

J·s = kg·m²/s
ћ (quantum of angular momentum)

ML²/T

Torque or Moment

radius × force
moment of inertia × angular acceleration

τ = r·F
τ = I·α

N·m = kg·m²/s²

ML²/T²

Temperature | fundamental | T | °C (celsius), K (kelvin) | K (Temp.)
Heat | heat energy | Q | J (joule) = kg·m²/s² | ML²/T²
Entropy | heat / temperature | S = Q/T | J/K | ML²/T²K

Electric Charge +/-

fundamental

q

C (coulomb)
e (elementary charge)

Q (Charge)

Current | charge / time | i = q/t | A (amp) = C/s | Q/T
Voltage or Potential | energy / charge | V = E/q | V (volt) = J/C | ML²/QT²
Resistance | voltage / current | R = V/i | Ω (ohm) = V/A | ML²/Q²T
Capacitance | charge / voltage | C = q/V | F (farad) = C/V | Q²T²/ML²
Inductance | voltage / (current / time) | L = V/(i/t) | H (henry) = V·s/A | ML²/Q²

Electric Field

voltage / distance
force / charge

E = V/d
E = F/q

V/m = N/C

ML/QT²

Electric Flux | electric field × area | ΦE = E·A | V·m = N·m²/C | ML³/QT²
Magnetic Field | force / (charge × velocity) | B = F/(q·v) | T (tesla) = Wb/m² = N·s/(C·m) | M/QT
Magnetic Flux | magnetic field × area | ΦM = B·A | Wb (weber) = V·s = J·s/C | ML²/QT

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QUANTITY -are measurable e.g. mass length, time temperature , current magnetic field strength, force, volume etc.

EQUATION - relates quantities e.g F = ma  shows that force is equal to mass X acceleration.

UNITS - show the size of a quantity compared with a standard measurement of that quantity. e.g one newton is the standard force that causes a mass of one kilogram to accelerate by one meter per second