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The German chemist who first developed polyvinyl chloride.

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Polyvinyl chloride was first developed by a German chemist named August Wilhelm Von Hofmann in 1872.  But was only patented later in 1912, when another German chemist named Friedrich Heinrich August Klatte used the sunlight to start the polymerization process. In 1926, scientists were trying to use the polymerization of PVC to create a way to bond rubber and metal by using a process called dehydrohalogenation.

In the past polyvinyl chloride has been used in many different ways such as electric wire insulation, a verity of coated cloth products, and shock absorber seals.  In 1930 polyvinyl chloride was used to create long wear phonograph records.

Extra Information-
http://www.britannica.com/science/polyvinyl-chloride

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Polyvinyl chloride is made from ethylene and other chemical additives.  The elements in PVC, however, consist mostly of carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine.

PVC is considered a synthetic material because it is made from different chemicals and no natural or living things.  PVC is made by combining ethylene with other additives and chemicals which is then put through polymerization in which the single bond form a long chain of chemicals that form PVC.

Specific uses of PVC are mainly pipes, bottles, flooring, tubes, and rigid films.

Extra Information-
http://www.pvc.org/en/p/how-is-pvc-used

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Annual Growth Percentages for Bioplastics 

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Annual Growth Percentages for Bioplastics 

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Pros- PVC has a low price, is long lasting, and durable.  It is also non-toxic/Eco friendly, fire resistant, and no cases of angiosarcoma have been recorded since health precautions were made in the 70's.
Cons- In the 70's, VCM, an element in PVC, was linked to a rare type of liver disease called angiosarcoma.  Also dioxin in the PVC can cause internal health problems when the chlorine in PVC is burned; this is harmful to those who work to dispose of it.
Why PVC is Better Than Natural Plastics- Biodegradable plastics cost more because the methods have not been perfected yet and would also cause manufacturers to change methods of disposal in order to dispose of the plastic properly.
Extra Information-
http://www.britannica.com/science/plastic

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PVC's natural resource is VCl which is vinyl chloride; it is a natural gas also referred to as ethylene.  Ethylene is used to make vinyl chloride, a main requirement to form polyvinyl chloride.  Polyvinyl chloride is made by the polymerization of vinyl chloride.  The vinyl chloride undergoes additions of extremely reactive compounds called free-radical initiators.  During this process the monomer molecules link together the single bonds to create the chain of chemicals that form polyvinyl chloride.  Because of PVC's properties it is very common in production for high use rates.  Some of the biggest producers of PVC are India, China, and Asia.
Extra Information-
http://www.britannica.com/science/vinyl-chloride

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Pipe is the most common use of polyvinyl chloride because of how long it can last and because of its resistance to oxidation which prevents rusting and creates durability within the material.

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Different Structures of Polyvinyl Chloride

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Different Structures of Polyvinyl Chloride

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PVC has 3 different common structures: syndiotactic, atactic, and isotactic.  Here is the chemical formula for PVC: CH2=CHCl

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Heat Retardant
Resistant to oxidation
Flexible
Melting temperature- 240 degrees Celsius
Amorphous Density- 25 degrees Celsius at 1.385 g/cm^3
Extra Information-
http://www.pvc.org/en/p/pvcs-physical-properties
http://www.polymerprocessing.com/polymers/PVC.html