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There is little agreement on the exact date of the start of the Troubles. Different writers have suggested different dates.

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Sometimes called the "Bogside Massacre". This massacre was an accident that happend on 30 january 1972, in the Bogside area of Derry, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland.

British Soldiers shot 26 innocent and unarmed civilians during a peaceful protest march against internment. Fourteen people died: thirteen were killed outright, while the death of another man four months later was attributed to his injuries.

Many of the victims were shot while fleeing from the soldiers and some were shot while trying to help the wounded.
The march had been organised by the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association and the Northern Resistance Movement.

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The Irish Republican Army, often referred to as IRA, was uninterested in any solution short of British withdrawal and Irish unification. For them, the "long war" was the only option.

1970 through 1972 saw an explosion of political violence in Northern Ireland, peaking in 1972, when nearly 500 people, just over half of them civilians, lost their lives

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In 1969, The British Government first sends troops to Northern Ireland in what it describes as a “limited operation” to restore law and order after three days of violence in the predominantly Catholic Bogside area of Londonderry.

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The history of the Northern Ireland conflict can be tracked back to the 17th century. Much land, especially in the north, was subsequently colonized by Scottish and English Protestants. During the 1800s the north and south grew further apart due to economic differences.

In the mid-1960s, a non-violent civil rights campaign began in the Northern Ireland. The main goals was to end job and housing allocation discrimination, as well as equal rights. In 1968, the Northern Ireland parliament had been dominated by unionists for over fifty years. Its attempts to solve social and political ills, were too slow for nationalists and republicans and too quick for many unionists. This gave rise to growing tension and violence between the two communities.

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In the 1970s, areas that once were buzzing became deserted in the dark hours; people thought they were too dangerous. In Belfast for instance, the permanent steel gates around the city centre were closed not long after 6pm and very few pubs and cinemas stayed open.
Throughout the Troubles, people went on getting married and being born. The number of marriages was largely unchanged through the worst of the violence, but there was a sharp decline in the number of mixed marriages between Catholics and Protestants.
In short, people who couldn't get out, or didn't want to, tried to live just the same as anyone else. Many others, of course, did get out, either over the border to the Republic of Ireland or other parts of the UK.

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The Troubles is the name of the conflict in Northern Ireland. It is a conflict between the Unionits/loyalists, who are mostly Protestants and condiser themselves British, generally want Northern Ireland to remain within the United Kingdom. And the Irish nationalists/republicans, who are mostly Catholics and consider themselves Irish, generally want Northen Irland to leave the United Kingdom and join a United Ireland.