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Spoils System: victorious politicians rewarding their supporters with government jobs.

Began as phrase used to describe Jackson’s method of appointing federal workers.

Political supporters of candidates expected to be rewarded with jobs if their candidate won.

Spoils system flourished as federal government grew larger.

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All civil service workers have job security.

May be fired, but only for specific reasons and only after a very long, complex series of hearings.

Most executive branch employees of the federal government can join unions but may not be forced to do so.

Federal employees who report corruption or wrongdoing by the government are known as whistleblowers, because they call attention to misconduct.

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Public Policy: a plan of action adopted by government decision makers to solve a problem or reach a goal.

Bureaucrat: one who works for a department or agency of the federal government; a civil servant.

Liaison Officers: relationships with the elected officials and congressional staff members who have authority over the work of his or her department.

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Executive agencies and staff cannot and do not make rules and regulations in a vacuum, but instead they seek input from private citizens and others who will be affected by potential rules and regulations.

Stakeholder: a private citizen or other who will be affected by potential rules and regulations.

Official lobbying groups also attempt to influence the ways rules and regulations are written.

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Factors Contributing to Growth in the Bureaucracy

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Factors Contributing to Growth in the Bureaucracy

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Population Growth

Industrial and Technological Advances

Growing Global Economy

Threats to National Security

Economic Crises