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Manaleng T, u16166273
Parakh S, u16131267
Ismail MM, u16132972
Abbas MB, u17148724
Dawood B, u16143559

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2. Take a photo or a video clip of it (not just an image/video from somewhere else) and upload it (or the YouTube URL) to your group padlet

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2. Take a photo or a video clip of it (not just an image/video from somewhere else) and upload it (or the YouTube URL) to your group padlet

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A member of our group getting vaccinated.

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Vaccines.

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3c. What level of prevention would you consider it to be? Why/not?

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3c. What level of prevention would you consider it to be? Why/not?

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It is primary prevention on an individual level as it promotes specific protection.The aim of a vaccine is to ensure immunization against a specific disease. It also provides protection from occupational hazards and accidents. University of Pretoria encourages all first year students to receive a vaccine against Hepatitis B as it can be easily contracted by them during the course of studies.

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3d. What is the amount of evidence for causation between your selected intervention and the health concern it is trying to address/solve?

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3d. What is the amount of evidence for causation between your selected intervention and the health concern it is trying to address/solve?

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In the mid 1900's, smallpox caused millions of deaths. Dr Edward Jenner discovered the smallpox vaccine[3] in 1796 which led to the eradication of small pox in 1980[3]. This achievement proves that vaccines are crucial in eradicating disease in general as it is the best way to ensure that individuals don't contract lethal diseases. Prevention is better than cure and the most effective way to prevent a disease is to be vaccinated against it. Due to absence of a vaccine against HIV, deaths due to HIV/AIDS are at a great toll.

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3e. What role do you play as a citizen and future doctor in this intervention? Howcould you support it?

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3e. What role do you play as a citizen and future doctor in this intervention? Howcould you support it?

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As a future doctor, my role may vary slightly from that of a registered doctor. However, both are health-care providers; in addition, I will be required to learn about vaccine administration as well as tips on how to communicate with patients and address their issues about vaccines. I can also use this knowledge to educate people about the importance of vaccination.

Many patients, especially parents of children under the age of 2, tend to have questions about their children’s vaccines. Answering these questions can help the parents feel confident in choosing to immunize their children[4]. Most parents understand that doctors know more about vaccines than they do and as a result, this makes them trust their (doctors') judgement.

As a future doctor, my role is also to ensure the safety and efficacy of the vaccines. This is acquired through proper storage, handling, timing and spacing of vaccine doses, observations of precautions and contraindications, managing and reporting vaccine side effects[5]. Although it is very rare for patients to experience serious side effects after vaccination, it is important for me as a health-care provider to manage them. However, as a citizen or untrained medical student, I can make a referral to the clinic.

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[1]World health Organization [Internet]. New-born deaths and illnesses.Geneva;[updated 2011 September; cited 2018 April 24]. Available from: http://www.who.int/pmnch/media/press_materials/fs/fs_newborndealth_illness/en/
[2] POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU[internet].Child mortality decreases globally and immunization coverage increases despite unequal access. Population reference bureau;[updated 2009 December 15; cited 2018 April 24]. Available from: https://www.prb.org/childmortality/

[3] Edward A. Belongia, Allison L. Naleway, Smallpox Vaccine: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly[internet], 2003 April [cited 2018 April 24]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1069029/
[4] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [internet]. Talking to Parents about Vaccines. Atlanta. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; [cited 2018 April 18]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/conversations/conv-materials.html#talkpvi

[5] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [internet]. Provider’s Role: Importance of Vaccine Administration and Vaccine Storage & Handling. Atlanta. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; [ cited 2016 November 4]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/admin/storage/providers-role-vacc-admin-storage.html
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3b. What health concern is your selected intervention trying to address/solve? How big is the health concern in South Africa and/or globally?

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3b. What health concern is your selected intervention trying to address/solve? How big is the health concern in South Africa and/or globally?

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Globally, vaccines play a major part in reducing preventable deaths. Infections (such as measles, pneumonia and polio) account for 36% of the mortalities[1]. Vaccines provide immunization against such diseases. Between 2002 and 2007,  measles related mortalities decreased by 74%[2]. This proves the effectiveness of vaccines in preventing mortalities.

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1. Identify an example of a global or South African public health intervention

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1. Identify an example of a global or South African public health intervention

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Vaccines.